Page 1 of 6 Feb 1836 Issue of Logansport Canal Telegraph in Logansport, Indiana

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Logansport Canal Telegraph (Newspaper) - February 6, 1836, Logansport, Indiana Jam at Aiby s. Lasselle amp j. B. Dillon vol. , Indiana saturday feb. A 1886. No. 8�.congressional. Insensate. Monday january 11, 1836, the United states amp France. Or. Glay Rose and said it must be obvious to Weverjr observer of passing events that oar affair a with France Are becoming every Day More and More serious in their character in and Are rapidly tending to a crisis. Mutuku irritations Are daily occurring from the Antip aversions of the Public press find among individuals in and out of office in both countries. And a state of feeling greatly to be deprecated if we Are to preserve the rela ions of pee must certainly the consequence. According to the thai Dir four Constitution our diplomatic conds Vith. Foreign countries Are fun trusted to the president of the United states until they reach a certain Point involving the question Otreace or War and then Congress is to determine on that momentous question. In other words the president conducts our foreign Intercourse Congress alone can change that Intercourse from a peaceable to a belligerent one. The right to decide the question of War carries along with it tic right to know whatever has passed Between our own executive and the government of any foreign Power. No matter what May be the nature of the correspondence whether official Ornot whether formal or informal Congress has the right to any and All information whatever which May be in the Possession of the other Branch of the government. No senator Here could have failed to have been acquainted with the fact that the contents Ofa More important despatch or document has been discussed and a most important overture canvassed in the different newspapers in private and political circles by Impi visuals every body in fact knows what has taken place except the Congress of the United the papers Friendly to the administration indeed the whole Circle of the american press a Are in Possession of the contents of a paper which this body has not been yet allowed to see and 1 have one journal a South Kern administration journal before me which states a new and important fact in reference to it. 1 have said Liat our situation with France grows every Day More embarrassing the aspect of our relations with her More dark and threatening. I could not therefore longer a Lejay in making the following motion. I should have done so before but for a prevalent Rumor that the president would soon make a communication to Congress which would do away the necessity of the resolutions which i now submit by laying before Congress the information which is the object of my motion. He has not however done so and probably will not without a Call from the Senate. Or. Clay then offered the following resolutions which lie upon the table for one Day resolved thas the president be requested to communicate to the Senate if it be not in his opinion incompatible with the Public interest whether since the termination of the last Congress any overture formal or informal official or unofficial has been made by the French government to the executive of United states to accommodate the difficulties Between the two governments respecting the execution of the convention of the 4th Day of july 1831 and particularly whether a des Satch from the due de Broglie the French Linister of foreign affairs to the French charge d affaires at Washington was read and a copy of it furnished by him to the Secretary of state for the purpose of indicating a Mode in which these difficulties might be removed. Resolved also under the Resolution above mentioned in the event of any such overture having been made. That the president be requested to inform the Senate what answer was Given to it and if a copy of any such despatch was received that he be further requested to communicate a copy of it to the innate. The resolutions lie one Day under the Rule. Shall be my ii of which she dictates to the inns. These Tew a Mich Bat government has already been o cannot be coi plied with and if persisted in they must be cot eras a deliberate Refus on the part of Rance to fulfil engagements binding by the Laws of Laws of a ions and held sacred by the whole civil Zed world. The nature of the act which France requires from this government is clearly set Forth in the letter of the French minister marked no. 4. We will pay the mopey says he when the government of the United states is ready on its part to declare to us by addressing its claims to us officially in writing that it regrets the misunderstanding which has Arisen Between the two countries that this misunderstanding is founded on a mistake that it never entered into its intention to Call in question the Good Faith of the French government nor to take a menacing attitude towards France quot Ane he adds quot if the government of the United states does not give this Assurance we shall be obliged to think that this misunderstanding is not the result of an error. In the letter marked no. 6, the French minister also remarks that quot the government of the United states knows that upon itself depends henceforward the execution of the treaty of july 4.1831." obliged by the precise language thus used by the French minister to View it As a peremptory refusal to execute the treaty except upon terms incompatible with the Honor and Independence of tie United states and persuaded that on considering the correspondence now submitted to you you can regard it in no other Hight it becomes my duty to Call your attention to such measures As the exigency of the Case demands if the claim of interfering in the communications Between the different branches of our government shall be persisted in. This prevention is rendered the More unreasonable by the fact that the substance of the required explanation has been repeatedly and voluntarily Given before it was insisted on As a condition a condition the More humiliating because it is demanded As the equivalent of a pecuniary consideration. Docs Franco desire Only a declaration that Vic had no intention to obtain our rights by an address to her fears rather than to