Indianapolis Times (Newspaper) - January 13, 1933, Indianapolis, IndianaThe Indianapolis times i a Scripps Howard newspaper rot w. Howard president Oyd Gurley editor Lai l d. Baker business manager Rhone Riley a so member of United Pree. Scr put Howard newspaper Alliance Newi paper Enterprise association. News paper information service and audit Bureau of circulations. Owned and published Dally except sunday by the Indianapolis Trinca publishing cos. 214-220 West Mary land Street. Indianapolis and. Price in Marion county. 2 cents a copy elsewhere. 3 cents delivered by car Rier 12 cents a week. Mall subscription rates in Indiana a year outside of Indiana 65 cents a month. Oui Cue Light and the people will und their own Way Friday. Jan. 13. 1933. Jan Economy measure. Written into the proposed changes of the High Way commission Law designed to abolish the in Savory conditions which have existed for years in that department is a proposal for real Economy. The new Board composed of men who will work at the Job instead of listening to politicians sales men and contractors will have Power to Purchase materials from state institutions. The prisoners of this state could easily manufacture All the materials used in Road building and save millions of dollars to the citizens. The state farm is located near one of the great Cement producing districts of the state. Brick plants could be operated at both Pendleton and Michigan City. The bids received from the Cement makers for the present year suggest the necessity for such action. The bids with one exception were identical. They called for an increase of 20 cents a barrel Over the Price paid last year. That suggests the Lack of com petition. The problem of How to use prison labor must be solved in Advance of the operation of the National Law which will prevent the Export of prison made goods across state lines. The logical customer of All such output is the state itself and new ways of using prison labor for state use must be devised. The Purchase of Road materials has always been conducted on a basis As to invite suspicion that poli tics and other factors had More to do with awards than a desire to save Money for the people. If Road materials can be manufactured by prison ers the Money saved might go far to pay the Cost of the maintenance of these institutions a Burden growing and already intolerable. At the same time men in prison can not be kept in idleness. Idle men rebel or go insane. The replacement of the present Highway commis Sion with one framed along lines that guarantee greater Economy and More efficiency is plainly indicated. When to it is attached a measure for state use of prison made materials no member of the Legisla Ture should hesitate to approve. The receiver Racket every Holder of an insurance policy which includes most of the families in the United states is a creditor of the railroads and thus has a financial stake in the pending debtor Relief legislation. Allowing reorganization through debt reduction or moratorium by agreement with a reasonable por Tion of the creditors rather than by the longer and often disastrous bankruptcy method the proposed Law would give emergency Relief to a wide Range of corporate and individual debtors who Are victims of the depression. But because of the Large number of citizens affected directly and indirectly no part of the legislation will be More important than that cover ing the railroads. It is common knowledge that the bankruptcy Racket has been particularly bad in the past in the Case of certain railroads which fell victims to unwise or unscrupulous Bankers. Experience shows that the courts alone can not afford adequate Protection or regulation of these vast and complicated reorganizations there Are too Many loopholes in the Law and the judges Are too Busy and too inexperienced in this highly specialized Field. Costly experience also shows that the sole fed eral Agency equipped for such expert supervision of Railroad reorganization the interstate Commerce commission lacks sufficient Legal authority. President Hoover in his special message to con Gress on wednesday stated the provision of the proposed Law dealing with corporate reorganizations should be applicable to railroads and in such cases the plan of reorganization should not become effective until approved by the interstate Commerce commission. This purpose can not be achieved according to the experts unless the Powers of the i. C. C. Are increased. First the i. C. C. Should have full author Ity in dealing with a Given reorganization from the beginning rather than come in belatedly after Bank ers or others have set up Dummy organizations to escape the courts. Second the i. C. C. Should have adequate control of the railway during the entire process of reorganization with division of authority and jurisdictional conflict reduced to a minimum. Too Many killings have been made by Wall Street in this Field of Railroad reorganization. The Public pays. For the new Law to wipe out the need for tech Nical foreclosure proceedings is All to the Good but that will eliminate one of the few existing safeguards. Therefore at the same time the Law should set up other and better safeguards for the average unprotected Stock and Bond owners including the Little fellow whose All is in an insurance policy or a Sav Ings Bank. The proposed Law May make a bad Racket worse unless it gives the interstate Commerce commission full protective Powers. Taxation and recovery the new income tax plan proposed by the democrats at their new York conference will not prove very reassuring to those who look for progressive legislation from the president elect. His stand upon taxation must be regarded As a major test of his realism in attacking our economic problems and in putting us Back on the Road to Prosperity. The income tax plan proposed at the new York conference flies right in the face of sound economics As applied both to just taxation and to the Restora Tion of Prosperity. If there is any bed Rock proposition in this whole situation it is