French Defence Principles and Fortified Frontiers
Bellicose observations exhort officers to endure sieges and defend frontier fortresses with courage. Mentz and Valenciennes cited as proofs of determined resistance, while nature and rivers stand as potent strategic bulwarks for the Republic. Bernadotte reports captured prisoners and artillery after a St Plomb maneuver, with passes open to Milan and Piedmont.
Parallel trenches advance near Mantua under Kray
In the night from the 1st to the 2nd, General Kray reports progress on the principal attack against Mantua. A heavy artillery fire followed as works were completed and parallels extended toward Osteria alta and the Belfiore ravine. The bombardment continued with two deaths recorded for the day, while fortifications gained breadth and new batteries prepared.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Pienza
Coure
Kray
Mantua
Polla
Osteria-alta
Belfiore
Expulsion of French from Naples and Royal Resttlement
An eye witness report from Naples on July 14 details Ruffo and 30 000 Calabrians aided by Corfu marines driving out the French from Naples. The city endured massacres and cruelties as Jacobins were executed or dragged through streets, while English and Ruffian forces tightened siege at St Elmo. Terms offered to Patriots led to a disputed amnesty and embarks for Toulon were halted by Lord Nelson. The siege ended with a costly bombardment, the French expelled, and the King restored though Calabrian violence lingered.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Naples
Ruffo
Corfu
Ferdinand
Macdonald
Salerno
St. Elmo
Castel Neuvo
Castel Novo
Robult
Ponte Maddalena
Palermo Bay
Englis
France
Feas
Foote
Sea Horse
Toulon
Lord Nelson
Lord Keith
Bay of Naples
Hallowell
Tiorfe
Messina
Minerva
French Fire Battles South of Italy Even as Lands War Rages
Gen Melas reports progress on fortifications and batteries around a coastal stronghold. Bellegarde demands surrender. defender vows to resist, shelling continues. By morning, more trenches and traverse lines are re established, eight killed and two wounded in 24 hours. Rumors say Macdonald's army retreated toward Genoa, French and English forces clash along the Riviera with shortages and desertions reported among Piedmontese troops.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Lifle
Mentz
Thionville
Landau
Maubeuge
Valenciennes
Dunkirk
Khel
Huiniguen
Vauran
Cohora
Nature
Republic
Sparta
Bernadotte
Melas
Bellegarde
Gardan
Italy
Leghorn
Florence
Pistoia
Lucca
Macdonald
Moreda
Genoa
Mall
Riviera
Reggio
Also Mentioned on This Page
Vevay
Switzerland
Saint Plomb
St. Ploiid
Jureau
Valais
Sc. Piomb
Great St. Bernard
Aok
Piedmont
Germany