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This newspaper page contains 21 articles. Subscribers can read the full text of each article.
Newspaper
Spring Valley Gazette
Location
Spring Valley, Illinois, United States of America
Date
Jan 08, 1920
Page
7
Farmers are urged to market lambs at 3 to 5 months to maximize growth and lower costs. Early sale reduces summer losses from parasites and accidents, frees feed for breeders, and yields better spring prices. Teaching lambs to eat via a creep, feeding clean grain, and using corn based rations supports steady growth and profitability.
Farmers praise a 14 by 6 foot rack with side boards and bolt fastenings that keep loads secure in crates and boxes. It supports hauling onions and seeds, reducing spillage and shell loss, and adapts to wagons and thrashing use.
The eelworm is a serious new wheat pest causing up to 40 percent losses in Virginia. It has also affected West Virginia Maryland and California. Recognize it in threshed grain by hard dark galla about half the size of a kernel. Plant only clean seed from uninfested fields.
The article notes horseradish is a profitable crop for growers who prepare, grate, bottle, and sell it to retail customers. It emphasizes that profits stay with the grower and that preparation can be done in winter when outdoor work slows.
The disk harrow is a long lived tillage tool with about a 20 year life. It has few moving parts and requires care to prevent wear. Clean and inspect sections each winter, replace worn boxes, ensure oiling system and bearings, keep arbor bolt tight, and sharpen disks at least annually for better penetration and reduced draft.
Tests across Indiana New York Iowa Wisconsin and Ontario show young pigs under 100 pounds may be fed up to three pounds of skim milk per pound of grain. As pigs grow older the ratio drops to about two pounds per pound of grain since protein needs decline with age and during fattening.
Pride should compel every dairy man to maintain his cows in an attractive and sanitary condition every day in the year. Appearance of the cow reflects the owner and neglected fences and tumble-down buildings signal careless farmers. dirty cows indicate a milk producer who fails to guard customers.
United States Department of Agriculture reports Castor the Morgan gelding of Middlebury Vermont completed the grueling 3800 mile endurance race from Fort Ethan Allen Vermont to Camp Devens Massachusetts with a clean speed record after day four. Castor finished third in speed despite a fall on a rough road injuring his nose and walking the last five miles. The race aimed to promote cavalry horse breeding across the United States with most entrants Arabians and Morgans bred at the agriculture department farm. Colonel George’s overseas veteran Bob led early but was retired before finish. Rustem Bey and Ramla, two Arabians, finished ahead of Castor. Maj. C. A. Benton (retired) served as judge for the bureau of animal industry.
A Western market report notes blemishes can deduct up to 50 dollars from top horses. Preventing flaws helps profit, and core defense is breeding sound mares to sound stallions. Some colts may be curby despite good care, but effort should focus on quality stock.
As piglets reach three weeks old they outgrow milk. A shallow trough out of reach of the sow is filled with scalded middlings mixed with milk and a tablespoon of molasses. The pigs are guided to the trough and soon begin to eat from the scent and taste of the molasses.
Pigs should be kept in dry clean quarters and fed in clean troughs. They must not be left to run out in cold rain or become chilled. Sows roaming through filth and then being suckled will often cause pigs to scour.
The European corn borer, a dirty white larva about one inch long, risks causing massive damage once established in the U.S. corn belt. Professor Dean warns of spread from New York and Massachusetts, detailing life cycle, the two moth broods, and how ears are bored through, urging farmers to report signs to state entomologists or experiment stations.
North Dakota farmers and the state agricultural college report grasshoppers are a profitable poultry feed source for turkeys and guinea fowls. Experiments led by G R Greaves show flocks consuming millions of insects, reducing pests with little farmer effort and creating a new income stream as birds mature and enter markets.
The article emphasizes soil type and crop as basis for plowing depth. Expert Andrew Ross advocates deep furrows turned on edge, but warns against yearly excessive depth. Incremental depth gains are preferred, seven to eight inches as a practical limit, with deeper plowing useful for water-holding additions or deep-rooted crops.
The guide advises protecting hives from cold winds by using surrounding insulation. A windbreak such as trees, hills, or fences is helpful. Pack tightly around the hive with cork chips, sawdust, dry leaves, or chaff, leaving the entrance slightly smaller yet open.
Dairymen should house calves separately from cows to reduce odors and calm cows. Calf quarters should connect to the dairy barn, ideally on the south or east side to minimize disturbance and improve management.
The article warns farmers against assuming sheep will eat anything and thrive on scraps. It notes sheep will eat weeds and shrubs but struggle on sprouts and dry leaves. It suggests using waste land on farms for seasonal, profitable sheep grazing.
In five years of work at the New Jersey station horticultural department several hundred seedling peaches matured this season. Crosses Belle by Greensboro produced large oval fruit ripening with Carman season quality and may surpass Belle. A Belle by Harly Crawford cross yields an early yellow peach, while Elberta by Harry Crawford crosses give Elberta shaped fruit with finer quality and earlier ripening. Rot damage hits southern New Jersey, but seedlings at the experiment station remain largely spared.
Horticulturist J A Anderson of Morris Minnesota warns that rabbits and mice attack young apple trees after snow cover, feeding on bark at ground level. Protection includes wrapping to above the snow line with tar paper or burlap, lath screens, snow drift removal, whitewash with copperas or sulphur, and winter mulching with strawy manure spaded in later.
Advice on choosing fruit trees for a good orchard. Peaches and plums common in some areas, citrus in others. Grapes and berries suit certain localities. avoid crowding with too many varieties for market production.
The article advises not planting trees too close and notes spacing depends on orchard care. Closer rows are allowed if trees are kept pruned, otherwise greater distance is needed to allow full growth.
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