Huerta Refusal Strains U S Demand During Joint Session
President Wilson seeks authority to use armed forces to compel Huerta to recognize U S dignity without asking for militia powers. Senate and House approve militia in regular army for wartime use. Torpedo boats sail to Tampico as Congress to convene for a presidential address. Public demonstrations flare nationwide while Texas troops stand on standby.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
Wilson
Congress
Huerta
United States
New York
Denver
Huerta Refuses Salute Offers Conditional Return
Washington April 20 Huerta refuses to salute his final word was an offer to salute if the United States would first agree in writing to return the salute afterward. To agree would be recognition of Huerta. President Wilson told Charge d Affaires O Shaughnessy to urge all Americans to leave Mexico.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Washington
Huerta
United States
Wilson
O'Shaugnessy
Mexico
Wilson says no war with Mexico mission to Congress
The White House stated today that there will be no war with the Mexican people. President Wilson will go to Congress to seek approval for plans to meet a special situation, emphasizing friendship with Mexico and seeking a peaceful path unless Huerta acts wisely. He warned newspapers not to misread his stance.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Washington
Mexico
White House
Congress
General Wood to command if war comes
Secretary of War Garrison says Major General Leonard Wood will lead American forces if war begins. President Wilson is greeted by cheers on his return to Washington. Army officers claim a formal declaration of war is unlikely as the United States does not recognize Huerta and does not expect his resistance.
Texas units ordered to Galicia voyage with Mexico readiness
The Second Division trained to Galveston then split actions with part sent to ships for Mexico and another portion marching back. Officials aim to keep troops ready for dispatch on short notice as orders arrive from Washington.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Texas
Associated Press
Houston
Tex
Galveston
Mexico
Washington
Huerta Urges Calm in Mexico Amid Protests
Mexico City dispatch reports President Huerta advising calm and restraint to avoid demonstrations against Americans. The report notes many Americans will remain in the capital unless Mexicans order them out.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Huerta
Associated Press
Mexico City
President seeks Congress powers for Mexican seizures
Washington reports the President's message requests authority to seize Tampico and Vera Cruz, seize Mexican gunboats, seize the Vera Cruz railroad, and likely appropriation of expenses for these measures.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Washington
Congress
Tampico
Vera Cruz
Birmingham Carries Aeroplanes To Tampico Action
Pensacola Florida April 20 The cruiser Birmingham the fastest in the navy is carrying aeroplanes and will reach Tampico before any hostilities begin so the aeroplanes can be used in scouting.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Pensacola
Fla
Birmingham
Tampico
Mexico City Watches Washington as Huerta Deliberates
In Mexico City on April 20, Huerta appeared indifferent to the crisis while Americans await his final reply. He spent several hours last night listening to the band as Washington news loomed over the capital.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Mexico City
Washington News
Huerta
United States
Wall Street journals read Wilson action as intervention
New York reports dated April 20 say British newspapers view President Wilson's action as intervention in the war, signaling a shift in stance. The dispatch notes Britain and allied observers interpreting the move as a direct engagement stance.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
New York
Wilson
Congress Split Over President's Huerta Policy
Republican Leader Mann will vote against using armed force to compel Huerta to apologize. Representative Underwood says Congress will back the President after a conference with Speaker Clark. The Navy has chartered the steamer Mexico for a Tampico refugee relief, and Bryan says Carranza and Villa pose no expected complications. Huerta's latest offer repeats prior terms, the U S declines without a salute agreement.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
Mann
Huerta
Underwood
Clark
Congress
Cabinet
Navy Department
Mexico
Bryan
Carranza
Villa
Charge d'Affaires
O'Shaughnessy
United States
Mexico Refuses Unconditional Salute to US Flag
Mexico’s foreign minister Senor Portillo vy Rojas said the United States demand for an unconditional flag salute cannot be met because the Mexican flag was not saluted at the launch and the marines were released before inquiry. He proposed that both flags be saluted, with the American flag first, then the Mexican flag.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Mexico
Senor Portillo Vy Rojas
United States
Protocol Row Sparks Diplomatic Tension Between Nations
The piece notes a protocol signed by American Charge d Affaires Nelson O Shaughnessy and Mexican foreign minister. The U S refused permission for O Shaughnessy to sign and demanded an unconditional salute from Mexico, which Mexico deemed incompatible with its dignity. The stock market reaction was not affected by the crisis.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Nelson O'Shaughnessy
United States
Senor Portillo
O'Shaughnessy
Mexico
