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Newspaper
Moulton Eagle
Location
Moulton, Texas, United States of America
Date
Jan 05, 1917
Page
6
A concise survey of 1916 detailing major European fronts and global shifts. Key moments include Verdun, the Somme, Russian offensives in Galicia, Romanian entry and retreat, Italy and Austria battles, Gallipoli end, and the shifting Allied leadership and peace overtures.
The United States faced mounting tensions with Germany and its allies over submarine warfare and neutral mails. Key incidents included the Sussex and Englishman sinks, the Marina affair, and contested neutral mail examinations. Britain and France published a blacklist of U S firms, sparking protests that Britain rejected.
The year saw rising tension after the January massacre near Chihuahua where nineteen mostly American men were killed. Villa’s raid on Columbus in March killed nine Americans and eight U S soldiers, prompting Wilson to send 5000 troops into Mexico. Carranza opposed the expedition and barred American use of railroads, attacking US forces at Parral and demanding withdrawal by May 31.
The year centered on a threatened 400,000 member railway strike by four unions engineers firemen conductors and trainmen. President Wilson pushed three bills including an eight hour day standard and arbitration provisions but rail managers and unions contested terms. the strike was averted when the Adamson Bill passed.
The text recalls the 1916 border crisis with Carranza. American forces expanded rapidly from 12,000 to 50,000 troops deployed to the border after June. A Carrizal clash killed twelve and left 17 captured. Diplomacy followed with a joint commission formed in New London and a protocol to withdraw US troops within 40 days if Carranza could secure the border. Villa then captured Chihuahua City before retreating to the mountains.
A November 5 battle in Everett Washington pitted a large I W W faction from Seattle against a sheriff posse. Seven men were killed in the firefight.
In 1916 Sinn Fein rose in Ireland with uprisings and executions in London. Greece formed a provisional government after Venizelos opposed King Constantine. Poland proclaimed independence as German and Austrian powers claimed its fate. China restored the republic after Yuan Shi Kai’s death and monarchy abolition.
The year 1916 dominated American politics with party conventions in Chicago and St Louis. Roosevelt was nominated by the Progressives, Hughes by the Republicans, and Wilson with Marshall were renominated by the Democrats. Roosevelt declined the Progressive bid on June 26.
The article notes the November 7 election yielded 276 electoral votes for Wilson and 255 for Hughes, with California’s final count coming in three days after the vote. It highlights a record turnout aided by women voting in 12 states and four states adopting statewide prohibition Michigan Montana Nebraska and South Dakota. The Democrats kept the Senate while the House remained without a clear majority, with five balance‑of‑power members from minor groups.
The record details numerous fatal incidents on land and sea including torpedoed merchant ships and warships. Prominent losses include the French cruiser Provence with 8130 drowned on Feb 26 and the explosion at Bakaritza, Russia killing 841 on Nov 21.
Congress sat from January 4 to September 8. Key actions include Clarke amendment on Philippine independence, May 1 child labor ban, August 16 compromise granting self rule when ready, Haiti treaty ratified February 18, and large army navy funding with 157 ships planned and navy budget rising by over 181 million.
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