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■toUrto Xmte* mm B«f ar.rnar— A Pa Caxdoiu, in t, Ua wm infominiKm un the subject «pr which U interesting, and not to d in works of Mwwf. Th# Haiisciil • for wjar is laHuia nr lakkai*. wh*H»o»-r nil the namm by *bicb it is known iu Mil language* of Arran origin, ancient 4 inriudad. It would. UMnrfore. apprat Um Wester* wori.l got iu first know a of tba article tuna tba ancient Indian in waking Urn Manacrit tongue But a is no word lor sugu in aaoirat Hebrew at, pra—mably, this knowledge had not nod ao Car waatward u the Euphrates to time of tbe Jmwimk ooptavity in BabyliMl wo go beyond India, into Bnrtnab, iia-China, eta. we And sugar known by a tty of lumn, wkick. in all probability Meet of tkem. at still older dote. ‘In ig* it ia called penchadara, among tba neoe ky*m, in Cochin-China mi*, among ban an tel*, and by tHe Malaya , tba auger-cano UnK tabu. or Ubu irarr to tko aaoetfcitgi mad# in many a reference, tbe Chinese, it would aeern, not acquainted with augnr-aane in very *e tintea, luit rewired it from tko weat-I about twocenturiaa before the Chriatiaa Dr. Breteekneider ia very positive on point. He slates that lie baa been tin to find any mention of I be anger oane in neat ancient of the Chinrae book a (the Claaaica). Tl»e first notice at it occur* t 200 H.O.. and (be oarlieat deacri|tiion ren iu the Ckinooe work written some aia itriea later. It la atatcd that, A.P., 286, Mate at Funan, beyond the Gangra. paid i to in aogor to Um Km perm of tliina ; o Chinooo Kmporac wbo reargued front ., 627 to 650, sent o functionary into .ia now Bekar to learn tbe art of making r. Tbe sugar-cane baa nevar Iwen found in India, but louioiro (Floiv do Cochin « at*tea Uutt it grows wild abundantly whiaChiiia, and also, but loaa abundantly e adjoining part* of Chino—a statement li appears to have boon overlook ad. on tbia and o variety of other argu-m, Professor la Condoll# infer* that the i-oano waa originally a native of the « extending from Cochin-China to Ben-tnd tliat iu oultivation |»rubably l«*gan cliiit China, extending to ludia, and from t to the westward The Grraka ami ana bad only a hearsay knowledge at the uodity. • The Haracena in tlie middle carried the angnr-osna into Egypt. Sicily, -ha aoutfa of 8|«ain, whom it waa largely n until aup|laiite.i by the Hpenish niea in the New World. Don Henry rd it from Hicily Madeira ; from Madeira a intoduoed into tba Canaries in 1503, thence to Brasil at the beginning of the ontli oentury. It waa introduced into Domingo in 1520, and aoon afterwards Mexico ; into Ouadalonpe in 1644 , into iniqua aliout 1650, and into Mauritius Bourbon when the first French aettle-. waa mada there.Federation* Argus' in glorifying the lo'tur* of the N. J. llrewn, Minister for land* in ■ania, delivered in Hobart on Fridsy thus decides the question of federation : [t ha* been left, after all to Victoria to the lead. New South Wales, though her ament has been in session the whole not having found time to deal with the Perhaps this is for the l«eat, aa tlie ral Council Bill will be forcibly advocs-ert, and the entliuaiaam with which it ia rd may be infectious. Of the adhesion mwnsland to tlie cause we seem to »*■ Tbe aupnort of Hout.h Australia ia mod upon, W stem Australia ia counted certainty, and Tasmania ia a fast ally, future of New Zealand is no easy foie-but the twin island state could come the union any time. The doubt is about South Wales. Will or will not the usiaa of provincialism overcome broad ptiam there t The delay which baa n place looks aa if the premier aaw ulttee in hia way. Mr. Stuart's own a are sufficiently pronounced, but lie a to be Ud by tbe Houaa rather than to a leader, and the press remains nereis y hostile. To start with all the colonies ia mainland but oae would not, however, bad beginning. And we may hope that i New 8outh Wklea realists that the Nnant is a national impulse, and net a •rian trick, aha will elect to stand hand md with b»r siaur.Ail—II— INumb4«.loiroa are known to exist in considerable ititiea in various parts of Australia. In South Wales their existence was diw red eo far hack aa 1851. bet little notice taken of the fact. In 1867, numerous aria were found by gnld-digger* in the gee district, and in 1860 diamond work-res oom manor d in a systematic manner, riehret finds of diamonds have, however, at Biugers, where, during the last Un li many hundreds have been discovered pumatsnoe which has led to e firm of md merchant* commencing working it ions on a more extended scale. The itioni under which the Bingera diamond* ibtained are much the earns as at Madge* * tbe gems are procured from outlier* of Id river-diift, which had been in parta toted from denudation by a capping of , compact haeall Thia drift ia made ep ly of boulder* and lobbies of enarta, r, agate, quartxite, flinty aUte, ailloified It mate, sandstone, and abundance of ■ sand, mixed with more or lem clay, nonda are also found in other parta of mkrny. From tlie BoraJi tin mine, dtu-in the jenotion of Cope's Creek with tbe dir, 200 were obtained in e few moniha. of a batch of 86, averaging 1 oarat 1 grain r the Largest weighed 5.5 grains. Dials have been found on moat at the rial tin working at Cope's Newstead, stable, aM| Middle Creeks, also in the ifer, Ruby, and the Britannia tin mines, also where. In eolour the die moods vary » oolourlam and traiuqsuwnl to various •a of straw-yellow, brown, lighbgreen, blsok. One of a rich daik green waa d in the form of a flattened hemitro|ltdron. The most oommon crystalline mi whish hsvd been met with are the______ ______ , tbarhombic iln decs bad row, tba triakis and hexaki. octahedron, bat tbey are ell usually more or lem rounded. Tbe flattened triangular hen. iteope crystals' era very ooommi. lt;tne specimen of the deltoidol doderabedron. war luet with The bistre ia usually brilliant or adamantine, but nneaaaionly tbev have a dullTba want of luatew ia not due iting of foreign matter, or to the earn.