Burke and Fox Clash Over Bill on Personal Liberty and Treason
Debates on a contentious bill focus on personal liberty, constitutional limits, and wartime exports. Burke argues the bill fits historic precedent and warns against targeting subjects, while Fox and others note parallel penalties abroad and challenge claims of illiberality toward Ireland. The measure passes after a division, 154 to 53, with a third reading and adjournment.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Burke
King
Lords
Commons
Edward III
York
Fox
Carbamptorn
France under threat of despotism sparks counter revolution
London observers warn that France’s present rulers are moving toward tyrannical rule, sowing seeds of counter revolution across provinces like Brittany and Normandy. The piece notes historic annexations by marriage and the erosion of privileges, then shifts to London’s housing crisis with debates on building costs and affordable homes versus luxury developments.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
London
Apula
France
Brittany
Normandy
Versailles
Arit Fight
Drenching unrest as Dutch clergy resist French edict on church plate
Diourizi orders restoration efforts on March 7 provoke evasion of the Edict. Jacobins transport sacred vessels to France, valued at over 1.5 million florins. Dun Jurier’s orders yield only minimal restitution. Count de Metternich arrives as Bourgeoisie rise, dragging royal reception to a frenzy. French troops depart hospitals leave many wounded. Prussian guard reaches Mexem and Cambrugge as Archduke troops advance.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Diourizi
France
Belgia
Count de Metrernich
Low Countries
Prince Charles
French Retrenchment Amid Belgic Operations Near Ghent
A letter quotes General Dumourier defying a six day truce demand and evacuating Belgic provinces. French columns split from Soubise toward Hainaut and Flanders toward Lille, with troops joining at Mechlin Antwerp and Holland. French garrison retreats after burning magazines as Ghent falls, Mons and Valence cited with Imperial forces advancing.
French Retreat After Heavy March Battles In Belgium
Reports from Brussels note daily French troops reinforcing the army after brutal encounters on March 18 and 26. Walloon, Nassau, and Toulans suffered heavy losses as 4,400 French troops and cavalry retreat with artillery toward the frontiers under guard. Archduke Cunerés and Prince of Saxe Cosoure coordinate from Mons as West Flanders towns prepare to be evacuated. Light forces pursue, reclaiming booty and magazines found in Ghent, Tiremonde boats, and Meuse river gains. Prisoners flood in while the Emperor delays Netherlands governance and signals broad changes ahead.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Brussels
Regiment of
Nassau
Antwerp
Archduke Cunerés
Prince’ of Saxe Cosoure
Mons
West Flanders
Belgia
Incomense
Ghent
Tiremonde
Mense
Namur
Netherlands
Dumourier
Afené
National Assembly
Clairfart
Lisle
Paris
Orleans
Nantz
England
Brest
Austrian Armies Report On Namur Antwerp and Halle
Continuation of the official report from Prince Co Bourg notes the army halted as reports arrive of Namur evacuation by the enemy and Citadel abandonment with cannons and magazines. Antwerp capitulation leads to surrender with honours of war, while Detdermonde yields a large magazine.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Prince CO
Bourg
Count de Latour
Namur
Halle
Baron de Mylius
Antwerp
French retreat opens Namur to Austrian capture
At Namur on March 27 the French, after a rapid retreat under Lt General Delatour, abandoned the town including its defenses and citadel. Two hours later Austrian forces occupied Namur and seized 21 cannons.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Namur
Delatour
Antwerp April Clash Yields French Capitulation Near Mechlin
In April near Mechlin, the Vanguard of the Imperial Army and a detachment of the French garrison fought near Mechlin, renewing the assault three times. At four in the afternoon the French Commander was summoned and capitulated, after which the French retired and began to withdraw.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Antwerp
Mechlin
Berchem
Retreating Dutch Army in Meuse Region Described
A Paris correspondent reports the remnants of General Demon grer’s force retreating from Holland after abandoning the country with about 2,000 men and ten cannons. The demoralized troops, led only by a Colonel, lament the Convention and seek a king, while Royalists assume control until Austrian arrival.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Demongrer
Holland
Meuse
Louis XVI
Ostend Letter: Dumourier, Orleanists, and Brittany Rebellion
An Ostend extract from March reports French affairs, Dumourier actions, and royalist reactions. It notes Austrian censorship blocking French prints, Dumourier marching on Paris, the Duke of Orléans’ alleged exposure, and Brittany insurgents near Nantes aided by fears of English support.
