30 Aug 1945
Page 1
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This newspaper page contains 26 articles. Subscribers can read the full text of each article.
Newspaper
Canberra Times
Location
Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
Date
Aug 30, 1945
Page
1
Tokyo radio reports Premier Kuni blames rapid deterioration of fighting strength for defeat and vows a forthcoming Diet reunion to reveal details. The broadcast lists 536 ultra patriotic members who committed harikiri with 10 near the Siagayama Shrine on June 22 and others at the Imperial Palace and Yoyogi parade ground on August 24.
Secretary Forrestal told reporters Germany led Allies in submarine stealth, wire guided torpedoes, and underwater weapons. He said German advances included rapid underwater endurance, bombs moving faster than sound, and remote guidance by impulses, though lagging six months in mass production of weapons.
The Sacred Congregation circularises Italian bishops to urge voters to defend public welfare and support lists upholding Divine law and Church rights. Vatican circles say the document marks the church’s political liberty under the Lateran treaty with Mussolini.
The Times notes the successful three day air mail from Australia to Britain sparks demand for a Britain to Australia service. It cites Air Ministry control of outward space and Australia Post on return flights reserving freight. Businesses renewing Britain contacts push for a faster link to supplement eight day existing services.
The Swim reports 5 000 of 34 000 American POWs in Japan are sick with dysentery. A Swiss observer traversed Manchuria noting Japanese noncooperation and poor transport. He inspected General Wainwrights quarters in Seihan describing food and conditions as poor.
Okinawa reports President Truman awarded General MacArthur the Distinguished Conduct Medal for directing the Philippines campaign.
Allied forces consolidate in Japan with American Third Fleet observers reporting a large British token force remaining on occupation duties. General MacArthur is urged to consider Jap submarines surrender terms. A mixed group of prisoners and aircrews, including Major Boyington, are tracked as the occupation unfolds under wary, organized patrols.
Taylorcraft Ltd receives permission to build peacetime civil Auster aircraft. The first model will be a three seater costing 825 pounds with a cruising speed of 100 mph, a 250 mile range, and fuel consumption of five gallons per hour.
Rear-Admiral Walker on the Nelson announced a landing at Penang as two task forces move toward Penang and Malacca Straits. Transports aid Allied prisoners of war, while Stilwell presses Ryukyu surrender. Bangkok to Hangzhou airlift planned for Thai prisoners. Singapore orders co operation in aid drops and evacuation, civilians receive leaflets as two Singapore hospitals are reserved for internees.
Tokyo radio says prisoners and internees refuse to obey camp authorities and Japan asks General MacArthur to restore order. Kobe camp unrest grows, food loots occur, and Osaka camp is confused. Reports warn of potential spread to South Korea and urge careful demobilization of Japanese forces. Allied prisoners and civilians set to be evacuated. massive press movement to Tokyo and Manila reporters heading to the signing of the surrender terms near the Missouri. Admiral Halsey enters Tokyo Bay as supplies are requested for the surrender ceremony.
London report notes Dr. Garbett archbishop of Canterbury stated in a Diocesan leaflet that an international organization should be set up to control atomic bomb use and abolish war.
Domei News reports the Japanese government aims for a general election soon on new ideas including freedom of speech and press. Premier Kuni criticized the prior regime’s speech restrictions and signaled dissolution of the Diet, which is scheduled to meet Saturday.
General Wainwright described the Philippines surrender as forced by an inescapable situation. He praised his troops for defending under dismal conditions and said he would not issue further statements until an official report is prepared. Other colonial governors echoed limited details on captivity and treatment.
Moscow says Russian forces with the First Far East Army and Pacific Fleet occupy Shishiry Urup and Uturup in the Southern Kurile group. Over 36,000 Japanese surrender as Isvestia reports Port Arthur base condition and mine locations revealed by Admiral Kabeisa.
The Daily Mail reports empire partners rally behind Britain amid lend lease strain, urging sacrifice to preserve self respect and financial independence. The New York Sun and Journal of Commerce warn of U S missteps and risks to democracy if Britain’s finances falter, urging continued support and stable policy.
New York reports martial law and a curfew in Cochin-China and Southern Indo-China after a revolutionary army forms to push Annam toward independence. Demonstrations spread across Indo-China as revolutionaries denounce General de Gaulle's plan as untrammeled imperialism. A French expeditionary force of 8,000, stationed in Madagascar, is ordered to be ready to depart for Indo-China early next month.
The communist communique says forces entered Shumchun thirty miles north of Hong Kong and are fighting Japanese and puppet troops. Additional clashes reported near Nanking and on the Shantung Peninsula along the east coast.
Australian officials indicate the Commonwealth cannot yet exercise powers to acquire aircraft from current airlines. A nationalized interstate airline plan is being considered but likely delayed until legal and financial obstacles clear. A report by Director-General D McVey is awaited after international data review and market analysis.
The King establishes two medals the King’s Medal for Courage in the Cause of Freedom and the King’s Medal for Service in the Cause of Freedom to recognize pro Allied or other foreign civilians. Courage medal honors those who aided British forces to escape or operate behind enemy lines in occupied territories. Service medal covers a range of civilian contributions. The first service medal goes to Winthrop Aldrich for leading the British War Relief Society in America.
At the Eighth Division annual meeting in Sydney the campaign for a special Star or Pacific Ribbon was urged to honor all men who fought the Japanese. Secretary W Duncan said he had contacted Army Minister Forde and expected a reply within days.
In Buenos Aires on Wednesday the Communist, Socialist, Radical and Conservative parties joined to demand a free national election. They oppose the military leaders' move to install Perón in the presidency.
In Gol Gol near Sydney 1000 police and volunteers search for Valerie Eastwell who vanished from her home on August 15. Police dogs from Sydney joined the effort amid suspicions of foul play, with officials noting she was familiar with the district and may have wandered or fallen into the river.
A report notes DDT dangers including bird deaths while experiments seek to render the chemical harmless to useful insects. Dr Muller reports ongoing tests to reduce toxicity and preserve agricultural benefits.
The British Control Commission says Max Schmeling linked publishing firm will not receive a licence as he is a symbol of Nazism for German youth. Authorities may probe British backing and the firm’s reeducation aims for German youths.
The Murrumbidgee, the second Singapore relief ship, will sail tomorrow or Friday with 9,000 tons of cargo. It includes items to establish a reception camp for repatriated prisoners of war and avoids shortages. This is its maiden voyage outside Australian waters. Three hospital ships moved into Nagami Bay last night to evacuate Allied prisoners of war, estimated at more than 36,000.
Police in Paris detain 35 suspects in a vast currency conspiracy worth about 100 million francs. One suspect fought Police at a Paris suburb home and was found with 37 000 pounds of francs in a garage.
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