Page 1 of 22 May 1838 Issue of The Philanthropist in Cincinnati, Ohio

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The Philanthropist (Newspaper) - May 22, 1838, Cincinnati, OhioThe philanthropist published weekly by the Abs to slavery cd a by Corner of main Siim flt Retts Cinci Niwo pm Lio. A opened and continued for Ever if practicable. The manufactory and the farm will go Hind m hand with the school if they can he once a tarted. What say you,fnmd9f a. Waffles. Axxe mix ask my a Thithi doll an if not paid of the year. In on aim Nett should be Dira eted to the up Hing agent those relating to the editorial department to the Finton. To Ait cat pal communications. Re Pirk a Pine Chance for cola it red people of s. Warner. Our readers were undoubtedly Nick interested Ilith the letters of or. Warner published in no. 18 of the philanthropist. The following letter will to that he has Coni Menchl operations. We commend it Roget he with the communication of a wades to the special attention of our coloured friends and of All who feel an interest in their . Phil. _ 1 Mercer co., april 3d, Istl my. Wattles Quot dear s5r,-after i wrote Yon my Husi Hess required More of my personal att Eulion the 1 expected which delayed my journey to the West so that i did not arrive Here to l Satu Nlay evening the 14th inst. My Only inquiry pow is what can i do to promote the interests of the Milored set do a ment in this place. The a Kent of the sett Kment at present would not Niia ill me to put �11 the Means i have into the Eine. However j am uni Ali to cd Landon so important an Enterprise and him ther ombre thought it to get into sonic employment Var the 8eaion by which i Coulett sustain m t family another Yew. The coloured people Liere air to afraid of a Yankee that a cannot do any. Thina a with them. Therefore i wish to know of Doit allow Lilg me improve Merit of a piece Otys a Rland say 20, 30 or 40 acres As i May v Clear. Of my son cores out 1 Thilak we in he Able loft i�>40 acres of wheat 4ty Entong the a mail and deadening the Large Timber a Shemild our terms justify me t wifi commence ironed lately and do Whatt can and Ould the anti Slatery societies of Portage Creanga a id Ashta Hufe counties have the same View of the of this settlement that 1 have there will Liin que ratio a re before a Exi sep in in or year it will be necessary to have the iac8 started. It can be an Dandy supplied it Ood As soon As it starts. The Chol for cloth. A a float Ihms a a Large Section of country i am it use that 1 Emidd. Hud a location much More prom of Fol me but 1 am Veatrous to spend a season to satisfy myself whether the a enter pro be can be or not. At present f cannot see any in samoan tip ble Dif henties if we hut act in unison. I Shau Remyn in this Section until i Aiu a defied that 1 can do no go. Should my family think Benito move Here ire fall we should wish to occupy your House in the Woods till another can be provi or we think Best to abandon he object we have eight children Ai dual have a Good school for them. My own Wisdom a is but fool Liness and therefore i can Only do from Day to Day such things As appear to me to be duty believing that Wilt direct As he will not forsake so Impact and a cause As the sufferings of the oppressed. I shall wait an answer. A in Bonds of affect que yours a Warner. In a Yii tit to t uis letter i have informed brother warn ii we give Hini a lease of 4� acres for ten years a Kelso a deed of two acres. Three coloured men in this City whose lands Comer with mine each agreed to give two acres. 8o that he May Nve a lot of eight acts. One of them also Wum Sac a lot of 40 acre for ten years to him these lot Are Loc Aiad on the Cross roads Lee from what goes before that Fife Ooi ored Matda Grill Sec the Nei Aat for moving ii Ito the Carok Roant As soon As possible for if we shold fail of securing the Advant is which brother Warner Bow holds out it Werbe May a Long year Befu be another such Opportunity offers it is Ems piratical by a god Send to us it a Heidi and where was the like Ever heard of Belzire a Man moving his whole manufacturing Estabr Ament for the purpose of aiding the coloured people in their efforts a Elevation what would be the effect on our coloured population if in every settlement were a carried on by them some profitable brain Cit of Xianu fact ring i leave the answer with you my Breth you have entered ipod a new Era. You so. Silk. Re gives a Bounty on every Ofie Hundred Mulberry Trees cultivated for five years and Fiffy cents on every Pound of silk reeled on an improved reel. I �., Massachusetts gives a Bounty of Teu cents per lb., on cocoons fifty cents per Pound on reeled silk and fifty cents on thro wasting Vermont gives ten cents on every Pound of co Coons raised ? Maine gives a Bounty of five cents on every Pound of cocoons and Fify cents on every Pound of silk reeled it the legislature of Maryland have passed iii act giving a Bounty