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Newspaper
Marshall Herald
Location
Marshall, Illinois, United States of America
Date
Jun 01, 1945
Page
4
Japanese mobilize home guard and political issues strain Allied plans as draft measures target men over thirty. Claims re terms by West Newspaper Union reflect column opinions not official editorial.
Japanese authorities mobilized 20 000 000 students and an agrarian militia into a home guard as U S forces push through Okinawa. Pacifist crackdowns and pamphlet seizures were ordered while Nipponese aircraft attacked shipping amid heavy cave defenses and costly advance by American troops.
After Germany defeat, Churchill governs Conservative party into Britain’s first general election in a decade. Labor withdraws from the coalition over election timing, forcing Churchill to resign as prime minister but he agrees to head a temporary regime until the next ballot.
The services push for younger recruits leads to a draft reduction targeted at 90 000 monthly after July 1 with 45 percent of inductees aged 18, 33 percent aged 19 to 25, and 22 percent over 26. Some 4 F registrants may be re examined due to health changes since V E Day. Local boards gain power to defer based on occupation needs while earlier deferrals may not switch jobs easily.
The article notes Trieste as a flashpoint between Italy and Yugoslavia with Allied forces ensuring port access, while Tito’s Partisans clash with British forces and Alexander prepares for possible escalation. It also covers Stalin insisting on a Warsaw core and Mikolajczyk demanding removal of Russian troops and secret police before free elections.
The Interstate Commerce Commission ordered higher class rates for manufactured and higher grade goods in the East and lowered them in the South and West to balance competition. Temporary 10 percent East raises and 10 percent cuts in the South and West were issued until a permanent system is set. Gov. Ellis Arnall of Georgia says further readjustments are still sought, but the ICC move improves regional competitiveness in industrial output. Bulk shipments like coal and grain remain exempt from these revisions.
The 1945 civilian food supply per person is forecast to be 5 to 7 percent smaller than last year but 2 to 4 percent above 1935–39 levels. Most foods remain in good supply while meat is relatively scarce. Distribution challenges grow with tighter overall supplies and higher civilian demand for canned fruits vegetables evaporated milk and chicken.
The Army and Navy launched an education campaign with schools and civic groups to warn civilians about balloon bombs drifting over the U S mainland. Officials said these 33 foot diameter paper balloons pose no military threat and should not alarm the public despite occasional descents in isolated rural or wooded areas.
The War Production Board outlines plans to restart civilian goods output by midsummer, aiming to produce 200000 cars, 530000 refrigerators, 700000 washing machines and other utilities while lifting many equipment restraints. Output will be limited by material and labor, with early auto and appliance production prioritized for essential users.
War Labor Board approves a new anthracite contract granting underground travel pay and shift differentials. John L. Lewis and operators conclude the agreement as government oversight continues. The deal raises vacation allowance to 75 dollars and overtime after 7 hours daily or 35 weekly, with price adjustments pending government approval.
Legislation revises unemployment compensation to raise weekly benefits and extend duration to ensure adequate living standards for workers and families. States mostly lift minimums and maximums, with typical range of about $10 between them to counteract unemployment deflation.
Major General Norman T. Kirk reports skin diphtheria among American soldiers in Pacific areas has been brought under early control. Epidemics arose from carriers with bacilli in wounds and spread to other skin lesions or throats. Recovery typically follows rest, wound care, and sterile dressings. penicillin and small antitoxin doses used as needed.
Citrus fruits provide daily vitamin C needs with one large orange or half a grapefruit. They also offer acids and flavors that stimulate appetite and aid digestion, while their bulk helps prevent constipation and their minerals support cell building and maintenance. The goal is one serving of citrus fruit per day.
Dr. Fred Eric R. Steggerda of the University of Illinois reports a method to render the large intestine opaque to X rays using a colloidal thorium dioxide suspension. This allows observation of intestinal gas expansion during rapid ascent in planes, addressing limitations of older barium techniques.
How to reclaim wool from sweaters dresses socks and baby coverings. Unravel the item and loop into skeins using a breadboard to form neat skeins and tie four times to avoid tangling. Wash in lukewarm suds rinse hang dry with a weight to prevent kinks.
Seed disinfectants kill seed-borne and soil-borne pathogens by contact or vapor action. Volatile agents include formaldehyde and ethyl mercury compounds, while non volatile agents include copper oxides and mercury phenols. Remove light seed, weed seed, trash, and dirt. cure or dry seeds before treatment. do not plant cracked or injured seed.
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