her Justice she has already had it frankly and cd Ali the special message from the president to both houses of Congress. Received and read an deferred to the committee on foreign relations in. Both houses. To the Senate and House of representatives gentlemen in my message at the opening of your session i informed you that our chaise d affaires at Paris had been instructed to ask for the final determination of the French government in relation to the payment of the indemnification secured by the Ceaty of the 4th of july 1831, and that when advices of the result should be received ii word be made the subject of a special communication. Id execution of this design i now transmit to you the papers numbered from 1 to 13, in elusive containing among other things the correspondence on this sect Between our charge d affaires and the French minister of foreign affairs from which it will be seen that France requires As a condition precedent to the execution of a treaty unconditionally ratified and to the payment of a debt by All the branches of her govern no it to be due that certain explanations fitly Given by our minister no credited to her government his act ratified by me and my confirmation of it officially communicated by Lim in his letter to the French minister of foreign a a airs of the 25th of april 1835, and repeated by my published approval of that letter after the Bill of indemnification. Does France want a degrading Servile repetition of this act in terms which she shall dictate and which will involve an acknowledgement of her assumed right to interfere in our Domestic councils she will never obtain it. The spirit of the american people the dignity of the legislature and the firm resolve of their executive government forbid it. As the answer of the French minister to our charge d affaires at Paris contains an allusion to a letter addressed by him to the representative of France at this place it now a comes proper to Lay before you the correspondence had Between that functionary and the Secretary of state relative to that letter and to accompany the same with such explanations As will enable you to understand the course of the executive in regard to it. Recurring to the historical statement made at the commencement of your session of the origin and Progress of our difficulties with France it will be recollected that on the return of our minister to the United states 1 caused my official approval of the explanations he had Given to the French minister of foreign affairs to be made Public. Is the French government had noticed the message without its being officially communicated it was not doubted that if they were disposed to pay the Money due to us they would notice any Public explanation of the government of the United states in the same Way. But contrary to these Well founded expectations the French ministry did not take this fair Opportunity to relieve themselves from their unfortunate position and to do Justice to the United states. Whilst however the government of the United states was awaiting the movements of the French government in perfect Confidence that the difficulty was at an end the Secretary of state received a Call from the French charge d affairs in Washington who desired to read to him a letter he had received from the French minister of foreign affairs he was asked whether he was instructed or directed to make any official communication and replied that he was Only authorized to read the letter and furnish a copy if requested. The substance of its contents it is presumed May be gathered from nos. 4 and 6 herewith transmitted. It was an attempt to make known to the government of the u. States privately in what manner it could make explanations apparently voluntary bid really dictated by France acceptable to her and thus obtain payment of the Twenty five millions of francs. No exception was taken to this Mode of cominus cation which is often used to prep a the Way for official Intercourse but the suggestions made in it were in their substance wholly inadmissible. Not being in the shape of an official communication to this government it did not admit of reply or official notice nor could it safely be made the basis of any action by the executive or the legislature and the Secretary of state did not think proper to ask a copy because he could have had no use for it. Copies of papers marked nos. 9, loj and 11, show an attempt on the part of the charge d affairs Many weeks afterwards to place a copy of this paper among the archives of this government which for obvious reasons was not allowed to be done but the Assurance before Given was repeated that any official communication which he might be authorized to make in the accustomed form would receive a prompt and just consideration the indiscretion of this attempt was made More Manifest by the subsequent avowal of the French charge d affairs that the object was to bring this letter before Congress and the american people. If foreign agents on a subject of disagreement Between their government and this wish to prefer an Appeal to the american people they m ill hereafter it is hoped better appreciate their own rights and the respects due to others than to attempt to use the executive As the passive Organ of their communications. It is due to the character of our institutions that the diplomatic Intercourse of this government should be conducted with the utmost directness and simplicity and that in All cases of importance the communications received or made by the executive should assume the accustomed official form it is Only by insisting on this form that foreign Powers can be held to full responsibility that their communications can be officially replied to or that the advice or interference of the legislature can with propriety be invited by the president. This course is also Best calculated on the one hand to shield that officer from unjust suspicions and on the other to subject this portion of his acts to Public scrutiny and if occasion shall require it to constitutional Anima version. It was the More necessary to adhere to these principles in the instance in question inasmuch As in addition to other important interests it very intimately concerned the National Honor a matter in my judgment much too sacred to