of one Dollar on every one Hundred chinese mull mrry Trees five years old planted for the purpose of feeding the. Silk worm. They also give a Bounty of ten cents on every poum if cocoons and fifty cents for every Pound of raw Silt peeled. A the legislature of new York have passed a Bill granting a Bounty of ten cents on Ezcry Poyod of cocoon and a fit cents in every Pound f reeled silk. ,. K in the year ending 30th Septemo 1836, the silk imported for Home consumption amounted to #22,186,954/ this can be of supplied by Domestic manufacture As easily As the Cotton Market has been. W. Augusti red Dak suis Wattles addressed the a. S. Soc. At on wednesday last at the close of the my Etmo Corrai times were a a pop bied to Lake up a subscription for the A. 8.and also to collect Money to Demiraj the expenses of the prosecution of the kidnappers of Eliza Lane Johnson. Rev. John Rankin was apr Inte a Del egad to the yearly me etrog. It. Rankin will read a essay we toe varieties of Toft human Raee cause of color. A a. A a. A i Ren. Must do some to done before. Y Send your sons manufacturing Art they will never be caprices of their Warren Chi a o., March 7,1838. Dear sir a on toe 1st of Jaime last the anti slavery a Cir by of Dicks cry ele and Monro was organized by die dec Tom it of off icon a Constitution of the usual kind kind having been previously adopted by the members. Dr., Joshua Stevens of Donroe was chosen Pfest. W. A. Caldwell rec. Sec. And a. Mcpearl Ariev Cor. See. Tie following were adopted Uriani a . 1. Re Sahed that shivery is a great evil moral and political and that the Only just Safe and effectual remedy is immediate emancipation. 2. Meshed that the project of sont Heni slave Homie is to Annex of text a to toe i had states to secure toe As cofidence to slave hold Itig in the councils of the Nati Oit ought to meet with the ,d�8> approbation and opposition of every Friend to the liberties and welfare of this country. 3. Resolved to at the religion which sustains attempts to justify slavery Coit Radits and Dis honors both the Law and toe gospel in amp a Goa upon the authority of god and toe Righta of men gives encouragement to the exercise of the worst passions of human Gatun and to the perpetuation of toe greatest enormities which Spring from them 4. Reached that the late proceed tags in a ton ii., terminating in the murder of toe lamented to Ejoy a discover in a Strong but True Light toe spirit by which slave holders and their Aries Are actuated and show that Uliey will Irot hesitate at toe commission of any crime in up Kirt of their a institution a 5. Resolved that the Freedom of the North cannot consist with toe Severy of to South and that if the slave holding info Uerice imbued Proton a Derall in toe Ultima we have reason to that the it by of petition and the Liberty and of the press will be utterly pro stated. 6. Mesh Lveda thud if is to imperative Andin tos Pensari dirty it Ever to Bear his decided testimony against of american slavery and to use eve by so into iii and Ernst thu tonal Menai its Aittia abolition. At a subsequent meeting toe society resolved to become auxiliary it lab Ohio a s. Society and iii acted that an account of toe formation and proceedings of this society he communicated to the a . A Quot yours respectfully i Quot a a % a a Ai Mcfarlane. Cor. Isec we entertain the Hope that our society will increase in. Strength anti Able to exert a a Alt fire in Fience upon Ploc sentiment in this rag ton. We Are confident that the truth is i a Hing an inclined plane. Its to learn some to a school nod on the whims and for support. Jolove out into the country buy land seek those places a Here you can do Best it or to use a common say it Ltd a go help yourselves a id your friends will like a you the better help yourselves by Merit and a Dusty seek to become honorable by becoming useful change toe occupations of a meiffh4fon 4 f a More respectable Ito racer. No matter if is not 80 lucrative do it for your children for Ymir people for your Good name in the nation. Your character can never be changed till you change it yourselves. Change of character sep poles a. Change of habit Luthge of 1�toa�t, change of feeling and change 3f conto those who Are willing to do any thing May Send word to me at toe anti slavery office. It will soon be known whether your character for Enterprise has been rightly judged of by an observing Community. An Opportunity like the present has never before occur to Abr testing it. Time cannot be wasted individuals must let us know immediately what toy will do. Brother Warner As Well As myself feel be acting some where. If the peo a willing to come for Ward Arm sustain the Enterprise we must go to some other place where they Are willing. I wish do who own 1 in die a element would write let me know How out othere who Eie inter Etc Are requested to make Dona Ona. I have 160 i j v l 1 which Inga Kamiri Zaborac Fuffor Whites. 