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Newspaper
News
Location
Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
Date
Aug 10, 1907
Page
6
Farmers in the northwest debate drainage options noting tile drains are best but board drains provide good service when finances are tight. Wooden drains can last twenty to twenty five years with methods using uprights and notches or posts and boards, enabling one man to construct them and helping farmers later afford tile.
Instructions on managing red rust in black cap and blackberry patches. Remove old raspberry canes after fruiting, prune new growth, burn cuttings, and cultivate strawberry beds. Manage runners, avoid sun on picked blackberries, pack promptly, and store in cedar before shipping. For August or September plantings, prefer spring sets or pot grown plants with ground prepared now. Keep rows weeded and moist to prepare for transplant.
The Senator Dunlap is rated among newer strawberries as a very early and midseason bearer in American Cultivator. It is reliable and productive like the Haverland, with good color and pleasant flavor. The Punlap and Granville are also noted as good companions for growers, with practical advice to mulch deeply for winter protection and berry cleanliness.
The season’s first bale of cotton, 507 pounds, sold in New York for 40 cents per pound, a penny more than the recent auction price at the Houston cotton exchange. The bale, grown near Run, Texas, will be shipped to Liverpool.
The article argues farmers must relentlessly fight diverse weeds that germinate across seasons and locations. It warns that early efforts fade and neglect allows weeds to dominate yearly, and notes weeds thrive around manure heaps and spread seeds to fields each spring.
FINE FRUIT. Peach growing thrives across New England, especially in Maine, Connecticut, and New Hampshire to a lesser extent. The best soil is well drained, rich and sandy. gravelly loams are desirable. J. T. Hale, peach authority, stresses good air and water drainage, urging growers to place orchards on hills for optimal results. Potash and phosphoric acid are key fertilizers, with nitrogen less central. Leguminous cover crops in orchards provide added benefits.
The article notes nitrogen from soil suffices for fruit crops and highlights the Mainie It peach variety grown on a MA farm. Mr. Howard is praised for excellent peaches and advocates wood ashes as a fertilizer in orchard management.
The cabbage crop is often handed in bulk and shipped by carload or shipload with heads cut from stalks. Outer leaves are removed and cabbages packed in crates rather than barrels to prevent rotting. Crates carry heads securely, show quality on arrival, and should be packed by hand to avoid shifting in transit, according to wholesaler W. N. Hutt.
In New England hay is the great underlying crop with New Hampshire alone producing 6,000,000 tons. A writer in American Cultivator stresses deep plowing and thorough tillage to profit, advocating summer plowing, annual weed control, and plowing every fifth year. Five tons of manure per acre recommended.
A historical note reflects on corn cultivation progress and upcoming improvements. It highlights a farmer in town advocating for more efficient tools and methods, suggesting widespread adoption in the coming years.
A California dairyman stresses strict cleanliness and rapid cooling of cream. He advises stir constantly to shed animal heat, keep cans shaded during delivery, and cool promptly to make cream suitable for butter. The passage cites Guernsey dairy practices and germ control in milk handling.
W W Jenkins in Tloard's Dairyman urges plan ahead for cow feed next winter. Grow roots like mangel wurzel beets and turnips while noting silos aid but not on small farms. Emphasizes green feed with grain for health and peak milk, warns against sole reliance on grain, suggests using rich sand for cultivation to cut costs.
A dairyman explains a simple method to identify the best producing cows. Weigh milk and record results monthly using a wall sheet, a pencil, and a scale. Weighing twice a month helps judge if a cow pays for her feed over the year.
Dairy guidance on shaping a future herd through a protein rich ration using skim milk oats bran oilmeal and clover hay. Advice covers clean feeding setups and pre freshening teat treatment with vaseline to prevent sores and ease milking.
Charles Harrington of the Massachusetts State Board of Health urges a sanitation fix for dairy supply. He argues against heating spoiled milk and dilution by excrement, advocating paying a bit more for clean milk and rejecting filthy sources to make cleanliness an asset and filth a burden.
The dairyman who tests his cows keeps precise records like a merchant. He uses scales and the Babcock tester as invaluable aids to measure performance and manage dairy stock.