be made the subject of private and unofficial negotiation. It will be perceived that this letter of the French minister of foreign affairs was read to the Secretary of state on the 11th of september last. This was the first authentic indication of the specific views of the French government received by the government of the United states after the passage of the Bill of indemnification. Inasmuch As the letter had been written before the official notice of my approval of or. Livingston s last explanation and remonstrance could have reached Paris just ground of Hope was loft As had been before stated that the French government on receiving that information in the same manner the alleged offending message had reached them would desist from their extraordinary demand and pay the Money at once. To give them an Opportunity to do so and at All events to a hit their final determination and the ground they intended to occupy the instructions were Given to our charge d affaires which were adverted to at the commencement of the present session of Congress. The result As you have seen is a demand of an official written expression of regrets and a direct explanation addressed to France with a distinct = intimation that this is a sine qua non or. Barton having in pursuance of his instructions returned to the United states and the charge d affaires of France having been recalled All diplomatic Intercourse Between the two countries is suspended a state of things originating in an unreasonable susceptibility on the part of the French government and rendered necessary on our part by their refusal to perform engagements contained in a treaty from the faithful performance of which by us they Are to this Day enjoying Many important commercial advantages. It is time this unequal position of affairs should cease and that legislative action should be brought to sustain executive exertion in such measures As the Case requires. While France persists in her refusal to comply with the terms of a treaty the object of which was by removing All causes of Mutual complaint to renew ancient feelings of Friendship and to unite the two nations in the Bonds of Amity and of a manually beneficial Commerce she cannot justly complain if we adopt such peaceful remedies As the Law of nations and the circumstances of the Case May authorize and demand. Of the nature of these remedies i have heretofore had occasion to speak and in reference to a particular contingency to express my conviction that reprisals would be Best adapted to the emergency then contemplated. Since that period France by All the departments of her government has acknowledged the Validity of our claims and the Obj nations of the treaty and has appropriated the moneys which Are necessary to its execution and though payment is withheld on grounds vitally important to our existence As an Independent nation it is not to be believed that she a position so utterly indefensible. In the altered state of the question in controversy and under All existing circumstances it appears to me that until such a determination shall have become evident it will be proper and sufficient to retaliate her present refusal to comply with her engagements by prohibiting the introduction of French products and the entry of French vessels into our ports. Between this and the interdiction of All commercial Intercourse or other remedies you As the representatives of the people must determine. I recommend the former in the present posture of our affairs As being the least injurious to our Commerce and As attended with the least difficulty of returning to the usual state of Friendly Intercourse if the government of France shall Render us the Justice that is due and also As a proper preliminary step to stronger measures should their adoption be rendered necessary by subsequent events. The return of our charged quot affairs is attended with Public notices of naval preparations on the part of Franco destined for our seas. Of the cause and intent of these armaments i have no authentic information nor any other Means of judging except such As Are common to yourselves and to the Public but whatever May be their object we Are not at Liberty to regard them As unconnected with the measures which hostile movements on the part of France May compel us to pursue. They at least deserve to be met by adequate preparation on our part and i therefore strongly urge Large and speedy appropriations for the increase of the Navy and the completion of our coast defences. If this array of military Force be really designed to affect the action of the government of the people of the United states on the ques tion now pending Between the two nations then indeed would it be dishonourable to pause a moment on the alternative which such a state of things would present to us. Come what May the explanation which France demands can never be accorded and no armament however powerful and imposing at a distance or on our coast will i Trust deter us from discharging the High duties which we owe to our constituents to our National character and to the world. The House of representatives at the close of the last session of Congress unanimously resolved that the treaty of the 4th of july 1831, should be maintained and its execution insisted on by the United states. It is due to the welfare of the race not less than to our own interest and Honor that this Resolution should at All hazards be adhered to. If after so signal an example As that Given by the Amer ican people during their Long protracted difficulties with France of forbearance under accumulated wrongs and of generous Confidence in her ultimate return to Justice she shall now be permitted to withhold from us the tardy and imperfect indemnification which after years of remonstrance and discussion had at length been solemnly agreed on by the treaty of 1831, and to set at nought the obligation it imposes the United states will not be the Only sufferers. The efforts of humanity and religion to substitute the appeals of Justice and the arbitrage it of reason for the coercive measures usually resorted to by injured nations will receive Little encouragement from such an Issue. By the selection and enforcement of such lawful and expedient measures As May be necessary to prevent