1 am now a Toat you have Neveri Tod the right however overborne for a time by obstinate pay Judice and sordid avarice will finally Pretell. We a Nib Pate toe fori�ialio�?~6 of a popular. Sentiment which slavery Ito All its Brazen impudence will not be Abler to a of front. Even Toi pro Valoni Jundt Teut of Christendom night to abolish slavery in every state and territory in the Union. This could be effected by the enactment of a declaration Law in pursuance of and in conformity to the 5th article of the Ailien dents to toe Constitution of the United latter part of this article is almost an extract in words and Spiri from the Magna Chartan toe great Bill of England a liberties. The latter part of the 5th article of the Amend intents to the Constitution of the United states says nor shall Etny person be deprived of life Liberty or property without due process of Law a Many other essential rights arc secured in this same article to the citizen As that no person shall be subject for the same of Fence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb and that no Man shall be compelled to be a witness against himself in a criminal Case but the most essential is the one which by bids a any person being deprived of his life Erly or properly Witmond of tip room of that Congress should possess pow to abolish slavery in Tois nation Wito Bat unit Ariot 4� to Daee May be startling to some As a new proposition especially Asil has been admitted in the Constitution of toe american anti slavery a society that Congress did not possess toe Power Over the slave states. It is humbly submitted that this admission was Roade by toe Parent anti slavery society in Ita con tip iii ii and by Many constitutions of societies Sii is imitators of the Parent without bestowing upon the sul Jeat the amount of investigation which so solemn a subject demanded. That Constitution though framed by some of the Best lands and hearts in this land yet it Muat to remembered was made in tto infancy of. This Lily Reto Marioi to when toe great que ens Ich have since lib in so ably a focussed fad Ikney been grazed by the inquirers after truth. But after unless slavery has corrupt of our language so far As to make it a Spalter in a double sen and while it keeps the word of pro raise to tie Law it is meant to Bruak it to the Hotow a us Lead it Hii changed Tou punitive meaning and it out the Veryk Arf and soul of words of toyed and understood As having certain and Jedi ideas which the words represented from the Days of ring John n the Vale of Runney Meade to the Day of the Inai adoption of the Federal Konsti ution then can we Haie no doubt that every human being in a this Union Black or White Bond or free has inva Nable blessings Emirto to him by toe fitly a tide of toe Amend evils to to constr totem be sturdy Barons and Wise men of eng met compelled a volatile King to subscribe Magna Charla 500 years ago containing top words of our article and from that Day to tots every englishman and Amirian Las claimed the invaluable i a Noite a i of no person Shodd be Der veil of his life Liberty or pro a Lam a a As a part of now is strongly Londei Naipi of the we pred and Hairm cd. Practice of american slavery very has succeeded itself with an atm sphere so Polf ted ail Toslin Linti that f Liberty sickens a d Dies within its kits. But As we ils cede from a a Rte Region ipe find Thal the atmosphere titular but not to exclude ready it to any society that will Austain a rep Mican manual labor school upon it. If frien. Of a coloured people or dieted a pie Aem Elres win Aid in erecting suitable bags a school of the character specified will be and noxious. Sqq Alitia Len of from. Can Rve we Bir Eatoe and Justice and religion can utter iii indignant tones Toek reprobation of the unchristian nil a Pharous custom of slave Hotd inf. A. Kcf. i Igi a tri Aili at �-8 Lave by. Psf a a from the Frt Emtin Argubie opt. On the Subj a it of slavery delivered before the new work stale convey a in at an Jfhn Tufts sary meeting of the new a Ihrk sme ii Nii so i very society.2flth september 1837. By Al Van Stewart esq., of Utica. The argument appear ii to toe convention of to open a new and most highly important View on toe subject of slavery to convention in consonance with the wishes of or. Stewart without expressing an opinion As to the correctness of the augur sent ordered the same to be referred to the Meeng of toe Parent society at its anniversary in May next for further consideration and that m toe mean time the executive committee cause toe same to be published so that it it ghz pass through toe ordeal of consideration and discussion before the same should he permanently adopted if found Correct. The argument. Congress by the Power conf ended on it by the Constitution possesses the entire and absolute or veil of site Procci Perty with id due process of Lis inheritance acid Birthright. A the first inquiry we shall Institute is to know