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Newspaper
Sullivan Union
Location
Sullivan, Indiana, United States of America
Date
May 28, 1919
Page
7
Special Information Service reports hog cholera remains a severe risk for farmers. Despite a drop in deaths from 4.5 to 3.7 percent between 1917 and 1918, hog values rose from 26 to 42 dollars per 200 pounds. With 75 million hogs nationwide, a 200 pound animal at year’s end could yield about three billion dollars to producers if cholera worsens as in prior years.
The article notes that work to control hog cholera began under government efforts and that yearly losses could reach near 200 million dollars without Federal and State serum treatments and outbreak handling. It argues eradication is probable with local cooperation, saving pork costs for consumers.
The United States Department of Agriculture and State Agricultural Colleges offer guidance on preventing and treating hog cholera. They publish bulletins and can provide Farmers' Bulletin 834, Prevention and Treatment of Hog Cholera. County agents and local veterinarians can advise and provide the bulletin on request.
The piece notes that hog cholera control has reduced losses from 6,000,000 hogs worth $67 million in 1914 to about 2.7 million hogs worth $52.5 million in 1918. It calls for ongoing State and Federal coordination and farmer participation to achieve absolute eradication in American farms.
Guidance for farmers when cholera appears in hog herds advises avoiding neighbor visits and stray hogs, keeping birds away, preventing sick hogs from leaving farms, fencing pens, restricting hogs from streams or roads, avoiding straw from infected sources, burying carcasses, and refraining from sharing tools.
The U S Department of Agriculture endorses trunk banding of apple trees with burlap cloth to deter the cooling moth. Bands 4 to 8 inches wide folded in three layers are applied around trunks where bark is removed, and larvae should be crushed by hand about every 19 days during the season.
A USDA advisory urges home orchardists to prepare the soil as thoroughly as for vegetable seeds. Thorough soil prep prior to planting fruit trees leads to rapid, lasting growth and better yields, the department says.
Sullivan County farmers are urged to inspect wheat fields for dark brown rot in leaves and stems and for flag smutt of wheat. Officials request reporting suspicious cases to the county agent with specimens when possible. No cases have been reported locally yet.
United States Department of Agriculture notes milk from 5,587 cows in 40 associations averaged 247 pounds of butterfat per cow, well above the national 160 pounds. The study finds returns over feed cost of $28 at 160 pounds and $47 at 247 pounds, with association work credited for gains and breeding improvements.
A farmer can buy a scrub bull for $50 alone but joining a bull association lets five farmers invest $50 each to own a $250 pure bred bull. This cooperative approach makes high quality stock affordable for smallholders.
A. C. Baer of Oklahoma A&M suggests cows can be kept in milk with good silage and alfalfa hay, and that including grain in the ration is beneficial for cows producing 20 pounds or more daily. A grain mix of two parts grain chop two parts bran and one part cottonseed meal is proposed, with a second mix using kafir and cats (likely a OCR error) to balance the ration.
The dairy barn should have ample ventilation and a well drained concrete floor. A steady clean water supply with pressure is essential for cleanliness. Stanchions aid comfort and cleanliness, and many barns use an automatic watering device with a cup that fills automatically and stays clean under a lid. Continuous clean water remains at nearly constant temperature.
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