Constantine and Its Ancient Fortunes Amid Frankish Turmoil
The article traces Constantine's origins as Carthaginian Cirtha, its shift to Numidia, and its later Roman and Arab rulers. It notes fortifications, promontory siting, and ruins including cisterns and a large bridge over the Rummel. Trade with Tunis, Bona, and Marseilles declined under Turkish rule. plague and war reduced population from about 40 000 43 000 to roughly half.
MENTIONED IN THIS ARTICLE
Constantine
Cirtha
Massenissa
Strabo
Pliny
Hamsah
Scipio Emilianus
Micipsa
Bagrada
Mégerdah
Numidia
Marius
Sylla
Hermpsal
Cesar
Thapsa
Cato
Labienus
Wippo Regius
Bona
Bizacene
Souza
Constant
Deppth
Africa
Kingdom of Africa
Tahurt
Ashyr
Algiers
Central Africa
Belled-el- Gerid
Tunis
Sousah
Quayrouan
Quol
Stora
Royal African Company of
Marseilles
Achmet Bey
Touzer
Tughurt
Quel-el-Keber
Treatment of Catholic Soldiers in Prussia
The article argues Prussia, a major military power, shows religious bias in army rules. It notes Marshal Gneisenau, a Catholic educated by Jesuits, and claims equality of religious treatment is lacking. It describes the Prussian enlistment system requiring most youths to join the regular army at twenty for three years, then two years in reserve, with ongoing implications for faith and duty.
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North America
United States
St. Lawrence
St. John
Nova Scotia
Gulf
England
Mexico
Texas
Republic
Great Britain
Newfoundland
Cape Breton
Halifax
Quebec
Quebec Gazette
Prussia
Marshal Gneisenau
Prussian Army Practices Deprive Catholics of Parochial Care
An 1832 royal order regulates army chaplaincy, revealing stark bias against Catholics in Prussia. Catholics, though 60 percent of some formations, receive no Catholic chaplaincy. Protestants dominate military worship, schools, and official parish structure. Catholics face baptism and marriage barriers, forced attendance at Protestant liturgy, and exclusion from garrison schools, despite calls for civil and religious liberty.
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Landwehr
Prussia
Silesia
Posen
Westphalia
Cleves
Severl
Germany
England
Duke of York
Dudiin Rerietw
Marriages of Catholics and Protestants in Prussia
A Dublin Review summary condemns Prussian law on mixed marriages, detailing 1803 and 1825 provisions forcing children to be raised in the father's or Catholic faith, and cites cases where magistrates varied enforcement. The piece argues state interference in private faith harms justice and notes emigration figures from Liverpool to America.
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Germany
Prussia
Rhenish
Benkert
Sancho
Erfurt
England
Dublin Review
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