what is mount by the words without due process of. for it is important to know what that a due process of Law can by which has Power to deprive a Man of his life Liberty or property. And on this subject is it believed no lawyer m this country or England who is worthy of the appellation will deny that ii True and Only meaning of toe phrase a a Frie prices ref fro in to iat dict ment or presentment by a grand jury of not Ess than twelve Hor More than Twenty the Etoen and a on the finding of that Ury by to our judge Story in Haj foramen tries upon the Constitution of the United states Page 663, speaking of this sent fice of this article of the Bays a that the other part of toe Cluwe is but an a enlargement iof the language of Magna Charta Nec super Eum i Imus Nec super Eum Dittimus Nisi per Legale Judi cum barium shop rum Vel per Lem Terra neither will we Perril to Poi him or condemn him but by the div fun judgment of fad Peers or by the Law of the land Kumhi Coke says Liat these latter words per Leger Torr a by toe Law of the and i in an by a due or peas of Law a that is with out due up sentiment of a fitment and being brought i to answer the Reto by due pro Ceil of Law. So that this Cuie in effect affirms tie right of trial according to process and to feedings of common in Lack this provision is nothing but one of those a priceless in character drawn from the vast i Harry of the common Law. The frail hers of the Constitution fear log and knowing that a different Rule or principle prevailed in some of toe slates in relation to certain of formate pee sops known under the name of slaves dete Muied to incorporate this Branch of Magna Charta into the Constitution As a Tinda Inetal Law of the confederacy believing that 506 years of eventful experience proved its Soun Oss As a chief Cornor Stone to the edifice of constitutional Liberty. Ulper it will remain forever canonized not As a new principle an old one in a �s0av it must not be forgotten that before tie revolution which separated us from the British Empire up. Proviso jews Piade fietween., the colonies of this country for the surrender of fugitive slaves. Neither was Mere anything said on me subject of slaves in toe . Of a confederation ii which lasted a twelve years As to toe restoration of fugitives. Therefore far As the Northern states were concerned in file adoption of the cons Titu Tiofio they assumed a new and Peculiar Ilion ionisation to slavery before the word. The Nohh having agreed to share equal legislative Power with the Sot to in relation to toe District of Columbia and toe territories where Alavo a might be and having obligated themselves though free states to surrender fugitive slaves being thus under toe doable obligation of acting to disobedience to the Plain Tod Unen Tysoal dictates of humanity in agreeing to surrender tha fright Ivy slave or a tiber to a toil a Kim few the Benefit of toe slave Holder and if this Aive toe Standard of insurrection m defence of the most and holy of Humph principles the love of Liberty the Man of toe North Fuit Oer agreed to smother All respect for toe to bitty of toe ask and in Defiance of his conscience go and Peor at blood out to toe suppression of Toat insurrection All of these engage Rte nos in tire part of the Rhian of the North gave Iton full poorer to insist on what forms Shoum be gone through Wito to Oona Mitote and make the Man a save whom he was bound to Kidnap and Pei store to his master and kill on the Field of Battle for Ilie crime of Loving and asserting his Liberty. The Roen of the free states being made partakers in too crime of slavery out of court Cay might firmly As they truly did insist that the con stouton should contain the Only Mould in which slaves should be run and if they were not made in that new add with All its forms they could not exist that constitute Kama Mould was to these words a Ivor Shell any person be deprived of his use a Liberty or property without due process of Law we must bring to the mind in carrying out Ilie True theory of the Federal Constitution at Ita formation that the whole Sovereign people of too thirteen states in Legal contemplation were present acting in one vast assemblage or body where every thing was understood and discussed bearing on the great subject under consideration. In theory there was one vast Assembly of the american people in the convention Cost diluting the primal elements of society to its original sovereignty agreeing upon the principles for the Federal government and Union and it would require no great stretch of the Init Ignatiou to suppose that after providing for the general Powers to government. Ill peace and War in relation to foreign nations the states and Indian tribes that they should have been particularly anxious to erect a Strong Citadel for the Protection of Man As Man from the tyranny of his fell St beings we May suppose that from one part to the Union a Catoir Flo Kyj Rise and that