Supreme Court decision returns to old test on church state
The Supreme Court ruled 6-3 that Alabama's daily moments of silence in public schools violate the Establishment Clause. The decision reaffirmed the 1971 three‑part test requiring secular purpose, neutral effect, and no excessive entanglement. ACLU's Sims warned of broader impact on church state disputes.
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Washington
Supreme Court
Alabama
High Court
Congress
John Paul Stevens
Charles Sims
American Civil Liberties Union
New York City
Pentagon probes General Dynamics access to classified data
The Army investigates how General Dynamics employees gained access to classified information on an unspecified Army weapon. Five Rockaway NJ office workers were fired. Navy Secretary Lehman said Pomona Division staff used government documents to back proposals and tagged government data as proprietary. The Pentagon has not revoked the Rockaway site's clearance, while a broader inquiry continues.
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Washington
Army
General Dynamics Corp
Pentagon
General Dynamics
Rockaway
N.J
Navy
John Lehman
Pomona
Air Force
Lehman
St. Louis Post- Dispatch
Defense Department
Defense Investigative Service
Nixon Muskie lead bipartisan arms control effort
CHICAGO AP Former President Richard Nixon and former Secretary of State Edmund Muskie have spearheaded a private bipartisan group to craft an arms control plan for talks with the Soviet Union. Reagan has been briefed, with other participants including Howard Baker and Alton Frye of the Council on Foreign Relations. Frye confirms meetings but avoids detail.
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Chicago
Richard Nixon
Edmund Muskie
United States
Soviet Union
Chicago Tribune
Nixon
Muskie
Reagan
the Tribune
U.S
Maine
Senate
Howard Baker
R-Tenn
Alton Frye
Washington
Council On Foreign Relations
Frye
New York
Evolution speeding up in large brained species says researcher
AP reports biologist Allan Wilson of UC argues evolution in humans and other large brained creatures is accelerating up to a hundredfold compared with 400 million years ago, driven by rapid environmental changes humans create. He notes lactose tolerance spreading in dairy regions and cites birds responding to bottle designs as culture-driven evolution, suggesting a slowdown may follow as culture meets challenges.
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Los Angeles
Allan Wilson
University of California
Wilson
American Association For the Advancement of Science
Scandinavian
England
Greenhouse effect may have spurred life on Earth says NASA scientist
Los Angeles AP reports James Kasting of NASA Ames argues the greenhouse effect moderated early Earth temperatures allowing life to develop amid a 25 to 30 percent increase in solar brightness over 4.5 billion years. He notes Venus and Mars illustrate how atmospheric carbon dioxide shapes planetary climates.
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Los Angeles
Earth
James Kasting
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Ames Research Center
Mountain View
Calif
Mars
Venus
Kasting
American Association For the Advancement of Science
Hasting
Martian
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