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Newspaper
Lititz Record
Location
Lititz, Pennsylvania, United States of America
Date
Jun 13, 1918
Page
7
Clean out the poultry houses ccops and nests and thoroughly disinfect them. Keep them clean and let the only odor about them be one suggestive of cleanliness. The time is at hand when lice and mites and blue bugs will increase rapidly and overrun the place in a little while. The best weapon to fight them with is cleanliness. Avoid Diseased Fowls. There are those who never breed a fowl that has once been subjected to disease, particularly in a malignant form.
When fowls are closely yarded or kept on frozen or snow covered ground they have little chance to feed with grit or substitutes and are prone to illness from indigestion.
Damp houses especially dark ones with little sun invite disease. Moldy litter, filthy nests and roosts aid illness with chicken pox spreading in such conditions. Clean up and let in sunlight to reduce risk.
A USDA summary explains the screw-worm and maggot pests harming livestock. It notes maggot injuries are widespread across states, while true screw-worm losses are largest in Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona, and southern California during warm seasons, with movement northward limited by climate. The pest is native to the Americas, with spring adult appearances from April to June varying by latitude, and seasonal abundance driven by conditions.
The pest fly increases in May and early summer, then declines in hot dry midsummer, with weather and moisture driving numbers. Screw-worm injuries begin after May and peak in warm, showery falls. Cold fronts end activity with heavy frosts. breeding sites and a warm humid climate drive development.
When piglets reach three weeks they need more food than milk. The article notes a small shallow trough is placed where the sow cal...
Instructional note describes guiding young pigs to eat by stirring middlings with milk and molasses. It explains pouring the mixture into feed, letting pigs smell the molasses, then lap feed and begin eating.
The United States Department of Agriculture notes dual-purpose cattle appeal to small farmers who depend on few animals for all milk and butter, while raising calves or steers for sale. Ranchers with large herds have not favored this type.
Summary of feeding and breeding guidance from Parmers' Bulletin No. 580. Emphasizes purebred bulls for grading up native stock, good pastures, eradicating ticks, use of cottonseed products and alfalfa, silage as roughage, and finishing cattle on the farm. Notes profitability of summer feeding and pasture finishing versus winter feeding.
Calves should be fed to build a sturdy constitution and large frame with a healthy appetite. Early feeding aims to increase digestive capacity before the heifer drops her first calf.
Discussion of dairy farming as a stable, year round income with steady demand for dairy products. Highlights include minimal annual price fluctuation, soil fertility benefits from manure, year round labor use, and conversion of roughages into saleable dairy products to support national and Allied war needs.
Advice warns buyers to verify nutriment in low grade or damaged grain before purchase. Shrunken grains may be profitable if cheap, but damaged grain is often useless and costly. Suggest sending samples to the state experiment station for examination when possible.
A simple duck feed plan suggests a mash of one part cornmeal and two parts wheat bran each morning and every other evening. On alternate evenings, cracked corn shrunken wheat or oats provide additional nourishment. If allowed free range, ducks will forage considerably around the area.
The guide explains a dry well drained ground as floor first choice with no floor needed and how to raise the ground with sand or dirt if dampness appears. It covers board floors on posts, dropping boards placed against back wall, roosts above, and spacing to keep hens healthy and reduce odors.
Cleaning removes litter nest material and droppings from cracks and crevices. Thorough spraying or painting of the entire house floods all nests with a five percent solution to ensure complete pest control.
A fragment notes that a fresh egg bearing dirt cannot seem as attractive as one laid by a clean hen in a clean nest, implying standards of cleanliness affect desirability.
The article notes that feeding skim milk, preferably sour, to laying hens during winter can double egg production compared with no animal protein. It highlights experiments and estimates value at 50 cents to 2 dollars per 100 pounds, reducing costs and improving flock health and disease resistance.
Poultry specialists from the D-5 department of agriculture say sprouted oats fed as green feed to yard confined hens costs about 10 cents per hen yearly and one cent per dozen eggs, excluding labor and equipment. Experiments of these specialists indicate potential benefits.
The hens consume about 1.3 pounds of oyster shell and 0.7 pounds of grit annually, with combined cost near one cent per hen. The data reflects average feeding inputs and unit costs for poultry management.
The article stresses that many poultry raisers overlook providing ample oyster shells grit and charcoal to their flocks. It argues that proper nutrition and enrichment are essential for best health and production.
Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture the report notes immediate opportunities to expand the U.S. sheep population focusing on rough lands in the Appalachians cut over timber lands in Wisconsin Minnesota and Michigan and to some extent in the South Atlantic and Gulf States Unimproved farm land also offers potential with much idle area suitable for summer grazing and winter feed Readjustment of cropping and livestock practices could raise farm income The study suggests a ewe to three acre stocking on one quarter of farms with no sheep could double national sheep numbers and that a future doubling within four years could aid war needs by boosting wool and mutton production and reducing dependence on imports
The United States Department of Agriculture calls on farmers to maintain at least 100 hens to boost poultry and egg production. It aims to raise per hen egg yield from about 70 to 100 eggs, meeting rising demand with increased efficiency.
Turkey hens lay from 15 to 18 eggs or more depending on size. General purpose chicken hens produce about 8 to 10 eggs.
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