that taxes must be made As Light As possible on the consuming masses with incomes of less than $5,000. The necessary Burden of increased taxation must be thrown on those with relatively Large incomes. There is no possible Chance of restoring Prosper Ity unless the purchasing Power of the great mass of americans is preserved and if possible strength ened. The Standard Mcgraw Hill publication the business week makes this proposition very Clear. The great majority of manufactured goods and agricultural products including those on which sales taxes would be levied Are purchased by families with incomes under $3,000, about three fifths by families with incomes under $2,000, and about one fifth by families with incomes under is too. Families with incomes of $3,000 and less paid 73 per cent of the total amount spent for Consumers goods and services but had Only 30 per cent of the total National savings. Families with incomes of More than $3,000 paid Only 27 per cent of the total amount spent for consumer s goods and services but had 70 per cent of the total savings. Indeed in 1929, some 28,000,000 families with in comes under $3,000 spent $65,143,000,000 and saved $3,746,000,0001e5s than one sixteenth of what they spent. The 513 persons with incomes of More than $1,000,000, spent $87,000,000 and saved $1,045,000,000 twelve times As much As they spent and nearly one third As much As was saved by 28,000,000 families. These figures Are devastating in their implications As to sound progressive taxation policy. If we want Prosperity we must have increased Pur chasing Power. far As taxation is involved this can be secured Only through lifting the Burden on the masses and raising heavier taxes from the very wealthy who save much and spend relatively Little. Proceeds from the taxation of the latter must be put in the hands of the masses through Public works projects unemployment insurance and the like. This strategy is sound from the most resolutely capitalistic Point of View for As Benjamin Marsh of the people s lobby expresses it the most productive investment of capital in America today is to enable those who produce it to consume. The tax plan suggested at the new York Confer ence of democrats defies progressive economic Doc Trine. It proposes for example to raise the tax on a $3,000 income from s2o to s6o and on a $4,000 income from s6o to $l2o. At the same time it would raise the tax on an income of $50,000 from $6,600 to Only $10,840 on an income of Sion too from $30,100 to $33,980 on an income of $500,000 from $203,600 to $283,480. Do nothing directors the suit brought by stockholders against the directors of an american subsidiary of the wrecked Kreuger & toll corporation Lor the return of some $35,000,000 is text for a Well deserved Sermon on the subject of a corporation director and his duty. This duty is conceived of the Magazine of Wall Street without mentioning names As embracing More than attendance upon directors meetings and the drawing of s2o Gold pieces. There Are Many things that this country needs but one of the More conspicuous of them is directors who direct says this Magazine. We have observed a notable increase m this category largely due to hard times retrospection on the part of directors concerning what might have been if they had paid More attention to the dictionary and less to the title. This spontaneous improvement will be accelerated by a few More damage suits and become a Stampede if they Are successful. We a vent much sympathy with Congress but brass hat directors who sit in their clubs and berate that body should re member that they Are the Congress of business. Have do nothing directors done any better than do nothing congressmen Public business a healthy and honest attitude toward Public Busi Ness was demonstrated when the democratic Leader ship of the House pushed through the Howard Bill requesting the reconstruction finance corporation to reveal Loans it made in secret Early last year. Rumours and claims notwithstanding we have yet to hear factually of any harm that has come from publication of r. F. C. Loans. But More important than this is the evident in Tention on the part of democrats to make Public business Public. Now if representative Edgar Howard can win his fight against the other secret practices of Congress such As executive sessions of committees and secret meetings of conferees he will have attained a worthy goal. The Moon draws the United states and England closer together at certain times scientists Tell us. Maybe thatus what made her appear so imminent to the wets a few weeks ago. A hypocrite is a Man who prays for delivery from temptation and then slips out to the Auto show. A woman is speaker of the North Dakota House of representatives and of a lot of other houses too for that matter. Just Plain sense by mrs. Walter Ferguson t he important topic now is Technocracy. But a High this minute i am far More concerned about what is happening to English grammar. One feels now and then the dangerous Imper a Nency of the world in which we live especially when the standards of spoken and written English crumble under us. I think a person who has spent Many years of a Busy life trying to learn the proper use of will and shall is justified in expressing resentment against the educators when they suddenly right about face on All the old rules. Yet the National Council of English teachers god save the Mark recently voted to approve such bad colloquialisms As it is me who Are you looking for invite whoever you wish had rather and they have made farther and further and shall and will synonymous. Those of us who have Laboured and sweated through the years trying to meet the requirements of the pedagogy now find ourselves facing anew world. It is almost As disconcerting As if one found that two and two do not make four. To to a to seems that the Crudi ties of american speech Are a not yet sufficiently widespread to satisfy the teachers. And once the Dike is Down where will the flood cease if certain fundamentals of grammar no longer Are