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Newspaper
Lititz Record
Location
Lititz, Pennsylvania, United States of America
Date
Jun 20, 1918
Page
7
Sheep are presented as the most economical farm live stock, producing more value relative to feed and labor. They graze on forage and weeds unsuitable for other animals, require little grain, and contribute significantly to farm revenue while adding little to expenses.
Farmers once believed purebred stock excelled in show points but offered little utility. Evidence shows every show point links to useful traits, proving the putative fancy breeding is unnecessary. The practical, common-sense animal remains best for business.
An early spring hatch favors quicker maturity for hens and pullets. Farmers rely on incubation or natural methods to raise layers that begin laying by winter, while late hatchings mature slower and delay egg production into spring.
Fragments advise avoiding slackers in breeding flocks and stress selecting active hens. It recommends feed basics Bran and corn as the foundation, warning of poor layers and inactive birds and noting pressed prices for budgeting.
Aided by the US Department of Agriculture pig clubs boost youth involvement in swine projects. The report cites 1037 clubs in the North and 2000 to 2500 in the South as of June 30 1917. It notes rise of purebred hogs, improved care, and requires adequate feed to maturity. Swine breeders associations help members secure good stock at reduced prices.
The article describes banker supported pig clubs where members obtain pigs via notes or breeding gilts. County agents or pig leaders partner with banks, enabling purchase or loan of breeding stock. The scheme often involves business agreements with parental consent, allowing pig ownership as a meat animal or offspring sale funds.
The expansion in pig clubs and pork supply, along with swine husbandry instruction, lays a foundation for lasting prosperity. Revenue from hog sales funds county development, benefiting merchants, banks, and farmers with increased deposits and investment in farms.
The United States dairy policy guidance warns that slaughtering dairy cattle to conserve grain could threaten future milk production. With European shortages increasing meat production, the text urges economical feeding and preserving dairy herds to prevent long-term milk shortages and support humanity after the war.
The Holstein Triesian or Tiolstein originated in northern Holland and has grown in numbers across the United States, especially in the Middle Atlantic and Pacific regions. Holsteins are black and white, deep and even tempered, with large cows around 1,250 pounds and bulls about 1,800 pounds. Milk yield is high but butterfat percentage is low. one herd of 8,200 cows averaged 14622.7 in yearly advanced registry.
Data show the ten highest Holstein producers averaging from 31,2469 to 28,86 4 pounds of milk and 205.09 to 1,017.28 pounds of butterfat, totaling 4,098.468 pounds of butterfat across the group. The figures reflect per-animal or collective production levels within the breed segment.
An annual report from the United States Department of Agriculture notes a New York creamery condenses 25 000 pounds of skim milk daily. Much of the former waste enters the sewer, with several creameries turning skim milk into cheese or other products to boost food supply.
United States Department of Agriculture summarizes economical feeds for breeding ewes. Roughage options include corn stover and oat straw as supplements to leguminous hay, with silage or roots for succulence. Protein-rich concentrates like cottonseed meal balance deficits. several rations mix oat straw or corn stover with legume hay or silage. Care with mold-free, high-quality cottonseed meal. typical inclusion up to four ounces daily.
Quality over quantity guides modern poultry breeding. Keep a small culled flock of proven stock. Match age and vigor: a two year old male with 12 to 14 hens yields best results. Avoid pullets with cockerels and test not to overextend with too many hens per male.
Purdue Experiment Station data show profitable egg production despite high feed costs. Six pounds of mixed feeds yield a dozen eggs. feed per dozen rose from 9.6 to 15.7 cents across 1614 15 16 17, while income per dozen ranged 18.1 to 20.4 cents, giving profits of 8.5 to 14.6 cents, suggesting ongoing farm egg profitability.
The passage notes canker usually signals a cold but may arise from injury. When male birds battle, mouth injuries can form cankers. Germs root in wounds and cause ulceration.
The text advises inspecting birds for canker and digestive disorders, cleaning lesions, and applying treatments. It recommends pure soda or creolin if available, using a toothpick to dab the sore, diluting hydrogen peroxide with water for cleansing, and finishing with carbolized vaseline.
When outside is moist it is hard to keep poultry quarters dry. Change litter often and provide ventilation to carry off foul air, keeping fowls reasonably comfortable. Weather cannot last forever.
The turkey raiser is best positioned to boost poultry output on grain and stock farms with ample range and natural feeds. It notes turkeys thrive on grasshoppers weed seeds waste grain nuts and acorns. Modern prices of grain affect only the small amount used at fattening and overall feed is largely waste.
The article explains that American standard breeds are developed for practical use, categorized into laying, meat, and general purpose classes. It names the Leghorn Minorca Andalusian Ancona Campine as laying breeds, Brahma Dorking Cornish as meat breeds, and Plymouth Rock Wyandotte Rhode Island Red Orpington as general purpose breeds, noting color variation mostly reflects preferences rather than function.
Poultry experts in the Pennsylvania department of agriculture report favorable results from feeding boiled oats and say they are the cheapest poultry food available. They note boiled oats largely replace sprouted oats, describe preparation with salted water and soaking, and advise feeding twice daily to White Leghorn pullets and once daily for older hens to avoid over fattening.
A practical note on chicken feeding favors using bran and shorts with cornmeal in a dry mash. Shorts predominate, replacing cracked grains, and the mix can be fed in self feeders. It supports growing chicks well and can be kept before them continuously.
Poultry keepers should cull weak runts and deformed birds as feeds rise. Remove small scraps to save coop space and resources for strong stock, conserving food, housing, and profits.
The guidance advises against keeping two males in a single pen with hens. If multiple males must be housed together, only one should be in the pen with the hens on any given day. A ram should be with hens one day and the other ram the next day. When not with the hens, the male should be housed alone.
Contentment among hens boosts profits and comfort, with best results from colony housing. Separate houses with individual yards improve health and stock reproduction, while free range aids breeding stock and growing chickens. Laying hens for market eggs need only small areas.
A brief note warns drafts or cold air may trigger illnesses in poultry. It claims roaster room drafts cause fevers, while hens will eat tainted food, risking flock health and tainting meat.
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