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Newspaper
Titonka Topic
Location
Titonka, Iowa, United States of America
Date
Dec 26, 1935
Page
3
Prof L E Weaver summarizes research from Cornell and other labs showing artificial lights in poultry houses increase winter egg production and overall annual pullet output. Lights raise income, ease of early maturation for late-hatched pullets, with best results in flocks of low to medium productivity and gradual abandonment after April.
The United States Department of Agriculture reports that hens with high egg production hatch eggs more reliably. Eggs retained 24 to 27 hours in the oviduct before laying are likelier to hatch, while longer retention reduces viability. Body temperature further influences hatching when eggs stay over 27 hours. Lazy hens laying twice weekly stretch egg retention, whereas hens laying six days a week keep eggs under 27 hours.
The amount of grain fed to chickens depends on season and bird condition. Mash protein levels alter grain needs, and initial feeding favors grain slightly over mash, with grain proportion decreasing as production and season advance until birds eat nearly equal amounts. During peak egg production, feed should aim for slightly more mash than grain per day.
The article explains pullets suffer from underfeeding when crowded at feeding time. Bossy birds dominate the flock, cutting others off from feed. Isolating bossed birds or adding more feed hoppers improves access and intake.
In old poultry lore the term purebred meant a real improvement over mongrel chickens. Now people emphasize strains within breeds, a family of birds, rather than strict purebreds.
An NC State expert advises early breeding selections focusing on males with strong EMG production records. Choose hens with solid laying history, thoroughly cull unsuitable birds, and select hengs that are alert, well built with a long body, full breast, and strong straight legs square beneath the body.
The article notes soybean meal and oil as high protein feed supplements for hogs, with soybeans offering low cost protein per pound versus other feeds. It warns that whole or ground beans can cause soft pork, while oil yields firmer meat, prompting co operation between processors and feeders to exchange soy products.
A U S Department of Agriculture note states legumes act as natural nitrogen factories when given phosphorus and potash. Applying these nutrients to green manure crops boosts legume growth and nitrogen fixation, enriching soil for following corn and cotton. Tests show 0-10-4 or 0-8-4 mixtures at 400 pounds per acre work well for Austrian winter pea and similar legumes before corn and cotton.
A. L. Harvey of the University Farm in St. Paul warns that a nursing colt may become overweight if it eats much grain and mothers heavier milk. Overfat colts risk leg issues, especially with the hocks, even with exercise. Wean at twelve weeks, provide wide exercise, then reintroduce feeding while keeping activity high.
A historical note cites the brown rat as the era’s most destructive pest, damaging wild birds, farm logs, and poultry. USDA figures estimate costs at about 50 cents per farm per year, with national losses affecting workers and millions of acres dedicated to crops harmed by this rat.
Agricultural notes report high wool consumption during wartime and the winter survival of late-reared bees. Lamb feeders expect about one-fifth pound per head daily, while apples like Baldwin and Northern Spy show high vitamin D. A Soil conservation method on hillside crops is named and corn crop for the year is estimated at 278,204,000 bushels, up 86 percent from last year and 17 percent above the five-year average. Animal Husbandman H. P. Bush and Vorsky are cited in the section.
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