U S ends biggest year in space
The United States wraps its fifth year of space exploration with major manned flight milestones led by John Glenn Carpenter and Shirra, while Soviet cosmonauts Nikolayev and Popovich set records. NASA launches include Mariner II Telstar TIROS Explorer Alouette and X-15 feats.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
United States
John F. Kennedy
Andrian G. Nikolayev
Pavel R. Popovich
U.S
Russia
Robert White
NASA
Frank Bellows
Cleveland
Shadow tip guides lost without compass, boy inventor
A 11 year old boy scientist, Bob Owendoff of Falls Church Virginia, invented the shadow tip method for direction finding. By tracing sun shadows, he claims an average error of 8 degrees and has earned military adoption and a $500 award after his idea was submitted via an Army employee suggestion box.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Louis Cassels Washington
UPI
U.S. Air Force
U.S. Army
Bob Owendoff
Robert A. Owendoff
Gundry Drive
Falls Church
Bob
Manly
Army
Decline in disease linked to larger humans says McCance
New York based report cites Dr. R A McCance, Cambridge professor, arguing nutrition and infection declines spur bigger bodies. He notes infants born small may grow into tall adults, with bones prioritized during under nutrition. He warns obesity may shorten life while under nutrition can extend lifespan in rats.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Delos Smith
New York
UPI
R. A. McCance
McCance
Ohio colleges win science grants for high school students
Seven Ohio colleges received National Science Foundation grants to train juniors and seniors in advanced chemistry physics and biology. Institutions include Ohio State University Ohio Wesleyan University Ohio University Central State College Case Institute of Technology Bowling Green State University and Hiram College. Courses begin in June lasting ten weeks with the cost of instruction covered by grants though students must cover some travel and living expenses.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Ohio State University
Ohio Wesleyan University
Ohio University
Central State College
Eberry
Case Institute of Technology
Bowling Green State University
Hiram College
James Hutton and the birth of geology
James Hutton founded geology after observing granite under limestone near Edinburgh and limestone erosion by weathering. He showed landforms arise from ongoing surface processes and deep earth activity, challenging converting ideas of a static Earth and inspiring paleontology.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
James Hutton
Scotland
Edinburgh
Leyden
Hutton
North Sea
Gs Science of Paleontology
United 1957 successful launchings and first satellites
Explorer I discovered the Van Allen radiation belt. Pioneer I measured interplanetary magnetic field on a 70,700 mile flight toward the moon. Vanguard I used solar cells and revealed Earth geometry. Project SCORE sent the first space message from Atlas in orbit.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Explorer
van Allen Radiation Belt
Pioneer
Moon
Pioneers
Atlas
Historic 1959 Space Launch Milestone Roundup
The year saw 16 successful launches including six DISCOVERER satellites in polar orbits testing military surveillance. PIONEER IV transmitted solar flare data, EXPLORER VII provided first earth cloud photos, VANGUARD II tested cloud cover, VANGUARD II T mapped magnetic fields, PIONEER V flew 22 million miles with continuous radio. TIROS I and TIROS I backed weather data with 22,000 photos. TRANSIT I B carried a navigational payload, TRANSIT I A carried a piggyback satellite.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
United States
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA
Ranger
Moon
Venus
Telstar
Ariel
Britain
Alouette
TIROS
Carla
Corpus Christi
Texas
Solar Observatory
Orbiting Solar Observatory
OSOS
Newsweek Magazine
Edwards Air Base
California
Air Force
Navy
Vanguard II
General Weather
Vanguard Iit
Earth
Tiros I
Tiros 1
Historic 1960s satellite roster spans probes and launches
A compact catalog of spaceflight milestones lists OSO-1 through many Explorer and Discoverer missions, TIROS weather sats, Telstar communications, RANGER lunar landers, Mercury suborbital flights, MIDAS, Echo reflector, Courier repeater, and Sputnik series with brief notes on purpose, outcomes, and notable achievements including firsts in orbit, moon contact, and data collection.
Human endurence proof at AAAS meeting
A scientist reported that the human capacity to endure has been grossly underestimated. He cited concentration camp inmates and Korean War captives to argue that most people can withstand severe and prolonged harassment. He warned against two propaganda strands that undermine faith in human resilience: luxury guilt and cultural narratives exaggerating suffering.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Philadelphia
UPS
American Association For the Advancement of Science
Mercury Atlas program tracks NASA manned flights
NASA reports include about 22 secret military launches alongside Mercury Atlas missions. The first orbital American flight carried Lt. Col. John H. Glenn Jr. on Feb 2, with Lt. Cmdr. M. Scott Carpenter making a three orbit flight on May 24 and Cmdr. Wally M. Shirra Jr. completing a six orbit mission in October.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
John H. Glenn
Navy
Cmdr
M. Scott Carpenter
Glenn
Walter Shirra Jr
U.S
Alan B. Shepard
Virgil I. Grissom
John H. Glenn, Jr
Wally M. Shirra Jr
Cosmos Satellite Series Probed Earth’s Magnetic Field
The COSMOS series counted nine satellites studying earth’s magnetic field and ionospheric conditions. Major feats highlighted prolonged orbital flights by Maj. Andrian G. Nikolayev and Lt. Col. Pavel R. Popovich, who piloted a tandem mission lasting 64 units and more.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Cosmos
Earth
Andrian G. Nikolayev
Pavel R. Popovich
Also Mentioned on This Page
Gordon Cooper
Nimbus
Voyager
Mars
Mariner II
University of Cambridge
Ohio
Washington
National Science Foundation
Patrick and
Getz
Darwin
Science Digest
J. Joly
Max Planck
United
Vanguard I
Explorer VII
Space
Transit I
OSO-1
Tiros IV
Tiros III
Telstar I
Mystery Planet
Canada
Explorer XVI
Ranger V
SAMOS
Midas
Midas II
Discoverer Fil
Echo I
General Communications
Courier I-B
Samos II
Midas Iti
Midas IV
Tiros 11
Laika
Sputnik Iit
Lunik
This is just the beginning! Our collection holds over 300 years of history, including rare newspapers, obituaries, marriage records, birth records, and so much more—most of which you won’t find anywhere else!