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Newspaper
Semi Weekly Herald
Location
Eldora, Iowa, United States of America
Date
Oct 26, 1904
Page
2
A Farmers' Review opinion urges draining land with precision using an engineer’s level and written plans. It warns against amateur ditchers and untrained professionals, arguing that curves and guesswork reduce drainage life and efficiency. It recommends hiring a qualified drainage engineer for large projects.
The day of abandoned farms seems about passed as eastern states report scarce sales and ceasing efforts. Massachusetts notes inquiries remain but no farms are for sale, while immigrants from Poland, Armenia, Sweden, Ireland, France and Canada repopulate idle lands. Improved management, trolley lines, rural delivery, telephones, and better roads spur renewed interest in farm life and land investment nationwide.
The article traces how neglected orchards fail to profit, contrasting old neglect with modern practice. It notes many trees waste space, while well-managed orchards require pruning, cultivation, spraying, and replacement of poor stock. a properly tended orchard is consistently profitable.
Irving C. Smith explains how to drain land using a drainer's level on a tripod a surveyor's chain and a tape line. He outlines establishing level points aligning the ditch with elevations calculating depth and grade setting pegs marking grading lines and checking with repeated instrument work for a precise final finish.
L P Martiny argues for farm separators as a practical upgrade over gravity in dairies. He cites better separation, higher skim milk value, labor and ice savings, and potential butter quality gains, with calculations showing butter fat loss costs under deep setting. He notes variations by herd and state conditions and the importance to creamery patrons.
The wheat crop has fallen short in the Northwest and across the country, shifting losses between regions. While high prices may offset some losses, rust-damaged wheat will limit value. A sizable corn harvest is expected with solid profits, aiding feeders, consumers, and range operators as abundant feed and water ease stock movement to eastern markets.
Thomas Drummond urges dairy producers to buy the best tin vessels rather than cheap country stores items. He notes thin, short-lived tins rust easily and harbor microbes making cleaning hard, recommending supply houses serving the creamery trade for durable utensils.
A reader asks about artichokes for swine. The article reviews literature and field trials, noting artichokes may equal cooked potatoes in value when fed with dairy byproducts, but alone they yield little weight gain. It cites Indiana, Oregon, and Missouri experiments, showing modest gains and high forage nuisance. It concludes rape, clover, and green rye are better, less troublesome feeds.
A. S. Alexander argues in Farmers' Review that districts vary in their ability to finish cattle and horses. The corn belt, with its fattening crops, contrasts with northern lands rich in protein and minerals. Wisconsin, Minnesota, Colorado, and Canadian northwest are noted as ideal nurseries for growing stock to be finished elsewhere. Colorado aims to breed standard coach horses for later finishing, while Ohio and Wisconsin cultivate regional strengths.
L P Martiny argues Wisconsin farmers gain by using farm separators. Fresh skim milk aids calf and pig digestion, reducing future cattle losses. Delivering whole milk costs about 8 cents per hundredweight, with 100000 pounds yearly costing $80 to haul to the creamery. Cream delivery costs about 1/2 cent per pound of butter fat, roughly $20 on 4000 pounds of fat. Savings of about $60 accrue, and cream haulers may deliver free by reaching larger markets. The cream deliverer should receive about 1 cent more per pound of butter fat than whole milk delivery to reflect savings in separation costs.
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