a result so injurious to ourselves and so fatal to the Hopes of the philanthropist we shall therefore not Only preserve the quot. Pecuniary interests of our citizens the Independence of our government and the Honor of our country but do much it May be hoped to vindicate the Faith of treaties and to promote t in general interests of peace civilization and improvement. Andrew Jackson Washington january 18, 1836. The other is appropriated to Domestic animals. Few if any have Beds but sleep upon Bare boards or upon parts of the immense stoves by which their houses Are warmed. Their food consists of Black bread cabbage and other vegetables without the additon of Batter in Poland the Nobles Are the proprietors of the land the peasant Are slaves a recent traveller says 1 travelled in every direction and never saw a wheaten loaf of the eastward of the Rhine in any part of Northern German Poland or Denmark the common food of the peasantry of Poland the working men is cabbage potatoes sometimes but not generally peas Black bread and soup or rather Gruel without the addition of butter or meat. In Austria the Nobles Are the., proprietor of the land and the peasants Are compelled to work for their masters during every Day of the week excepting sunday the cultivators of the soil Are in a state of bondage in Hungary their state is if possible still worse. The Nobles own the land do no work and pay no taxes. The Labouring classes Are obliged to repair All highways and Bridges Are liable at any time to have soldiers quartered upon them and Are compelled to pay one tenth of the produce of their labor to the Church and one ninth to the iced whose land they occupy of the people of France seven and a half millions do not eat meat nor wheaten bread. They live upon Barney Rye buckwheat Ches nuts and a few potatoes we saw it stated the other Day that some workmen we forget in what part of new England had a turnout because their employers would not furnish them Tea and Coffee at dinner the common wages of a hired labourer in France is a 37 50 for a Man and $18 75 for a woman annually. The taxes upon the land Are equal to one fifth of its net products in 1791, there were 7 0,000 houses in Ireland. Of these 113,000 were occupied by paupers and More thao 500,000 had Only one Hearth. The aver wages of a labourer is from nine and a half to eleven cents Aday. Among the Labouring classes of the industrious scotch meat except on sundays is rarely used in England the a a Rice of labor varies. A the Nottingham stocking weavers As stated by Lem in a Public address after working from fourteen to sixteen hours in a Day Only earned from four to seven shillings a week and were obliged to subsist upon bread and water or potatoes and Salt providing for the journal de Calais states that an inhabitant of Southampton has recently been amusing himself by filling 14,000 bottles with 6,000 copies of an abridgement of quot Universal these 0ttlcs, Well corked and sealed have by order been placed in cavities in the icy caverns of Greenland in Hopes should a partial destruct Lon of the Globe again ensue that they May survive the wreck and enlighten future Ages who would otherwise be ignorant of the events which have come to pass in this world. It is not stated what language this bottle conjuror Las chosen to preserve the knowledge of the present race of Mankind. And Aid the interesting facts. A recent interesting writer notices the condition of the Labouring classes of Europe in respect to the rate of wages the Burden of taxation the Means of subsistence the facilities for acquiring an education and the share if any which these classes have in the government. The facts in regard to each of these particulars ought to make those hang their Heads with shame who in this country talk of oppressing the Labouring classes and of the withholding of rights from the common people. In Norway the Ordinary food of the peasant is bread and Gruel both prepared of Oatmeal with an occasional inter mixture of dried fish. Meat is a luxury which they rarely enjoy. In Sweden the dress of the peasantry is prescribed by Law. Their food consists of hard dried fish and Gruel without meat. In Denmark the peasantry Are still held in bondage and Are bought and sold together with the land on which they labor Russia the bondage of the peasantry is Eyen More Complete than it is in Denmark quot the Noble own All the land in the Empire Anc the peasantry who reside upon it Are transferred with the estate. A great majority have Only cottages one can have determined permanently to refrain portion of which is occupied by a family while a fair Young aspirant for literary d fashionable distinction who had in vain foundation for what he had hoped would Luxuriate into a Large pair of whiskers lately asked one of our Village Belles what she thought of Vliem. To which she replied with much Nahr tip that they were like unto Western country extensively Laid thinly settled. The out but judge Marshall left particular directions or an inscription upon his Tomb. The ins cric ion mentions simply his name the Day of 1 birth the Day of his marriage the name of lis wife and the period of their separation by death and the period of his own dissolution Alexandria Gaz. The Natchez courier of the 1st inst says _ judging from the immense emigration of Texas within the past month from this Quarter and rom the reports of travellers who state that hundreds Are met upon the Road every Day Texas will be Able to boast of an Armyo Fortl 000 before january the Light of the new York fire is said to Lave been visible in Philadelphia particularly from the Cherry Hill Penitentiary it was seen at new Haven eighty Miles from new York quite distinctly. It is estimated that there Are thirty two millions five Hundred and sixty four thousand newspapers annually issued from the new quot York press. He a y the court of common pleas Lor the Delaware county Ohio on an action for a breach of Promise of marriage Ruth a m Coy recovered of the faithless Swain the handsome sum of $12,000 this is mending breaches to some old humorist being told that Lyra. A a i a Many lives physician was dead exclaimed Good god glad to hear of a doctor s death it saves so

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