dependable and we Are going to revise text books to suit the questionable taste of the Hack writer and the slovenly speaker How Long will it be do you suppose before we hear again that Sag Ging carelessness of i taken it or even the More reprehensible i seen or i have saw the jargon one hears from Young people who possess High school diplomas and that passes for Good English or even Good american is enough to make you wonder what the teachers have been doing. Now we know. They ave stopped working. And to justify their failure they propose to rewrite the grammars to suit the exigencies of the Unble Shingle commonplace. Of shades of or. Reed and or. Kellogg i the Indianapolis times unhappy Days Are Here again / to a. Right \ / \ 1 / you should \ or \ Minc i increase taxes my Kip j v 1 v v science " = Neutron not a blend by David Dietz science will have to construct new picture of the Interior of the atom dining 1933. That seems Likely As a result of the latest word from the Cavendish Laboratory of the University of Cambridge where or. J. C. Chad Wick and his associates discovered the Neutron last year. They announce now that the Neutron is a distinct particle and not a combination of any sort of electrons. The Neutron was discovered during experiments to disintegrate or smash atoms. In the course of these experiments it was Dis covered that particles about the size of electrons sometimes were released from the smashed atoms. But these particles moved much faster than electrons and unlike electrons exhibited no electric charge. Until discovery of the Neutron scientists had found two types of particles in the atoms of matter the positive and the negative elec tron. The positive Electron now is called the Proton. When the term Electron is used the negative elec tron is meant. It at first was thought that the Neutron was a combination of a Proton and an Electron. It was pointed out that the positive charge of the one would neutralize the negative charge of the other thus furnishing a Neutral or in charged particle. It seems however that More recent work in the Laboratory rules out this possibility. To to to discovery of Electron it is interesting to Trace the growth of our knowledge of the Structure of the atom. It is entirely a twentieth Century his tory. Until almost the close of the nineteenth Century scientists took it for granted that the atoms of matter wire indivisible. It was the discovery of a rays in 1895, followed by discoveries of radio activity and Radium in the years following that made scientists realize that atoms were divisible. The researches of lord Ruther Ford and prof. Soddy showed that the atoms of Radium were spontaneously disintegrating into component parts. The first constituent of the atom to be recognized was the Electron. It was observed at once that the electric charge of the Electron was negative. Early attempts were made to explain the formation of atoms As configurations of electrons immersed in some sort of sphere of positive electricity. Then lord Rutherford prof. Rutherford at the time showed that the atom possessed a nucleus and that the positive charge was concentrated in the nucleus. Models of the atom then were constructed which resembled the solar system. The Central nucleus was compared to the Sun while the electrons were believed to revolve around it just As the planets revolve around the Sun. Lord Rutherford and Many other experimenters in All parts of the world turned their Atten Tion to attempts at smashing the nucleus. In fact when we speak of smashing the atom we really mean smashing the nucleus since the outer electrons seem to be held very loosely and to be lost and regained with great ease. To to to Proton was found to time the positive Electron or a Proton was identified. It now is believed that the lightest of All atoms Hydrogen has a Proton for a nucleus. One outer Electron is associated with this Proton. It was thought that the heavier atoms had nuclei built up of combinations of protons and electrons while numbers of outer electrons ranging from two for helium to ninety two for uranium were associated with these nuclei. At first it was assumed that the outer electrons revolved around the nuclei. This picture of the atom As a miniature of the solar system reached its height in the Bohr theory developed by or. Neils Bohr of Copenhagen who had been a student of lord Rutherford. It seems More Likely today How Ever due to the studies of Prince de Broglie and professor Schroe Dinger that the motions of the electrons Are far More Complex. But if the Neutron is a distinct particle it Means that we must make changes in our notion of the Interior of the atom comparable to those occasioned by discovery of the Electron itself. Scientists were rather pleased with the nation that there were just two fundamental particles of matter the Proton and the elec tron. On the other hand it always was a source of mystery Why the pro ton was so very much heavier than the Electron. It would seem As though if there were just two fundamental particles in the universe that they ought to be exactly alike except for their electric charge. Now the Neutron enters the Fields a third and if there Are three perhaps there a others As yet undiscovered. Questions and answers a was Congress controlled by the democrats during both of presidents Wilsonis administrations a Congress was democratic in both branches until the last two years of his administration. The sixty sixth Congress that convened May 19, 1919, had a Republican majority in both houses. A How can Zinc articles be cleaned a make a paste of Rye bran stirred into boiling water add a handful of Silver Sand and a Little vitriol. Rub the Zinc with this paste rinse with water dry and polish with a cloth. Daily health service Correct Childs defects Early ? by or. Morris Fishbein in or at Britain during 1931 Al to t 2,000,000 school children were e mined by physicians and health officers with a View to determining the presence of Cor correctable defects. Moreover an additional million children were