Harvard study questions value of school busing program
Harvard sociology professor David J. Armor studied desegregation busing in Boston Arbor Hartford Riverside and White Plains covering 5000 students grades 1 to 12 from 1965 to 1971. He finds no test score gains and notes mixed effects on race relations with stronger black identity in white schools.
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Study questions value of school desegregation effects
Arm or reports tests in 1965 capture only cross sectional data, finding no clear advantage for black students moved to suburban schools. He notes mixed Hartford results, flawed prior studies, and that integration may heighten racial identity while reducing tolerance, with suburbs guiding many black students toward prestige colleges.
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