-causa aa Um dullness of Um bard and water worn crystals, but it ia due to lb* suifnoe being covered with imiuaterahi* edges and angles belonging to lb* structure of the crystals. These reflect tba ligbl irregularly at all angles, and give tba atone its fronted ap|M*r*oc*.- •Manufacturer’.T«« time. I believe, lias arrived for cane planters to pay more attention that kertofure to the selection of their seed can*.On moat plantations it ia the custom to grind all of tbe brat anna in order to produo* for the present season the largest possible quantity of augur, and leave the poorestC-tion of a ratoon field for aeed to plant.ia ia a mistake, Imcaner under such auspices sugar can* or any other plant uiwier cultivation, will aiui must deteriorate according to tbe laws at nature, be such detei ioiation fast or alow, eocotding to circumstances, it ia nevertheless sure, sad ona ought not to bo surprised at the common cry of teto Our oane ia running out.The exchanging of ered cane between plan-lationa may have provml Iwneftcial in some instances, whilst no doubt it haa done harm in others. Thia is, however, but trying to put off the evil day, for if much depends upon cultivation, everything ilepends upon the quality of aaod in ordas to obtain the result* wished for.The I ii trod notion of aome twenty new varieties of cane fiom Mauritius, which have haen largely distributed among our planter*, will not remedy the evil. Tbeir fate will be same aa that of our well-known kinds, unless proper care is token of then, and in that cane whim varieties may prove to I * a boon to our planters.Every plantation ought to set aside a portion of its beat land and cultivate with the grealent oai»* thv caur needed for seed, which should not only l*» lt;4 the variety heat suited to th district.' Imt a^so of the best stork obtain* hie. It should lie looked after liettrr than any other csne on th* plantation, in order to improve tbe quality, rather than allow it to doterioraUi.A planter with whom I conversed about th** mutter at band, believes that the early Miccesses which attend the cultivation of the Lahains cane were princi|ial!y due to its Iwing carefully raised in nurseries, which was necea wiry at tbe time in order to produce sufficient seed of thia variety for planting.It may be chea|er and in instanaet |»rh«p* preferable for a plan tat ion to aftenrl a sum of inouey annually in purchasing such seed oane aa it needs, if of the kind mid quality desired. In that case there would a splendid opening for some one possessed of the suitable Iniida and energy to cultivate tlir very beat quality of aecd cane in order to supply those plants lions iu need thereof. HhouM this great need not am yet be apjaireut to many, it aoon will be.I have always found that cuttings, roots, and even seeds taken from vigoroua, healthy parent plants, will produce vigor*.us and healthy offspring*, which generally remain so during life, whilst those from neglected undeiwisrd stock seldom im|»rove even under favorable circumstance, buc are more liable to disease or to be attacked by insect*.In Europe and perhaps also in America, farmers, gardeners and others have found it to their'interest to procure tlie |trincip*l |iortioii of seed they need anuudly from reliable nurserymen ; those seeds having continuously proved to bring abou* bettor results than those raised by themselves.The oultivatkm of sugar oano is not much different from that of |lt;oUloe*. and until the last quarter of a century very little attention waa paid to their cultivation aa far aa selection of seed wax concerned ; in fact, those potatoes which were net worth |aiding, were picked out for aoed year after year. The result of it was. that the crops of thia most important food failed. A disease, unknown during the flrat few centuries after its introduction into Europe, made ita appearance and many fanner* seriously contemplated abandoning tbe cultivation of the potato altogether. Thia was about thirty yesra ago; but since then much haa iieen dona to ini-(•revs the itoUtoea. It again yields good crops and the dianaan which effected them and made them unfit for human food has dia-appearad ; but tha only way thi« change could have been brought al*out wax through high cultivation and careful selection of the seed. At the present day thia ia principally done by nurserymen, who makes it a business to mix# and collect aeed for foreetcnlture, agricultural and horticultural purposes, to »wp|4v the market.—A. Jxo» in ' Mackey Standard.'William Braoh lame no time without tralning^or the great event in August. He took up hix residence on the Parramatta last Wednesday to pre|*r* himself.The renowned Fish River Cave* are to be known in future aa the Jenolan Gave*, that being the uam* of the |*riah they are in. A aura of £2,000 ia to be placed oa the Ksti mates to make tha road to them fit for traffia.An Athlotio Glob ia boinx formed in Casino, they meet on tha lost Wadnaoday in thia month to adopt rules and elect the first officer* ami committor. It is probable the inaugural sporta will ha held ou November 9, to in cl ad* a handicap foot race tor £90, besides other liboral priaea.Flash beef is being sent to Sydney from the Mac)cay during the winter meotha. .From Glen rook Plain, Macleay, a sample of five oobe of oorn measured 10 inches in length and between 8 and 9 in drcumfrrrnoe at the butt, and hava a small oork with a corresponding depth of grain. Tha corn stripped from on# oob weighed exactly 19 ounces.Tha total number of postal cards Issued in thia oolony last year waa 259,400. |
Newspaper Details
Lismore Northern Star
Lismore, New South Wales, AU
Wed, Jun 18, 1884
Page 3
Full Page
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USA 15 Jul 2024
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