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This newspaper page contains 23 articles. Subscribers can read the full text of each article.
Newspaper
The Beaver Herald
Location
Beaver, Oklahoma, United States of America
Date
Mar 19, 1908
Page
2
A straightforward guide explains grafting as taking a dormant wood section from a bearing tree and inserting it into another plant. It notes best timing after leaf fall but before deep frost, selecting about six inch slips from mature wood and tying them in a bunch for growth.
A practical guide to cleft grafting including stock and scion prep, timing tips for plum cherry pear and apple, tool list from chisel to grafting wax, and steps to ensure air and moisture exclusion for successful union. Focuses on spring sap flow, mild weather grafting days, and precise insertion for snug bark contact.
Wood ashes from wood and brush are valuable as a supply of potash fertilizer for fruit trees. Spread ashes under peach trees in winter, even on snow, to improve growth and help apples bear more regularly. Keep ashes away from the trunk and scatter them at a distance suited to tree size.
The United States leads global apple production with widespread cultivation across states. While Europe and other continents grow apples, the U S ranks highest. Cold regions in the country yield the best crops, and immigrants historically spread seeds widely.
J O Marke of Hood River district Oregon touts a remarkable harvest from a two acre Spitzenburg orchard yielding 183 boxes No 1 apples from 150 five year old trees. First grade fruit brought 57075 dollars while second grade covered all expenses, leaving net profit as stated.
A brief note describes placing bones in a barrel with an equal amount of wood ashes and moisture. The mixture breaks down quickly to a fine powder, yielding an excellent fertilizer for gardens.
Winter spray preparations urged for all orchardists to protect trees from insects and fungi. Advocates cite proven benefits by leading growers, warn delays reduce effectiveness, offer spray outfits with complete instructions for winter use.
A Prairie Farmer illustrated device for orchard planning uses a four to five foot board, notched ends and a centered hole. Stake positions mark trees, pin the board, drop a tree into a hole, then use the notch to align successive trees, ensuring consistent spacing along a base line.
The article discusses future business in apple orchards, notes protective measures like cloth bags and homemade lye soap to combat San Jose scale, and explains how frost affects crops. It highlights the winter apple’s demand and mentions oranges not native to America, planted by Spaniards at St Augustine about 60 years before the Pilgrims arrived.
Forester Gifford Pinchot argues that Christmas tree cutting poses negligible risk to future forests compared with fires and wasteful lumbering. He notes suitable trees grow in open areas, not old forests, and urges wiser cutting and growing methods rather than bans.
The old idea of beds in the garden is out of date. Plan to have straight rows across or lengthwise of the garden because it is more convenient for using the seed drill, hand cultivator, or horse cultivator.
Analyzes historical corn storage methods and advocates improved cribs, elevation, and ventilation. Warns against kiln drying and rain exposure, promotes sidehill cribs for sloped ground, and urges keeping corn dry to preserve quality and value for markets and international trade.
The article argues home grown feeds can displace purchased concentrates as a cheaper natural option. It emphasizes feeds aligned with animal nutrition, avoiding commercially manipulated by products. Dr Voorhees of New Jersey is cited noting nature provides balanced nutrients in rain fed feeds, while manufacturers remove nutrients causing unbalanced blends.
Prairie Farmer describes constructing adjustable stanchions. Bars A and B move at the top and bolt to cross pieces C and D, with adjustable heights at BF and GH. Locks I and II notch into the bars to hold position, X marks the stanchion open or closed.
A historical note explains milk bacteriology, citing laws in eastern cities limiting bacteria per cubic centimeter. It describes Oklahoma findings of 462,600,000 bacteria per cm3 in aged milk, seasonal variations, and the difference between harmless and disease-causing organisms while stressing cleanliness and legal limits to protect milk quality.
A dairyman describes calves that bleat continuously revealing restlessness rather than hunger or thirst. He explains they require attentive care like a trained nurse, but if unrest persists they are treated as a burden and sold as a canner if no better option exists.
Advice on selecting dairy cows focuses on youth, age four to five years, and the next four years of productive use. Emphasizes a large udder and balanced teats, storage capacity, and a well-developed milk vein entering via a sizable opening to ensure robust milk production.
A discussion of factors causing cream test variation in separators. Variation sources include separator speed, feeding rate, rinse water amount, butterfat content, and screw adjustments. Changes in milk flow alter cream fat yield. flushing water can shift cream percentage by several points.
A farmer writes that a hay and grain rack aids feeding by placing hay in a space and pouring grain in a second section, allowing cows to eat both feeds together. The article notes the rack’s arrangement and its practical benefit for dairy care.
Dairymen report that racks in the manger are secured by 2x5 strips running lengthwise. They note the hay may be made of slats and will thus be easier to clean, and many find the device satisfactory for upkeep.
Investigations show dairy cows tolerate lower protein in dry matter. Reducing protein lowers ration costs while maintaining output. A diet with more corn silage and less cottonseed meal boosted profit, and even a ration below standard protein saved money. An 80 day trial saved significant feed costs through this change in rations.
A Connecticut dairy note highlights 20 percent returns on dairy stock and offers practical advice. It stresses proper milking timing, calving readiness, and handling bulls as dangers. It suggests diet improvements like ground wheat and accurate care of cows, water, grass, and salt.
The passage notes cows vary from 3,000 to 12,000 pounds of milk per year. It questions farmers’ acceptance of keeping a cow yielding about ten pounds daily for 300 days, implying substantial inefficiency and urging consideration of higher-producing cattle.
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