England Sees Intervention Over Mexico Dignity
The London dispatch reports Mexico yielding as far as its dignity allows and trusting in the justice of the American people. A referenced remark calls out Yankee bluff as events unfold. An AP report notes Eagle Pass Texas as a further location in the coverage.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Mexico
Piedras Negras Federals Jubilant Over Huerta Bluff Call
Piedras Negras Federals posted bulletins rejoicing that Huerta "called the Yankee bluff" amid the latest cross border tensions. The tone reflects local war reporting and community sentiment toward the Mexican stance.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Piedras Negras Federals
Huerta
Yankee Bluff
US Commander Orders Harbor Evacuation At Vera Cruz
Commander Hughes of the United States fleet directed General Maas and the port commander to clear all merchant ships from the harbor. All Americans and other foreign women were urged to seek refuge aboard the ships.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Vera Cruz
Mexico
Hughes
United States
Maas
Mexicans Gather in City After Sudden Crisis
Mexico City residents reacted with surprise and gathered in groups across the capital to discuss the developing crisis as news spread from the Associated Press report dated April 20.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Mexico City
Wilson Seizes Tampico Threat Over Huerta Surrender
President Wilson threatens seizure of Tampico and Vera Cruz unless Huerta salutes the flag. Fleet moves toward Tampico as Congress weighs possible intervention. Departing ships and a Pacific naval demonstration signal rising US pressure amid constitutionalist victory reports.
Mexican gunboats depart Tampico as U S fleet stands firm
Washington reports the gunboats Progreso and Seragosa sailed from Tampico. President Wilson asserts Mexico did not insult other nations and vows clear U S resolve. Congress appears ready to back Wilson though Mondell and Works urge restraint over enforcing a salute for marines' arrest. The cruiser Cleveland heads to Mazatlan.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
Tampico
Wilson
Mexico
United States
Congress
Representative Mondell
Wyoming
House
Works
Senate
Cleveland
San Francisco
Mazatlan
Militia and Strikers Clash at Ludlow Tent Colony
Thirteen killed and many wounded as thirteen hundred militiamen and deputies fight strikers at Ludlow tent colony. The camp was set ablaze last night after a fierce exchange of gunfire.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Trinidad
Colo
Ludlow
Capt Osman Berry Found Guilty In Loss Of Monroe
By Associated Press. Washington April 21 Capt Osman Berry was found guilty of negligence after the Nantucket sank the liner Monroe with forty one lives lost. His license was revoked.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Washington
Osman Berry
Nantucket
Monroe
Boy Scouts Plan Return After Pond Hike
About twenty five scouts accompanied by Rev. Glenn Flinn hiked to the Old Fish Pond behind College. They camped last night and planned to return this afternoon after an orderly trip with provisions arranged for a good time.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Fish Pond
College
Glenn Flinn
White House wedding set for May 7
The Houston Post notes a White House wedding is scheduled for May 7 and questions whether Cupid should extend cleanup through June. The piece frames the event as a high profile social milestone with potential housekeeping implications.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
White House
Houston Post
Fletcher Ordered to Seize Vera Cruz Custom House
Washington April 21 Admiral Fletcher ordered to seize the Vera Cruz custom house immediately. Reports say his forces would not be resisted and Huerta’s troops planned to retire to the railway trestle twenty miles west of Vera Cruz. Officials caution the report is unconfirmed.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Washington
Associated Press
Fletcher
Huerta
Vera Cruz
House backs president to use armed force over Mexico
Washington on April 21 1920 the House of Representatives approved a resolution affirming President Wilsons plan to use armed force in response to the Mexican situation.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
House of Representatives
Wilson
Wilson awaits Congress on Tampico and Vera Cruz action
The landing of American forces at Tampico and Vera Cruz was delayed while President Wilson awaited congressional approval. The House passed a resolution endorsing the use of armed forces and the Senate postponed action until today due to objections to the form of the House resolution.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Br
Washington
Tampico
Vera Cruz
Wilson
Congress
House of Representatives
Senate
House
Patriotic demonstrations erupt as flag appears in Chicago theatres
In Chicago on April 21 patriotic demonstrations erupted when the American flag appeared. The crowd reacted with a fifteen minute display of enthusiasm across multiple theatres.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Chicago, Il
Plan to Seize Million Rounds Aboard Ypiranga
Washington officials said they would seize several million rounds of ammunition on the steamer Ypiranga due at Vera Cruz. The shipment includes machine guns ten thousand rifles and fifteen million rounds. The action aims to pressure Congress to back the President and may proceed without delay at Vera Cruz customs.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