in tire Section of entry from which he came owing to the late troublous times of the revolutionary War to which committees of safety had from necessity assumed supreme Power Over individuals that even the same practice was continued without of the Legal forms known and olt served by toe common Law for the Protection of life or the conviction of the guilty and that men had been deprived of life by Lynch Law Wuh out due process of Laifi a and he therefore claimed that no Man henceforth should be deprived of life except by due process of Law while another arise from the North and states that slavery will never be assumed As a part of the Burden and crime of the North unless it is identified by great Constitution Al ear Marks by infallible tests so that the Feigt tic May be known and All who Are. Claim As such May be distinguished As those who have been deprived of Liberty. What i mean says the speaker is that each Man woman in and child claimed As slaves before they shall be deprived of Liberty shall always have an opportune by As ample As toe benignity to the common Law to vindicate their Freedom 8p far As the forms to a trial Are concerned did they shall not be deprived of their Liberty and become slaves except by the indictment of a grand jury and trial by a Petit jury and the judgment of a court there a that the person is a slave and the property of a. And on this trial let the person claimed to by a Alac have the Benefit of counsel appointed by the court if he is unable to employ one let him plead he is not a slave Aito let the Bill Deil to proof tie upon him who Cla tvs to be proprietor of the supposed slave. Let Ibe per son claimed As a slave Havethe Benefit to compulsory process to compel the attendance of those by whom his free flown May be maintained. But if the Petit jury agree on oath in in Nimbus by that he isto Dave let the judgment of the court Fie pronounced that he is deprived of his Liberty a by Law Quot and let there be a record made facts As an enduring memorial the clerk of the court As a perpetual testimonial that this person has been deprived of his Liberty according to the Constitution. The Man of the South rises in convention and says Toat Many persons Are claimed As slaves who Are not Ito Ibyll of to Are who think they Are not this Mode of Nal will Settle the Quellen so that it May not be a Nittler of unending dispute and we of the South Are i tog to enter toe confederacy on Thiese terms Toal a no Imos shall be deprived of life Liberty or Propsky wit Koui do process of Law Quot rhu8 toe great and difficult question wag arranged in the formation of toe . Let it not Ifo said that toe master had antecedent to Tho Constitution nes Feri rights to property in the slave for granting Liat promo site Oil still the master for the greater Seoi Writy from his slaves insure Fec Idns and flights agreed upon a new criterion upon a Nev definition of slavery and pin a of a very a which warn a test preen by the course to a Legal trial of the most important character. Another important question arises which is if toe Constitution established the terms on which slavery might exist and if those terms have not been complied Frith is it not proof positive at least a constitutional presumption Toat there Are no this land who could legally be proved id amp Slavey provided the great formula is complied with As the Novas the Only evidence of slavery recognized by the Constitution and even Difato has not been complied with in a single Case in 48 years. The indictment trial a judgment against a person As a slave is the commission by which the master was authorized to exercise those Powers Over toe slave supposed to belong to him As master. Without this commission this Conail National authority growing out of Nindie treat trial and judgment against the slave toe act to toe master in exercising Dominion Over the slave is As unconstitutional As for a Man without commission election or appointment to assume the duties of sheriff and hang a Man untried but suspected of murder. It would be murder in the assumed sheriff because he had no commission no Mitter How guilty the individual who executed. The inquiry is had the sheriff a Ese Libarty by due process of Law o by indictment trial and judgment against him. Now says tie magistrate 1 know slavery in no form or shape under the Constitution except where the slave has lost his Liberty by due process of Law and that was toe tenure by which slaves were to be Holden in the u. S. Of America and by no other the North and tie South East and West have agreed in the Constitution and if you can produce me a record fir the exemplification of a record showing to me Toat a court of competent jurisdiction toe principles of the common Law by the indictment or presentment of a grand jury of not less Viau 12 or More than 3 men who live found Itiat indictment or made that presentment on oath and that 12 men on their Bath As a jury have said