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This newspaper page contains 19 articles. Subscribers can read the full text of each article.
Newspaper
Greeley Tribune
Location
Greeley, Colorado, United States of America
Date
Apr 20, 1887
Page
2
A detailed narrative of the Shiloh campaign focusing on Sherman's landings, Halleck's orders, and the strategic debates before the April 1862 battle. It covers key figures Sherman Buell Beauregard and Grant, the Pittsburg Landing landing, and the controversial decisions shaping the campaign.
A descriptive account of the Shiloh battlefield outlining the river Owl Creek Dill branch and Briar Creek runs, the table land ridges, ravines, and the positions of the Union army. It notes the timbered terrain and lack of earthworks or fortifications and discusses Confederate expectations.
In February 1862 Major General Halleck commanded 425000 troops across the Mississippi valley with headquarters in St Louis. Buell Grants Pope and Curtis led armies in the west while Sherman organized near Paducah. Confederate defense stretched from Columbus to Nashville before Forts Henry and Donelson fell, enabling Union control of Kentucky and opening Tennessee as a frontier for army and fleet movements. Grant rose to national fame as Johnston and Beauregard withdrew southward toward a Memphis Chattanooga line.
General Halleck orders a March 1 expedition up the Tennessee to destroy the Bear Creek railroad bridge near Lastport and disrupt Corinth Jackson and Humboldt. Cavalry and light artillery with infantry to avoid major battles, retreat if necessary. Sherman is sent to execute, assembling three divisions from Fort Donelson and two more under Hurlbut and Sherman. Smith commands the expedition with Wallace as his division commander.
Gen. Lmoith leads a portion of the expedition as events begin to move briskly. The military action unfolds with movement and strategic positioning shaping the early phase of operations.
The War Department authorized uniting Buell and Halleck’s armies on March 11 and sent Buell toward Savannah with Florence as the original rendezvous. Grant arrived at Savannah on March 17 and moved to concentrate forces while Sherman directed regiments and camps at Pittsburg Landing. Halleck urged delaying a general engagement until Buell’s arrival, though Grant favored an earlier strike. By March 25 Pren tiss organized six regiments into two brigades forming the new Sixth division.
Fragmentary reports describe Bragg uniting forces from Bowling Green and Columbus under Polk with Pensacola and New Orleans units near Corinth. About 40,000 men from diverse regiments assembled into four corps, mixing rifles, smoothbores, and shotguns, highlighting enthusiasm over discipline.
Under Generals Polk Bragg Thurdee Breckinridge and Beauregard with Johnston at two miles from the Federal camp the rebels prepared an aggressive thrust after reports of Union advances from Columbia to Savannah and a large force near Bethel. Bad weather and a missing division delayed the dawn assault planned for April 5.
The Federal line ran from Lick Creek to Owl Creek with Sherman Prentiss and McClernand in command along a semi circular frontline. Confederates formed three lines under Hardee Bragg and Polk with Breckinridge and Breckinridge in reserve. About 41 153 present for duty faced 36 000 infantry and 8 080 cavalry. heavy fighting followed despite rumors of a southern surprise and missed opportunities for an early northern offensive.
Confederate forces moved across a two mile front at Shiloh as Prentiss and Sherman find their lines breached. The 25th Missouri and 21st Missouri fired the first shots signaling a bloody day ahead as regiments fell back and camps were left in enemy hands.
The article recalls conflicting views on a rapid Civil War front movement after a long roll. It cites Lossing and Buell about unprepared troops, unloaded guns, scattered gear, and lax ammunition as Confederate forces attacked, with accounts of orders and awakenings amid the shelling and bayonet flashes.
Soldiers of Hindman and Buckland clash on the Oak Creek valley during a brutal morning fight. Confederate and Union brigades load with grape and canister as the dead and wounded pile up, yet the troops press on in the face of ferocious fire and grim endurance.
The narrative details brutal fighting as McClernand’s forces clash with Beauregard and Johnston. The Sixth Mississippi suffers 800 casualties among 40 men, while Sherman's left is briefly supported before breakdowns send units retreating. Artillery, brigades, and shattered formations mark a fierce day of costly resistance.
Partial account of Prentiss retreat and the day’s strongest new position. The narrative notes his left flank reached the southern end of the line as forces maneuvered.
Gen Prentiss and Gen Wallace hold a fortified position known as The Hornet's Nest against Bragg's corps. Iowa regiments led by Cols Tuttle and Sweeney, plus allied units, endure repeated assaults from Gibson and Bragg, with heavy casualties. Prentiss and Wallace fall. 2,200 men remain to fight.
Confederate forces under Johnston launch a charged assault on the Federal left, aided by Hurlbut and Breckinridge. A Tennessee regiment falters before a dramatic push led by visiting leaders. Johnston is struck in the leg, mortally wounded, and dies on the field as Bragg takes command and renewed assaults continue toward the gunboat shelter.
The Confederate and Union lines near Shiloh show exhausted troops and shelling from gunboats. Beauregard, Bragg, Johnston and Chalmers report heavy fatigue and halted assault as sunset nears. They order regrouping to face Lew Wallace and Buell at daylight.
Gen Grant arrived by 10 am as thousands of panic stragglers flooded the area. Buell estimates about 15,000 refugees from the river and camps, with wagons and troops struggling toward the water. Ammen's brigade arrived at six and was deployed to meet threats as the Sunday fighting concluded.
In a night rain the two armies rested after brutal fighting near Corinth. Grant plans another dawn strike with Lew Wallace and others joining, while Beauregard withdraws. Civil War casualties reach 13,573 Union and 10,690 Confederate with heavy gains for the Union as Shiloh closes.
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