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Intriguing 17th Century Naval Ventures and European Moves
Reports from Cadiz and Cartagena detail three galleons attacked by the English last year, with treasure seized at Porto Bello and merchants escaping toward Garbageria. Battles near Oudenard and shifts in Swiss and Spanish affairs frame a broader picture of war, finance, and diplomacy in early modern Europe.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Cartagena
Forte- Bello
Porto Bello
Merchant Amore
Oudenard