on the trial of toe fugitive that he was a slave and a court Haw pronounced judgment thereon then i will make an order for you to take toe person As your fugitive slave otherwise not. No Mattoc what veto enc. Yii produce to show that you own de slave if Ymir title be in _. _ Fin of a through of tvs generate Oil Aizic Itten and if you a lira a have a Bill of Sale from him who claimed the Fiji Tives Mother and grm Mother that will not answer. A a the word a a person is used for the fugitive slave in the 3d clause of the 2nd Section of toe 4th article a no person held to services amp a. The word person Here Means a slave and in other parts of toe Constitution toe word a a persons is used for slaves As in the 3d clause of the 2nd Section of the first article speaking of those who shall constitute the basis of representation in Congress after including the whole number of fret persons sad those bound to labor excluding indians not taxed. Olid a three fifths of All other persons a by hich slaves Are intended in the last part of the sentence. The slave is Desi ated under the appellation 6f persons in fixing the basis of repress Hustion also the word persons Quot in employed so denote the toe fog Kive slave in the 2d Section of the 4to article Iid toe words in the 5th article of amendments of tie co institution nor shall any person be deprived of i a Liberty or pro try without due process 4aw, must Nece Sariin include slaves. A for if it did not after having previous any twice used toe won a a person where it Mfuat slaves if it did nil intend to embrace the slave there Woi fid grave Fineen an exception in remion to the Slaye. The words of foe Constitution have no exception like the following a Thor shall any person exp i slaves be deprived of their Ufa Liberty and property without due process of Law any. Person a is equivalent to every body. The word a a person wheat used under the terms Ith Rife Fitl Hii of All other or sorts if tto Edo designate slaves exclusively m too sews if is there used in toe last Artele no person Field to service or labor in one state under the Laws thereof escaping a 2 1 Section 4th article. To this article of the Constitution the person Means not Only Al tvs but Withop prentices bound to serve their masters for a Lim Tott. Time and Ftp sons or daughters of a Parent being minors Aud a Many so Frt escaping from tie person to whom their service is due to another state May be delivered up As Well As the slave that toe words a no person Here May mean toe fugitive slave the bound wife he son daughter it is believed none will dispute. A every person a in the 5th article of the amendments of the Constitution covers toe whole ground of on humanity and Means Cavere body without exception or in other words it is ask Komi As though it had said no human a a being now living in toe United states or who May hereafter live in said states Bhail be deprived of his life Liberty or property Chhout an indictment by a grand jury a trial by a Petit Jurand toe judgment of a court Tereen. Before Advance my to the other Branch of this argument we May be permitted to assume at this stage of our reasoning that there is not a slave at this moment in the United states upon the terms mutually agreed upon by the people of this country at the formation of toe Constitution. If this get True any judge in the United states who is clothed with in Sci it authority to writ of Hareas Corpus and decide upon a re Tim made to such a writ on the master and slave being brought before said judge to inquire by what authority he the master held the slave if the master could not pro was commission had he authority to Liang the Only difference Between a Freeman and a slave under the Constitution was that the Freeman was deprived of his Liberty by due process of Law for crime and the slave was deprived of his Liberty by due process of Law simply because he was a slave and the Constitution gave him an Opportunity once in his life to vindicate his Freedom. Indictment trial and judgment Are toe modes by which under toe Constitution toe White Man and Black Man both lose their Liberty and by no other process can they constitutionally be deprived of it a one for Wib the other from misfortune. Again in the 3d clause in toe 2d Section of the 4th article of the Gons Littion which relates in part to fugal the slaves the people have in their Sovereign capacity legislated on this subject say ing that to no person held to service or labor in one state under the Laws thereof escaping into another shall in of any Laws or Ragu latinas therein be discharged from such service or labor but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor May be when toe May of South Carolina pursuing his fugitive slave to new Hampshire comes and demands his slave to be delivered up what will tie Pranitch state a say to the slave Holder of the pal Tynette i acknowledge 1 am bound to make out an order and deliver up this