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Newspaper
Freeport Journal
Location
Freeport, Illinois, United States of America
Date
Jun 26, 1873
Page
8
Guidelines on soil preparation for fruit trees in various soils, drainage needs, and mulch. Instructions cover deep plowing, manure use, root handling, pruning, top balance, and winter trenching to protect trees. Emphasis on dry, well drained sites and preventing root rot.
The article argues saw dust as mulch is easier to obtain and effective, though not as fast as straw. It suggests spreading saw dust thinly around tree trunks, four inches from base, to benefit the tree while avoiding fungus from piling near the trunk.
The Lombard Plum, named by the Massachusetts Horticultural Society after Mr. Lombard of Springfield, is praised as hardy and highly productive. Edward Smith of Geneva, NY, markets it extensively, with five to six year trees yielding about one thousand bushels per acre. Nurserymen A and J Hammond cite its extreme hardiness, while Downing notes open standard culture. Soils rich in loam or clay mix best. salt fertilizer recommended to boost health and deter pests.
A recipe from the Parise Museum garden notes quassia chips and staveacre seeds ground and boiled in water to make a spray. Mix seven pints water with 34 ounces quassia and five drachms seeds, boil to five pints, strain, and apply by watering can or syringe.
Garden note advises pruning roses promptly after flowering. Cut stems to a strong bud to encourage new shoots and renewed blossoms, keeping varieties true to name.
The article advises using a sharp knife for pruning wounds that should heal, noting grape vines suffer little difference in cut type as wood beyond the last bud dies. It adds that shears, convenient for vines, can be used safely on many ornamental shrubs with large pith in young stems, even if cuts are not as clean as with a knife.
Infested rose bushes should be closely watched and pests killed on discovery. If slugs are numerous, spray with whale oil soap water solution of two pounds soap to fifteen gallons, reaching upper and lower leaf surfaces with a syringe.
The Farmers Insurance Journal outlines 1871 turmoil in the insurance market after the Chicago fire, noting many firms failed or crippled, premiums pressured, and fierce competition for new business. It reports executives calling for restored, adequate rates to survive and a Farmers Company advocating caution and strong rates.
Rates remain unchanged as The Farmers Insurance Company declines to compete with rivals boasting higher volume. The firm emphasizes fair pricing and principle, stating no company can prosper without reasonable rates and honest dealings.
A local business known as The Farmers marks fifteen years of operation, highlighting a decade and a half of service in the community. The milestone reflects steady growth and ongoing community support.
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