Armistice reports and notices from London Gazette April items
Intelligence from General Cuatr Fayt and General Dumourier involvement near Paris. Prussian actions at Mainz Worms Oppenheim and Landau as well as battles around Mayence. Bankrupts and diversions list set for surrender dates at Guildhall and various inns across London. Dividends scheduled in late April and May with multiple beneficiaries and attornies listed.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Babue
Cuatr- Fayt
DuMoyn
M. Boursenvilé
M- Camus
National Convention
Condu
Clairfayt
Paris
Bergen-Op Zoom
Prince of Saxe Conoure
Mons
Dumourier
Highress
Prussia
Rhine
Buchern
Bingen
Creutzenach
Altheim
Neuwinger
Mayence
Wurmser
Manheim
Worms
Oppenheim
Landau
Nathaniel Hail
Gerrard
King’s Bench
Guildhall
Weldon
Furnival’s Inn
James
Mafey
Philip Mafey
Bristol
Hoovers
White Lion
Bread Freet
Attornes
Hill and Meredith
Gray’s Inn
Thomas Bolton
Blackburn
Lancashire
New Black-bull
Lotus
Brackburn
Joseph Boughton
Litle Dean
Gouceit
Bear-inn
Newnham
Gloucester
Lewis
Gav's-inn
Wiliam Avery
Redditch
Worcestershire
Fox and Goose-inn
Clarke
Warwick-court
Holborn
Ames Rogers
White Lion-inn
Broad-street
Aftidmunds
Exchequer-office
William Wilson
Dartmouth
Carrier
Castle-inn
Fuget-Baker
French surrender Breda city by capitulation
An express arrives at nine in the evening reporting that Breda has surrendered to the French by capitulation. Gertruydenburg remains in enemy hands, with indications they are willing to capitulate.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Breda
Gertruydenburg
Surrender of Breda Follows Skirmish With French Garrison
In Amsterdam on April 4, the Breda surrender followed a clash with a French detachment. Prince Frederick of France led hussars and Quant infantry against hundreds of enemy woodcutters. Both sides fired grape shot and fought vigorously before retreating. Thirty chaffeurs and 160 fusiliers fell into Dutch hands, including seven officers, along with their cannon.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Breda
Forest of
Lies
Frederick
France
Our Republic
Breda Fortified Relief Arrives to Replenish Guards
In Briels April 6 report urban pockets display orange streamers celebrating Breda's recovery. A 300 burghers guard Breda beneath the British 14th regiment, but short on numbers for the line. The Swiss regiment's 1st battalion, with geo men, arrived at Schuyts from Bergen op Zoom to relieve the 14th and Helvoet, expected to embark for Bergen op Zoom next Monday.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Breda
United Provinces
Ordle
Schuyts
Bergen-op-Zoonm
Parrison
Helvoetiuus
Bergen op-Zoom
Dumourier orders troop evacuation of the Netherlands
Leyden April 4 report notes General Dumourier issued commands for all troops to withdraw with full freedom. Aimed to prevent destruction and pillage, the move sought Austrian safeguard for Ghent and Tournay against Brabant and Flanders peasants who have risen to resist the French and commit widespread pillage.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Dumourier
Netherlands
Mechting
Auttende
Ghent
Tournay
Brabant
Flanders
Dutch troops in Breda and Gertruydenberg amid shifts in Europe
Reports from Whitehall describe Admiral Garoner's fleet near Brest and British actions in Ostenp with marines disembarked, while Dutch rebels in Breda and Gertruydenberg are deemed troops in France pay. Adayence may align with Prussia, and a revolution in France faces strong critique from the National Convention’s collapse, reflecting wider tensions across Europe.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Secretary of State
Whitehall
Morton Epen
K. B
Berlin
Windsor
Garoner
Brest
Durex
Breda
Gertruydenberg
France
Zinzey- Dorff
Dazton
Repubblicaniun
Also Mentioned on This Page
Goltz
Dutch Brabant
Mexem
Cambrugge
Aréus
Louvain
Saxe Cosoure
Belgic
M. Dumouier
Soubise
Hainaut
Framerie
Valenciennes
Michalowitz
Detdermonde
Ypres
Brus de London
Gazeta
Ann Cheflyn
John Thomas Cheflyn
Aldgates
Thomas Porter Banner
New-court
Allen Rose
Birmingham
Shakespeare-tavern
New-street
Richard Read
Joseph Brown
Fenchurch-streety
John Kent
Gosport
Daniel Kemp
Dover-street
Piccadilly
Apothecary
John Chamberlin
Lambeth
Les Laidley
Duffour’s-place
Carnaby-market
Taylor
Hague
Amsterdam
Briel
Leyden
This is just the beginning! Our collection holds over 300 years of history, including rare newspapers, obituaries, marriage records, birth records, and so much more—most of which you won’t find anywhere else!