Weathering and Erosion Shape Earth's Surface
Weathering breaks down rock while erosion moves soil and rock to new locations. Both are slow, lasting thousands or millions of years, carving spires, canyons, cliffs, plateaus, rivers, and caves.
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Newspaper
Medicine Hat News
Location
Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada
Date
Dec 12, 2011
Page
5
Weathering breaks down rock while erosion moves soil and rock to new locations. Both are slow, lasting thousands or millions of years, carving spires, canyons, cliffs, plateaus, rivers, and caves.
Weathering breaks rock through mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical weathering from freezing thawing and physical forces splits rock while chemical weathering alters mineral composition aided by acids and atmospheric chemicals. Biotic weathering involves plant roots and organisms contributing to rock disintegration.
Erosion moves loosened rocks and soil by wind water or ice and shapes landscapes. It can enrich valleys with fertile soil yet also strip topsoil and clog waterways, with climate rock type slope and ground cover influencing rates.
Accelerated soil erosion results from human actions like mining overgrazing deforestation and poor farming. Wind and water erosion move topsoil downhill after land is damaged by agricultural implements a process called tillage erosion. Areas with little vegetation are vulnerable and planting trees can help prevent erosion.
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