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Newspaper
Freeport Journal
Location
Freeport, Illinois, United States of America
Date
Mar 06, 1872
Page
8
The department invites farmers in Stephenson County to submit articles on any subject for publication. Letters should be written plainly and printed on one side of the paper.
The guide explains soil preparation for fruit trees, recommending well-drained fertile ground, deep plowing, surface manure, and rotted fertilizer kept away from roots. It covers root pruning, top removal to balance roots, mulching with straw, trenching orchards in autumn, and ensuring dry, well-drained beds for spring planting.
The article argues bark louse signals tree disease rather than causing it and offers restoration steps. It advises inspecting for internal decay, trimming damaged limbs, reseeding the orchard, plowing, mulching, and washing trunks to stimulate rapid growth and remove lice eggs. It notes vitality determines recoverability for young trees.
The article argues saw dust can replace straw for mulch since it decays slower and acts as fertilizer. It advises spreading thinly around tree trunks, about three to four inches, to feed the roots and help the tree, warning against heaping it up which could foster harmful fungus growth.
The article discusses the Norway spruce, highlighting its height from 100 to 150 feet or more, straight trunk, hardiness, and native range in northern Europe and Asia. It covers ornamental use, planting distances for screens, and cautions against overbearing young trees. it also notes pruning guidance to promote sturdy growth and fruit yields in associated plantings.
Des Moines Iowa correspondent reports Mr. Smith, an orchardist near Des Moines, found coal tar applied under wrapped paper around tree trunks, with a mounded earth barrier, keeps the canker worm from eggs in forks. Result was the orchard avoided moths, with expected yield of about 3,000 bushels this season and full recovery later.
The article instructs careful monitoring of rose bushes infested by slugs and urges immediate pest killing. It recommends using a spray of whale oil soap and water, five pounds of soap to fifteen gallons, applying to both leaf surfaces with a syringe for best reach.
For wounds that should heal, use a sharp knife on pruning. Grapevines tolerate smooth or rough cuts, as wood beyond the last bud dies regardless. Many ornamental shrubs with large pith in young stems do not require perfect cuts. Shears are convenient for vines and safe, even if cuts are less clean than a knife.
Garden note advises cutting rose stems back to a strong bud after flowers fade to spur new shoots and renewed blooming.
The guide urges spring cultivation with cultivator and hoe to keep bushes clean. First season pruning in July or August to one foot from the crown, with proportional side pruning to yield a strong, healthy bush. failure to prune risks exhaustion and dieback before roots establish. Here is where guidance ends.
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