Administration
Huerta
Vera Cruz
Congress
Vera Cruz Custom House
Navy Officials Move Ship Arms Shipment During Salute Quibble
Navy Department officials stated Orta feigned a salute dispute to delay approving the joint resolution and expedite arming a shipment aboard the Ypiranga. Admiral Fletcher was informed immediately. Two hundred field cannon are included in the cargo.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
Navy Department
Orta
Fletcher
Senate
Americans Ordered To Leave Chihuahua City
In Chihuahua Mexico on April 21 officials from Washington ordered all Americans to depart as a precaution. Six American women left the city last night as part of the evacuation.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Chihuahua
Mexico
Washington
British Press Mostly Supports Wilson Stand
London reports that on April 21 the British papers generally commend President Wilson's stand, signaling broad editorial approval and backing from observers in England.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
London
England
Wilson
Heywood Threat Not Sedition Says Analyst
New York April 21. The claim by William D. Heywood head of the Industrial Workers of the World that he would shut all U S coal mines in a war with Mexico is deemed not sedition by officials and observers.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
New York
William D. Heywood
Industrial Workers of the World
United States
Mexico
A. and M. Man Goes to Brazil
T. R. Day, class of 1902 in A. and M. College of Agriculture, has been appointed agricultural commissioner for the Leopoldena Railway Company Limited of Rio de Janeiro. The Rio de Janeiro commissioner sought a recommendation from B. Youngblood, Texas A. & M. Station director, who suggested Day.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
A. & M. College
T. R. Day
School of Agriculture
Leopoldena
Americans Flee to Shelter in Vera Cruz Harbor
In Vera Cruz Mexico on April 21 crowds of Americans departed Mexican territory seeking refuge aboard ships in the harbor, amid mounting concern over safety and political tensions in the city.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Vera Cruz
Mexico
Mexican unity urged against common enemy in El Paso
Readers report in El Paso on April 21 that Chihuahua and Paso clubs show sympathy for Mexican unity against the American blockade. Rebels resist Huerta’s forces and leaders expect cooperation to push back the blockade efforts.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
el Paso
Tex
Chihuaua M
Huerta
Amerion
Oehuahua Clubs
Atl Paso
Mexican War Minister Blanquet Says Reserves Will Be Called If Needed
In Mexico City on April 21 General Blanquet stated that reserves would be mobilized if necessary and that every citizen in Mexico would be called to service in due time.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Mexico City
General Blanquet
Mexico
War Dept to Deploy 23 Revenue Cutters for Mexican Coast Blockade
Washington reports the War Department plans to use twenty three revenue cutters to enforce the blockade along the Mexican coast starting this spring writing in April. The move aims to tighten control over maritime traffic and pressure to restrict enemy supply lines.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
War Department
Senate Deliberates on Use of Force Resolution
The Senate opened debate on a resolution authorizing the President to use force without rush. Senator Works proposed a measure to accept Huerta’s apologies and end the incident. Secretary Bryan convoked a conference of all foreign ambassadors.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Washington
vThe Senate
Works
Huerta
Bryan
War enthusiasm sweeps country as enlistment surges
The Associated Press reports from across the nation that war fever increases calls to enlist, with widespread signs of support and rising interest in military service among the public.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
New York
Associated Press
Flag torn down in Mexican quarters sparks incident
A Mexican individual tore down an American flag from a building in the Mexican quarters last night in San Antonio Texas. The act occurred on April 21 and drew attention from local authorities.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Pres
San Antonio
Tex
Senate Debate Drags Over Lodge Resolution
The Senate debate dragged as Lodge introduced a resolution claiming insults stem from the President's action. Wilson supporters argued the measure was effectively a declaration of war.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
Senate
Senator Lodge
Wilson
Lodge
Rumors fly about Admiral Fletcher actions at Vera Cruz
Washington April 21 The Senate debated at 5 30 this afternoon as rumors circulated that Admiral Fletcher had acted at Vera Cruz. The reports could not be confirmed.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Washington
Senate
Fletcher
Vera Cruz
Mexican diplomats urged to tell citizens to leave
In Mexico City on April 21 Chargs d Affaires Nelson O Shaughnessy calls on all Mexican capital diplomats to advise their countrymen to depart Mexico amid rising tensions and safety concerns.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Associated Press
Mexico City
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Hampton Roads
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Berry
BOY Scouts
Deize Custom House
France
Paris
Chicago
TIME
British Press
Brazil
U. S
Admiral Fletcher
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