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This newspaper page contains 11 articles. Subscribers can read the full text of each article.
Newspaper
Bloomfield Democrat
Location
Bloomfield, Indiana, United States of America
Date
Jan 20, 1893
Page
4
Practical farmers learn drainage basics from Country Gentlemen. Drains are spaced about two rods apart, each pulling water from a one rod wide swath on both sides. An acre in a two rod wide strip yields about two rods long. Tile size depends on land slope and volume. A 2 inch pipe
The text explains tile slope requirements, descent rates, and pipe sizes for drains in stratified soils. It notes that rough surfaces reduce discharge, that multiple branches count as a single drain, and that soil type and rainfall affect drainage efficiency and crop benefits. It advises using a level and pole for measurements and considers soil stratification, porosity, and field observation in determining drain density.
The article explains drainage in soil types, noting top ditching differs with stratified versus unstratified soils and that slope is crucial for tile sizing. It also offers a simple milk sterilization method boiling in a flask with cotton and reboiling next day for extended keeping. Cotton area and cotton production data for Oklahoma 1889-90 are given, with Greer county disputed.
The author compares underground bee cellars to above ground pits. He notes a 24 by 6 by 7 foot chamber with multiple doors and anterooms to create dead air spaces. Ventilation trials were abandoned after finding better stability with earth walls. Sawdust is used monthly to control moisture and odor from deceased bees. Dr. William Horne favors cobble or brick floors over earth.
The Vermont state board of agriculture reports in 1891 a total of 1,764 farms sold in the state, of which 292 were abandoned farms. Most buyers were young men born in Vermont who believed farm life locally could yield better homes and a fair living than moving west.
Poultry notes advise selling late season turkeys promptly and limiting whole grain in feed. Keep eggs by not allowing roosters with hens, and use unmarketable beets and root crops as poultry feed. Dry, mud free yards prevent disease. provide a dry place to run and roost. Charcoal can be made by burning ears of corn in the oven for quick fuel.
The British Museum houses hundreds of Egyptian mummies from all dynasties including Mykerinos the Fourth Dynasty king builder of the third pyramid at Ghizeh. His headless mummy was found in 1836. the stone coffin was lost at sea and recovered after two years. Elsewhere a signalman in Italy enjoys easy, married life with his railway cabin home and a daily wage of about a franc and a half. The Halieutica by Oppian, dating to AD 198, is cited as ancient fishing lore with other pre Christian era writers noted by Atheneus.
The article describes Mr. G. M. Doolittle's experiment in wintering bees underground. He dug a shallow eastern knoll hollow about ten feet deep and nine feet wide, first using a boarded roof then walling with stone and mortar, covering with three feet of earth and a larger roof to keep it dry.
A historical note discusses why seawater remains salty, detailing chemical bases like soda and magnesia, the role of soluble chlorides, and the presence of trace metals. It explains river drainage, evaporation, and how lakes such as Aral, Caspian, and Dead Sea illustrate salinity buildup, linking ocean salinity to geological time and evolution.
Trustees Moore Spainefower and Torten announce weekly office hours for Cass Smith and Taylor townships Greene County Indiana. Meetings will occur at residence or office by schedule for township business. only legally allowed transactions will be conducted.
Train timetable fragment lists routes and stations including Bedford, Bloomfield, Mineral, Dresden, Owaneco, and Elliston Switz City with times for morning and afternoon runs. Rail connections show eastbound and westbound directions with platform stops and AR times in a period-appropriate style.
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