fugitive to you Asa part of the grand compact of the Constitution provided this fugitive has Fie drive of his a Liberty by due process of Law. For that is the grand principle on Whitfi the men of the free states consented that slavery might exist and Only in those cases where the person was deprived of fils that instrument in which this tremendous Power of Man Over Man was lodged some finding it in one article Ami Aooie in another but they Hava All agreed it does list somewhere in this revered in Stramento. Admitting that toe monster slavery is permitted to exist with limitations and restrictions in the we contend that ii can exist no other wish wan As toe Constin item has said it shall exist whew is that a no person shall be deprived of his Liberty except by Doe process of Law a until Tois great constitutional pre requisite has been complied with no Man in the nation can have a deed of anti Here a body and toe control of its Powers. The slaveholder has never seen fit to comply with toe great compact agreed on in tie Constitution by which which the Power to hold a slave was created. But the slaveholder has assumed a jurisdiction Over toe slave in the very face of the and contrary to its solemn Merdict and High a Ficat. The Baa rated rights of the slave Itofe Lam do Grispi and Ipp under the Bonds of slavery to take Fie first step which is to appear in a court of Law it Vitito Cate his right for and to himself. For in toe rime states the barbarous Rule has become Tew by Whick every person in whom there is african blood is presumed to be a slave till the contrary is made to appear. The colled Man instead of going into toe Temple Iff jul Tice with the Shari table presumption in his fever that to is a Man and a Freeman comes with a Prima Facie int ment against a hts in Adf Nable rights. The Laws of dose states in which Slavey exists say ii Ance of Ifim con Lavery of iii Stit ution of toe nation Talfie coloured mania Tobe considered a slave and his hang afcan Hoo to hts Vekris is i Blip Ihn test. of Torii a Hal Down by the United states Camii to cd Meh a a re Cord of conviction showing toe a slave by due Profeet of Law. ?7ie con Fri i of tie a rioted slates Prev urges the adored Mitoff Freelian wherever Fie is found in the confederacy. And that presumption can Only a Iete itto it record of eos fiction Sboto if been Date priced of a Liber Doe Tew Theca Ilion Laws of Lito slave states a say the test for Toto log a of be dirty depends upon Many a bloc Ufi tie Cun of fits hair the dist lofted Nostri the thickness of his lips or the Der Iaela of hts comp Exon. The if the de states says it de Petite not on blood ancestry the country or origin the Shade or emf Flea a the nostril or lip but on a record of judgment i Jim noun a it by a court on oath by Supe tit or grand jury on oath and by evidence Al in before jul ties and court on oath. Each and every step taken in this mod Demms Torion and sea for truth was to have been utter that Slotema Ajmal to toe Retro buttons of toe eternal neg my i pm truth of to testimony taken a the unions armed on that evidence by toe Grask Ries and court. A which of these to retail we main in Toktam no doubt As Long As the Costil Ilioiu of toe confederacy is Paramo in to Ali a state and Law re Nader them or judicial decisions of slave Itald made in hostility to toe ederal Compaq # but it Only be inquired Wiy a i not the Steve Joel e a a a a a. S a Duce a Reco of conviction by which toe particular slave had been deprived of his Liberty by indictment trial and judgment of a court the judge would be obliged under the oath which he must have taken to obey toe Consitt Trion of his country to discharge the slave and give him his full Liberty. 2. Upon the same principle no judge mails trate or court in he free or slave states is authorized to make an order to deliver no a fugitive slave unless toe master produces a record of the conviction of the slave showing that he has been deprived of Hia Liberty by an indictment trial and judgment of a court or by a due process of Law a list it always be borne in mind that the cons Titu Ion being a supreme act of toe Sovereign people acting with the oneness of a consolidated Empire and not As distinct Sovereign ties in its formation becomes Paramount to the Constitution Laws or usages of any single state whenever and wherever they conflict. So fully sensible that the Constitution of the United state would be but a rope of Sand unless the same and the Laws made in pursuance of it by the Congress were Paramount to All slate constitutions and legislation that the american people did not chose to leave it As a matter of inference but incorporated the same into the Constitution of the United states. A Congress Hall have Power to make All Laws which Fiall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing Powers and All other Powers vested by Tois Constitution in the government of the United states or in any department