Compound fracture types and Gustilo classification
Compound fractures open the skin while closed fractures do not. Most fractures occur in limbs. In North America Gustilo classification grades wounds by size and tissue loss: Grade I under 1 cm, Grade II 1 to 10 cm, Grade III over 10 cm with subtypes A skin coverage, B tissue transplant, C arterial repair required.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
North America
R.B. Gustilo
M.R. Hiller
Karen J. Willingboro
N.J
Fighting infection in compound fractures
Medical readers learn that preventing infection in open fractures is not 100 percent possible but can be improved. Data from studies show infection rates rising to 44 percent in severe wounds, while the Louisville study reports 2.7 percent with targeted antibiotic beads and direct wound delivery plus systemic antibiotics. The piece notes debridement, immediate antibiotics, wound stabilization, and early treatment as key guidelines, plus historical context and FDA prospects for antibiotic beads.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
University of Louisville
David Seligson
Journal of Trauma
FDA
United States
Wingdings controversy sparks fears over hidden messages
Microsoft programmers and the New York Post faced a debate over Wingdings symbols in Windows. Officials stressed no malicious intent after the Anti-Defamation League investigated a skull, Star of David, and thumbs up sequence believed to spell hate.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
WordPerfect Corp
Microsoft
WordPerfect
Jeff Larsen
New York Post
New York City
Anti-Defamation League
Brad Silverberg
Silverberg
New York Times
IBM
Hidden OS/2 2.0 secret screen reveals dev names
Instructions describe editing Excel 4.0 toolbars and a prank secret screen in IBM OS-2 2.0. Holding Ctrl Alt Shift and O triggers a beach picture plus the development team names, showcasing a hidden feature or easter egg.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
IBM
Secrets of secret screens reveal programmer recognition
The piece traces how secret screens in software intrigue users and how programmers seek acknowledgment. Microsoft Excel 4.0 hides a screen found by about two weeks of keyboard work, while early coder Mark Zbikowski embedded his initials MZ in IBM compatible programs.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Shook
Microsoft Corp
Microsoft
Mark Zbikowski
Zbikowski
Brian Livingston
Seattle
Getting to Know Your Breasts Through Self-Exam
Healthful Hints advises regular self breast exams starting early to detect changes sooner. It notes a 10 percent lifetime breast cancer risk, 90–95 percent of cancers found by SBE, and that 80 percent of lumps found are benign. Mammography is best but not perfect, so combine methods. Dr. Frank A. Bures, dermatologist from Winona Minnesota, writes the column distributed in 30 Midwest newspapers.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
American Cancer Society
Frank A. Bures
Winona
Minn
Iowa
Frank
Irene Meagher Bures
Cedar Rapids
Drake University
University of Iowa School of Medicine
Denver
Colo
University of Wisconsin
Madison
Midwest
Bigeye Tuna Heat Exchange Revealed by Telemetry Study
Researchers from the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology tracked bigeye tuna to show their internal heat exchangers keep muscles warmer than surrounding water. The system slows in cold depths and disengages within seconds when the fish rises to warm waters, aiding rapid rewarming and hunting.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
The
Washington Post
Kim N. Holland
Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology
Kaneohe
Poisonous Pitohui Bird Discovered In New Guinea
University of Chicago biologist John P. Dumbacher and Bruce Beehler report the pitohui, a blue jay sized New Guinea songbird, carries homobatrachotoxin in flesh skin and feathers. The toxin, more potent than strychnine, likely evolved independently in birds and Amazonian poison frogs as a predator deterrent.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Boyce Rensberger
Washington Post
New Guinea
University of Chicago
John P. Dumbacher
Dumbacher
Bruce M. Beehler
Smithsonian
National Museum of Natural History
Chicago
Amazon Basin
Also Mentioned on This Page
Health & Science
Uina
Sevin Boyd
Medical Inform
United Feats
Ato AF
Selmay
Vice
Cate
Seligson
American Journal of Surgery
Palo Alto Medical Foundation
Bill Jones
Dr. Bures
Frank Bures
Free-lance
Pitohui
Diet Center
Clair
Sue Meek
1St Avenue
Edgewood Road
Kris McKenzie
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