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X.1THE llOlY PLACES.KKthes in:i«oeur-nrvonilew*s.it r.v.?o.CYwiy: 00.heref this mter-madenlt;OKKu ith w ro*v(JttrA't»lt;] of.mnty - iSitr-1 Co.. i' andntoh.er atRtf,1 inrvOllK i 4. tmilno byi DrugThd Boston Daily Advertiser translates from a recent nuttibev of the Courier des Etuts Unis an account of the consecrated places at Jerusalem, which for ages hare been held in veneration and honor, and now seem to form the pivot on which European policy is turning. It is interesting^ to know the former and present state _ ot these places, which history and tradition have associated so intimately with the events of our Saviour:“There are holy places not only at Jerusalem'around the Divine tomb, which torso many ages has been the object of theveneration of Christian nations, but also atNazareth, at Bethlehanyvt Siehem, at Cana at Tiberias, at Mount Olivet, at Gethsemane, at Tabor, at Sebasta, Of these sanctuaries several have perished from the effects of time* and it is only in the midst of heaps of ruins that pilgrims come to seek these pious memorials. Thus the church whichSt Helen caused to be built about Jacob s well at Sicncin, where Christ talked with the Samaritan woman, offers nothing to the eye of the beholder but a piece of wall and so mo fragments of Columns.‘•The same fate has fallen upon the churchof the Transfiguration on Mount Tabor,“Moreover, the Musselmen have taken possession, either by cunning or by violence of some of the sanctuaries not less renowned in Christian antiquity. The church of the Presentation, built by the Emperor Justinian in the enclosure ot the Temple, was invaded by the Musselmen, who made a mosque of it. They preserved there, it is said, a statue of the Holy Virgin, and celebrate, as wo are assured, a public fete m her honor. The Musselmen have also seized upon the church of the Holy Apostles on Mount Sion, which was built in the fouitecuth centurv, in the most beautiful irothie style, by the Franciscan monks, by The aid of subsides from the King of Sicily, Don Rancho. This convent of the Holy Apostles was in high veneration, because it contained in its enclosure the great chamber where the Eucharist was instituted, where Jesus triumphed over the credulity of St. Thomas, where the Holy Spirit descended on the Apostles, tho day of Pentecost. The means by which this usurpation was bro’t about deserves to be recounted. A San ton, uMohometan^monh, had often extorted money from the Francis-sean Friers, by threatening them with eon-» » * • '“The Church of the Holy Sepulchre can be entered only ’ bv a single door, guarded by Turkish soldiers, who allow no one to enter without paying a sum of money.--These Turkish soldiers have a divan in the vistibule of the edifice. ^ The products of this entrance money,which amounts annually to about twenty thousand francs, does not go to the profit of the Sultan. It is a revenue allotted to • six Musselmen families who are established at Jerusalem, and who very probably abandoned a part of it to the Tuikish Pacha.“The edifice of the Holy Sepulchre is composed of three churches—that of the Iioly Sepulchre properly so called, the largest and most celebrated, and which is supposed to contain the tomb of Christ; that of Calvary, built on the rock which supported the cross; that of the discovery of the cross, erected on the same spot where Saint Hellen found the instalment of redemption. The church of the llolv Sepulchre has suffered many vicissitudes.-— Founded by the piety of ’Constantine, laid waste and ruined by the invasion of Chos-roes, under the reign of Heraelius, rebuilt by the munificence of Byzantine Emperors aud the gifts of the Popes, sacked by Arabian Kurd Mameluke, and Ottoman conquered, who, fought arms in hand for this holy land, was all but destroyed, from top to bottom, during the siege of Damietta by tho crusaders. Tho Saracens, furious at the troubles which the expeditions from tho West had brought upon them formed the project of not leaving the least vestige of this tomb, this Calvary, these holy places, the eternal object of the veneration and enthusiasm of Catholic Europe.— The prayers and money of the Christiana of Palestine appeased their rage and pveprivilege of keeping lights burning, neither on the arches of tho Virgin. With regardto tombs of the Frank kings, the Greeks have committed the serious wrong of effacing the Latin inscriptions upon them, which preserved the names of the Godfrey de Bouillons and the Baldwins, those valiant and illustrious knights of the cross, whose memory must be ever dear to France, on so many accounts, and who Tested in peace, respected by the Musselmen themselves,near the sepulchre of Jesus Christ.