Feeding milk too cold or too much at once causes scours. A half cup of wheat flour or grain helps calves with scours. Select a dairy breed and weed out poor animals. Maintain clean calk pens, fix fences, and wash dairy equipment thoroughly. Cottonseed meal boosts yield and cream but must be fed in small quantities to avoid scours. A dairy thermometer helps gauge milk temperature. Training and feeding improve cows, and leaving butterfat in milk reduces value.
The article stresses economical sheep feeding and warns against grain waste from dirty or contaminated feed. It recommends building troughs and racks that sheep cannot climb or stand in, suggesting a single flat bottom trough placed beside a wall and divided by a board to prevent spreading.
A farmer advises on feeding sheep in wet lots by using a south facing shed or dry ground around the feed racks. Build a high board partition to keep sheep from fouling troughs, and lay gravel or a solid board platform for firm footing. Different rack shapes and spacing are discussed to minimize waste of turnips and other fodder.
Guidance on grazing sheep with clover and alfalfa to avoid bloat. Recommend letting crops mature to blood before turning in, then mix with nonlegumes like timothy to create a rotating diet. Start with fed sheep, provide salt and wine mixture, and avoid moving flock until pasture changes.
A farmer describes careful steps to raise newborn lambs, including dairy temperature, feeding intervals, and avoiding milk from cows in milk metation. The approach emphasizes preventing loss of valuable stock by timely supplementation and selective milk use to ensure healthy orphans and rejected lambs get a start.
An article from the Missouri and Kansas Farmer discusses sweeny in horses, its causes, and basic care. Prolonged heavy spring work while muscles are not toned can injure shoulder nerves, causing paralysis and muscle wasting. Rest horses until their muscles harden and avoid cruel nerve interventions. light work and liniment can mitigate the condition, though cure is difficult.
W J Kennedy advises every swine herd be dipped at least twice yearly in spring and fall to disinfect animals and eliminate lice. Sprinkling or spraying fails to reach lice near the ears and armpits. dipping through a tank leaves swine free from trouble.
A historical note lists seven causes of losses in sheep raising. Poor flock condition at mating, insufficient winter food and shelter, neglect at lambing, dog worry, selling best lambs while keeping weaker ones, use of inferior rams, and not destroying bad titles.
A farmer offers practical hog keeping guidance urging liberty for piglets, proper sow ages, green feed and shade, separate care for breeding stock, and clean water. Advice covers weaning timelines, shelter, pasture, and vigilance against disease, emphasizing prevention and selecting healthy sows and milkers.
A writer in the American Poultry Advocate reports West Virginia experiments showing skim milk as a partial ration boosts egg production. In 122 days, 22 hens with skim milk laid 1,244 eggs versus 996 with mash watered. another test, 60 hens, yielded 862 eggs in 37 days with skim milk against 632 without. Ontario trials favor whey and skim milk in fattening rations, noting sour skim milk gives uniform results and aids digestion.
Practical poultry guidance notes reliable liquid lice killers for farm use. It describes a kerosene naphthalene paint and a coal tar disinfecting liquid mixed with kerosene to kill mites and coop lice. Application should be in the morning to dry before roost time.
A fat broiler is rare and plumpness is prioritized as chicks tend to divide energy to growth. Near market size, feed freely with corn in multiple forms, ground feed digests better, and a moistened mash of two thirds corn meal and one third bran, cooked potatoes, milk with sugar aids fattening.
When hens show liver trouble in a flock others may be in early stages. Provide a grass run if possible or green food, cut corn use, and exercise. For confined fowls feed grain in litter sparingly at first and avoid prolonged diet reduction to prevent weakness.
The description defines feather parts including shaft, barbs, web and shafting. It explains the shaft as the stem filled with pith that bears the barbs, the barbs as the feather’s side branches, the web as the plumed flat area formed by barbs, and shafting as a shade difference between shaft and web.
The article notes leg weakness in chicks confined in crates due to a one sized ration. It suggests adding bone meal or granulated raw bone to the mash, and recommends rising cut clover and cut alfalfa as remedies to prevent trouble.
The Industrious Ten argues the trap nest is among the great Diestings within reach of the pout, highlighting its perceived value and feasibility for future realization.
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