or officer thereof a 18th clause of the 8th Section of 1st article. But More particularly the second Section of the 6th article of the Constitution of the United states establishes toe proposition which is a this Constitution and the Laws of the United states Fruich halt be made in pursuance thereof and All treaties made or which shall be made under toe aut Fiorito of the United states shall be the supreme Law of toe land and the judges in every slate shall be bound thereby any thing in the Constitution or Law of the state to the contrary notwithstanding. It seems to have been a matter of very great anxiety among the politicians of the slave states to sat Isis the american people that slavery was an in St Tinion recognized in the Constitution of the United states. To be sure they have had great disagreement amongst thei selves As to the article or Section o a i 1 t the horse of new York Why they have nil bpm changed their hard Maseto for the Liberty of the Imirse of the vast Prairies of tie �?T8tefn� Wilde Raess Man Aap Sot a Afore a Tiju when made to by All the of a air out nation a oops citation. Rank in ustice lies at the Bottom Jef the print pro even when the slave had had toe Benefit of All the forms it prepared by Toat Constitution for a Febee. Iii a Beau ski Constitution was wry a am Malrio a Man a wire even by due Jiro Cess pow that is no reason for stripping him of the Tiff and presumptions which toe Constitution lira for his defence. The practice has Ipen for the lordly slaveholder or his agent in All the Pride of wealth to pursue Lis fugitive and on very slim proof before a fool Istrate that toe Man a been us service some Ime or that he had bought hit stir that he was bom on his Plantation. Without push inquiries further the magistrate makes an order and de Ivers the helpless Fiig Tive to hts alleged master. The fugitive is taken from the state of new York to afo Baraa. Who is there in new York to carry up this decision of the magistrate to the supreme court of this state the fugitive who might claim title to his body As plaintiff is gone As Well As the master who should be the defendant both out. Of this state. How could the supreme of obtain jurisdiction by Way of reviewing the magistrates decision both parties lure gone from the state. But supposing some Friend of humanity should at his own expense have toe Magis trates decision reviewed by the supreme oort and carry toe cause there and Toat court should reverse the judgment of the Justice. What Benefit can accrue to toe slave the supreme court Ltd this a tale can a ame a writ for deliverance beyond tiie Bounds of new Kohl choose que Iury in the course of 48 Yea ii amidst the to bout a rids of fugitives who have been sent Ria very from this stale no argument to the supreme Urt or the Coort for the correction of Brora involving the great Conathan foam rights of the Tiave Haa Over been considered or one of two Eves have been before the 8apreme court and court of errors on ind Enlal pts involving i inquiry into the a fit of Perakos aimed a Daves. Nie coat Rani of a pm United state would not Bat co Forred the a rent by immense Power without the trial by Jar pea aigle judges and even Dangio my i Tours of to Denafo capote with Little Iea Toig in every a it we and Vitore m the unil states to do de so a sat a ties Tina As it Ottar of of out Citone waa a free Saab or stave Fiji Nipoa the that Tveit dare in the nation St door pori6d, had Larto to priced of his Liberty we amp in the Means of the a Tomato Timi by due pro eos of Tow and Toat toe reeled of Todte Obr fiction by a grand and Petil jury and jut Poneot of avs a would Avaya be produced by toe master or he i Psi to the jury or Maggot note As the defy title deed to tog that the Man had lost Bis Liberty of due Proveas of Law tvs is the reason Why toe act Congress Nakea no to Dato for a trial by jury in Case of a fugitive pet Anuwat iwo to Man had mice toe fou Benefit of a jury trial or Tohe Vito he Cool not be called a slave. But after Alt it May he asked if tiie has made provision Itiat no person Saab be a a priced it to Ito or a amp Erp without Doe process of Law Why May Art coi great pass a Decla Iet act carrying into effect the to Riband intention of thai article of the Constitution ? a if there be any general principle which is inherent in toe very definition of government and essential to every step of too Progress to be Mode by Tod try toe air its 8tst it is that every Power voted m the governed Ash a a nature Sovereign and including by the Fotieo of the right to employ �11 the Means is Pidto and forcibly ble to the attainment of the end of Anch poster unto ii they Are excepted in Hibe Constitution or Are Iaquino Zakor Karacan tray to the essential objects of pm tits esl so so Ety judge Story. 8b says the Constitution having taken up flaked out dem the great landmarks of personal Hoberly r

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