“The claims of the Franciscans then are, at Jerusalem for the possession of the monument of the Holy Sepulchre, the cupola above ‘ it,bfly stone of unction, the seven arches off the'Virgin, and the joint possession of the Chapel of the Cavalry. These are the claims which have been supported by France and Austria, and which have given place oa the pait of tho Divan to contradictory derisions.“With regard to the claims relating to the Church of Bethlehem and the Church of the Tomb of the Virgin at Gethsemane, this latter sanctuary belonged, from time immemorial, to the Latins. Other communions had altars there; the Greeks have taken possession of them, and interdicted Catholics from celebrating there the holy mysteries. The Latins protest constantly against these usurpations. The Church of liethlehem was accessible to all communions of Christians, but the Greeks have taken from the Latins the great nave of which they have exclusive possession, the sanctuary and the south transept. The wrongs committed by the Greeks are complicated with a scandalous fact; while fanatical pilgrims weie attacking the French Monks, they stole fiom the altar a silver cross bearing in Latin characters these words: “HocCsup]cut'thehastheSocwhicuplustdislt;iof iisatprt:bythlt;eainechaniw j as j or ; av Ikt Ortfcrlt;XioiPkhrented th is profanation. After so many de°Virgine, Maria, Jesus Christas natusest disasters, the Church of the Holy Sepul- and which was in some measure the visible• p f T V ► * J — — — — -w- aohre still preserves the character of thecure SHU LllUSiJltui — —O , , o , * , r,n „prinmtive stvle employed in its construction, ed to belong to the Catholics. I ho Tran-l . . ?. A.' *n__mow v o -nn that the unnersign of the right of possession acknowledg-siIVcccfit has kept .its massive pillars, its majestic niches, the graceful intereolumnatkm of the Byzantine architecture. The cupola whichki — m ^ 1ciseans renew their claim that the upper , church at Bethlehem shall be restored to them. They still possess the lower churchI i.i i*i1 I 1 . f Ot A.nKncovers the fnonument of the Sepulchre, and and the little chapel of St. Catherine, whichIcIwhich covers the monument of the Sepul chre, and which reminds the beholder of the dome of Agrippa’a Pantheon, is much admired.serves as a passage to descend from aboveto that below.”This account, says the Advertiser, which we have abridged somewhat from the nar-“In the year 1808 a part of this cupola rative in the Courtier des IE tats Unis, is was consumed by fire. Whether this fire probably the Frank side of the question.--was lighted by the malice of the Greeks, or arose from some other cause, it is certain that the Greeks obtained fiom the Mussel-icitorsIV ww 1, r“l,ART-% Snr-lolmy-nnin.od up his prayers. Xotmng xuoro w manv serious cnehroaehmenls. Thenecessary to excuse them for declaring the! ,jres'nfc stato 0f things, and what has ex-place holy and consecrated by the pvesonco c-te(| t|so complaints of our Franciscan of pious Osmanlis, and authorizing them mon^ g]ven rise to the negotiationsto take it from tho Latina. This scene 1 French Government with the Divine* « . . 1 \ . . . • 1 “ft'7 « hrnft .. . . -__ ____W UUS'J Jb nwiu ~ p Ot liie r ieiion \ruvuiuilicilli W1WIit is true, took place in 1527, a short tune Ljates ra]|y from 1808. No Government after the Ottoman conquest. Tho Cunyant .that time has done any thing effectualafter the Ottoman conquest. The Convent g-nco ^ time jias c|one al3y thing effectual of tho Holy Apostles is In a melancholy o1iat)G.c Before this period tho rightspo«iio . \V instate ofiujj q to change ic. neiore uus piuu wv uguyruin ami desertion. Christian pu- ot* t|10 £,atins wore guaranteed by the capife-an visit it by pajing a small ice. ujatj0n of 1740. In 1740 important res-i T .... .. t . _ lt;Art mtrt q I ... •• . i i * J1It is a pity the contending parties cannot agree amicably to “light up” in turn, or a gasometer might be placed at a convenient distance, to be supported by the different ions who were interested, and the light diffused constantly for the benefit of all ,„.ght desire to celebrate their religious services there. It is to be hoped that in this enlightened age of tho world the question may be settled without bringing on a war, and that it may be decided how the holy places shall be lighted without having recourse to the method of settling disputes which prevail in the dark ages.i«‘C MlSl»e-Trnminffinh-THIS.—-Ilotol ........... importantlirs luu^imvii • I ti tut ions had boon wade on tho claims ofmosque the Sanctuary of the Ascension on France to t|lc Cotliolics, who complained rtf ruh-os. The. enclosure ot ............i n,.oAi-cgrnnse .....„ . . wL’Ikj Mu^elmcn have also converted intothethew. ...------ ..... ranee to cue v/owiouvs, wmpe Mount of Olive.