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This newspaper page contains 23 articles. Subscribers can read the full text of each article.
Newspaper
Fort Wayne Weekly Sentinel
Location
Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States of America
Date
Jan 22, 1908
Page
11
Dr Henry Dwight Chapin, bacteriologist of New York, writes in the North American Review on milk as a food. He details milk’s five forms for calf development, curd digestion, and differences between human and cow milk, stressing cleanliness and cooling to curb bacteria and preserve quality.
The Ayrshire breed originated in Scotland and dominates that district. They are hardy and endure climate changes, small and well formed, usually red with white spots. They produce good milk but not as suitable for butter as Jerseys. suitable for rough pastures and city dairies with breeders in the east offering stock.
A farmer warns that selling hay year after year drains farm fertility. By keeping hay on the farm and feeding it to stock then selling milk butter or beef, the farm sustains fertility and gains money.
The passage argues that investing in calves yields fast returns as a yearling grows into a beef animal. It claims a relatively short period turns hay into money and that after selling, the farm ends up in as good or better condition than at the start.
Envy as a canker harms the soul and livestock. Pure blood in a cow cannot replace feed. A thoroughbred must eat as a scrub. Coarse flour versus fine flour impacts health. Blue blood claims fail in humans as in poultry. Weed control requires constant cultivation across the farm.
A Hancock county Illinois subscriber warns against piling stable manure behind the barn awaiting lime treatment. The column explains lime would hasten decomposition but drain away ammonia, destroying manure value. It urges spreading manure promptly in the fields, using a manure spreader, to avoid losses and waste.
The column argues for small well tilled farms over large weed-choked op erations. It praises a cheerful, duty minded farmer as ideal and warns of farm labor shortages, urging investment in hay loaders, rakes, carriers, hoes and seeders to reduce reliance on hired help.
A reader asks how to care for a brood mare in foal on a small farm. Advice covers winter housing with a warm stable, plenty of clean hay and roots, minimal exposure to danger, and moderate daily work up to a week before foaling.
A reader emphasizes even distribution of manure over soil to avoid waste. A misused forkful creates green patches while surrounding soil stays bare, showing the need for proper application. The writer urges continued focus on manure knowledge until all farmers learn.
A Connecticut farmer fashions a hollow zinc post with perforations so cattle and hogs can apply oil to themselves as a vermin killer. Most farmers find hogs prefer fences or freshly painted barns. The post may not gain wide use though it is being sold moderately. The Agricultural Department has sent bumblebees to the Philippines for cross fertilization experiments.
Advice on farming and cattle care from a rural editor urges proactive cattle management and fresh air for comfort. It champions farming as a viable livelihood, notes milk production as a sign of prosperity, and calls for home county schooling to prepare students for agricultural colleges.
The Oregon potato yield doubles last year and quality is good. Texas county Oklahoma broomcorn will net $400000. Timothy Kay sells in Chicago at $21 per ton, a record. Car shortages hinder shipments. A long-arrival shipment of English horses lands at Pullman. J J Howard sues American Express for $8000 over a hog death. Implement makers warn of shorter credit terms. 23000 sheep from Roswell drive to southern Arizona grazing grounds. Guthrie farmer J C French and wife trek 3500 miles by buggy to Paris Ontario in six months. J Deilman buys 9000 acres near Falfarris to form a cooperative commune. Castor beans and hemp abandoned by Kansas farmers. 750000 crop value from castor beans in 1879. Walker of Howard County Iowa jailed in Mexico for cow mistreatment, sentenced to four years. Night Riders of Kentucky terrorize nonmembers. farmers join after attacks near Hopkinsville.
Farmers are urged to avoid land grabbing and debt for larger tracts. The piece argues small, intensively cultivated farms can be profitable with proper labor and management, while large landholdings struggle due to labor shortages and poor planning. It warns eastern farmers against western expansion fever and stresses improving existing land to raise fertility.
Practical notes urge horse blankets and exercise for horses, keeping sheep dry, sorting apples and vegetables, repairing fences, stop drafts in hog houses, and building a manure shed. Guidance covers feeding hens, indoor care during snow, and using manure on fields when possible. It also questions winter use of time and warns of chapped hands from cold milking.
The article explains how rainfall governs the performance of artificial fertilizers. Solubility and moisture influence outcomes, with nitrate of soda favored in dry conditions and sulphate of ammonia preferred when rains are plentiful. Excess moisture can wash nutrients away, complicating field experiments.
The piece urges dairy farmers to unite to secure fair milk prices, notes farmers compete with railroads and factories, and stresses learning from every encounter. It argues farmers should use their minds as well as hands, stay open to new ideas, and avoid speaking ill of neighbors.
The 1907 cold spell caused widespread peach blight. California station head Ralph E. Smith advises growers to spray Bordeaux mixture from Nov 1 to Dec 15, mix 30 lb blue stone and 35 lb quick lime per 200 gallons, prune before spraying, and repeat around Feb 15 with Bordeaux 20 20 200 or lime salt and sulfur.
Irrigation brings vast tracts of sagebrush land in the San Luis valley into cultivation. A look at sweet potatoes from an average crop shows the profits of 1907 with farmers earning 40 to 100 dollars per acre. Government irrigation work draws East small farmers to invest, signaling wide impact on eastern agriculture.
The article describes using springs and stream water to build spring houses that keep milk cool. It highlights Charles Foss's farm near Cedarville HI where two spring houses maintain about 48 degrees for cream and butter all summer. Foss runs a ninety acre dairy with 1907 production over $2,000.
The article urges farmers to keep deposits in sound, privately managed country banks, arguing cash in banks is safer than on the farm. It predicts a short-lived flurry and notes farmers’ unions in Minnesota favor holding wheat at $1.25 a bushel, flax at $1.30, oats at 70 cents, and hay at $20 a ton according to Minneapolis prices.
Edgar L. Vincent argues that farmers possess practical intelligence and contribute to society beyond supplying food. He cites examples of educated farmer wives and successful children, praising diligent, thorough work, seed selection, soil care, and cultivation. He notes a $150 corn ear achievement in Iowa as proof that hard farming elevates humanity and personal character.
A reader from South Dakota asks if strawberries can grow where snow lingers. The answer suggests mulching with straw or coarse manure to protect plants, noting snow can shield against freezing and prevent smothering if not heaped too heavily.
Mrs R L Spencer of Florida asks how to protect a small hive from ants and caterpillars that rob honey and threaten young bees. The advice suggests mounting hives on legs and placing each leg in a half can of kerosene oil to create barrier islands that deter pests.
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