-,. I he enclosure ot tjie enc|ir0fichments of the Greeks.e church, in an octagon form and the before the fire of 1808 the Latins pFawny Fer». ________, ;md the “Before the fire of 1808 the Latins possess-Koman stylo, is standing but only Unoe I ej -n Qhul.ch 0f the Holy Sepulchre the metres high. In the center an elegant cd- se.)Uichre aiMj the alter opposite the tomb itis of white marble indicates the place | —^ stone 0f unction where the body ofm ft % ^ Vnygim,Judgo,'Ivunmihop on auctionno duorjoygiuw1 V H -tf J - - — —pairs made upon it by tho mother of Constantine. The church was built by Franciscan Frio s. 2d, at Tiberias, the ancient cl lurch which recalls the vocation of Pcier 3d, the church of the flagellation, restored in 1888, by the Franciscans, and which was erected on tho si to ot tho palace of Pilate. 4th, and last, the grotto_ of the no-ony at Gethsemane. The scismatie Greeks have exclusive possession only of the little church of Cana, in Gallilee, wherethe miracle of turning water into wine wasine the crucifixion; the seven arches of theLIN c., rMvlvoninip07tficitor in vnd Col-oll localis token, feblGER.duiUlin^h*ylroot,LiOOTtf s O era's »rk mtviaiitlo.ju'SSmflUinformu ihat she!NTrocker's3, whoroi Lodio#ino.H#.t HON-'ashiono.on aliorli heforoJ#ftl *hewrought.“The holy places, held in common by Christian communions, and tor which thepresent claims are made, are three: the church of tho Holy Sepulchre, at Jerusalem; the church of the nativity, at Bethlehem; and tho church of the Virgin’s Tomb, Gefch-semnne. We being naturally with the church of the Holy Sepulchre, tho most important and most venerated of the Christian sanctuaries in Palestine.“The Christian communions who have privileges in tho interior of the church of the Holy Sepulchre arc the Latins, the Greeks, the Armenians, the, Copta, the Abysisinians and the Syrians. The monks of these various communions occupy convents about tho sanctuaries, more or less spacious. That of tho Latins is on the north; it is tho most extensive, but theair there is considered insalubrious; theGreek convent, which is smaller, is more healthy and more convenient. That of tho Armenians, at the south, faces, from the other side of the edifice, the Latin Convent; the Abyssinians are near tho Armenians The Copts have their convent at the west of tho great cupola, and the Syrians abide in the Western Apsis. The _ convents are occupied by monks of the different communions, who watch day and night guarding the Holy places. The catholic is represented there by the Francisciam monks, F ranch Italian, or Spanish by birth, who, by their« i t * lt;m ■ ftft A ft M m T*t A I 1*0 r 1 ill till ■Viigiii, contiguous to the Chapel of the Apparition, and tho superb galleries on the north side. Moreover, they held, in common with the Greeks, the chapel of the discovery of the Holy Cross.“The Greeks at that time had possession of the prison wheie Jesus Christ was confined during the preparation for the punishment, the place where he was taken downfrom tho cross, the chapel of Adam, the choir and the sanctuavy of the Church with the eliapel of the discoverey, which they held in common with the Latins. TheArmenians, and Syrians, the Copts, and the other sects hold other chapels which are supposed to cover some spot consecrated in the history of the life and death of Christ. The privilege of possession ismaniffested by the right of placing carpets and keeping lamps burning in the sanctuary. This is the mark of religious property in the East. In certain places, notwithstanding the exclusive right of certain communion^ other nations have a right to light lamps; formerly, on the Holy Sepulchre, forty Jour lampswere kept burning—thirty by the Latinsand fourteen by different communions. _ It was, besides, well understood that pilgrims of ail communions have access to all thesanctuaries.“The fire of 1808, as we have said, was the point when the encroachments committed by the Greeks began. They then took possession of the Holy Sepulchre, the great cupola, the tombs of the Frank kings, and the seven arches of the Virgin. With regard to the Holy Sepulchre, the Greeks do not prevent the faithful from celebrating there the holy mysteries, but they have the care of it, and light the lamps there, which was formerly :the prerogative of the Lfcins. The enjoyraent of the.great cupola is-left free to all communions. But the Greeks claim the right of'possession. The Frenchi , * * i ... i.1__.I,..* nrnorflA Boston correspondent of the Lewis-tOWTlwriteFernhushMercago,pursidrenringltwoyearwestwhohavlt;serepubageidispknopurltainlife,genthelud:afteget.aclt;sheunceardrenoihuSofromeIvvan-brifoidelolt;th-tirchfointoof taoir order*alwb
Newspaper Details
Sheboygan Lake Journal
Sheboygan, Wisconsin, US
Wed, Jul 06, 1853
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Full Page
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GB 11 Jun 2021
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