studied because of the occurrence of unusual symptoms or conditions. The three million Chilco Enex mined represent almost 60 per cent of the total number attend ing school in the lower grades. The commonest defects found in their order of frequency were skin disease Large tonsils and adenoids defects of vision Eye Dis eases apart from Cross eyes other disorders of the nose and Throat malnutrition infection of the ear squint or Cross eyes deformities defects of hearing and nervous diseases. Six Hundred thousand of the children were found to have correctable defects of one Type or another. Editor journal of the american medi Cal association and of hate a the health Magazine. The authorities emphasize particularly the necessity for proper co operation Between the physician and the family As Well As inspection by the school nurse to detect defects at the earliest possible moment and to secure suitable correction. In great Britain attempts have been made to develop special classes for children with certain types of defect. It has been found that it is difficult to get children into a class called a stammering class when they stutter and stammer but it is a fairly simple matter to get them to attend a speech class. Great Britain also is paying Spe Cial attention to the question of the preschool child that is the child Between 1 and 5. Twenty seven per cent of such children Are found to have Phy Sical or mental defects including i knew de Pachmann who died in Rome last week and among the artists he was rare in that he lived up to the most fantastic and fictional concept of the great musician. If a playwright undertook to set him Down As a character in a comedy any audience would be dubious As to the authenticity of the figure. It would seem As if the dramatist strained too much after a bizarre effect. And yet the eccentricities of the Man were not affectations. I always Felt that a sound philosophy underlay his curious concert manners. I note that Leopold Godowsky has referred to him As a min naturist. His Field says the composer was limited but with in its narrow Range he was supreme and inimitable. Underneath Godow Skyes compliment i seem to catch some minor degrees of dental and visual disorder. In these children the defects most commonly found Are dental decay rickets disease of the ton Sils and adenoids anaemia abnormalities of the heart and Rheu Matic symptoms. It is exceedingly important that children of this age who suffer with correctable defects be found at the earliest possible moment because disease in the years from 1 to 5 May make a lasting impression on the health of the child. A Survey of this report from great Britain indicates that the care of both the preschool child and the school child in the United states is better in general than that Given to children abroad. American methods of Organiza Tion and the general interest of physicians in the care of the child in this country seem to have led to the Type of co operation among physicians parents and health departments which yields the Best result. Times readers voice views. Editor times what is the mat Ter with the South Side when the big Man from the North condescended to come to Indianapolis and show us How to run a Street car system he gave the residents of the South Side one of the hardest blows they Ever have received in re routing Shelby Street cars Over the now existing route. While it is True he has Given us the latest thing in new cars he has disco Moded the people Hurt rental property forced some to ride the busses others to get out their of livers a a caused some to walk and incidentally reduced the income of the Street car com Pany. Some will be forced to move to other parts of the City where they Hope to get better and More convenient service. This condition has been brought about by routing the cars from Virginia Avenue Over South Street to Illinois Street and then North. If he could have selected a dirtier More Rotten and inconvenient route we suppose he would have done so. We have no objection whatsoever to the running of bars out Illinois Street that part is o. A but we want them run Over Mary land or Washington Street West from Virginia Avenue eliminating the hardships he has forced upon us. He also has done an irreparable injury to the City Market Caus ing Many customers to discontinue patronizing it on account of the Long walk to and from Illinois Street. Again what is the matter with the South Side residents of the South Side have taken so Many hard blows on the Chin that this last one has about knocked them out completely. We Are sending out the s. O. S., but we have about lost All Hope. A times Reader. Jan. 13, 1933 i time was when humanity tolerated the unlimited Power of men. And not Only tolerated but glorified it As the Only Means of maintaining order and preserving government. Time was when despotism of the most Ruth less sort was considered not Only necessary but desirable. Time was when the idea of putting any Check on the Power of leadership found Little favor with even the Best minds. You know this As Well As i do. And you know Tracy How men were forced to abandon the philosophy. You know that the civilized world no longer believes in unlimited Power of government or in the theory of permitting any individual or group of individuals to exercise it for an unlimited period of time. You know that in this country we elect a president every four years and that custom decrees a maximum of two terms. You know that a new British parliament must be elected once every five years if not oftener that the French president holds office for Only seven years and that most governments definitely Are restrained from doing certain things by constitutional provision. A a a Why not apply idea to machines in other words humanity has come to recognize the necessity of curb ing the ambition greed and ingenuity of Strong personalities. Now Why has t somebody thought of applying the same idea to machines Why do we assume that a machine must be Good no matter How much havoc it creates or suffering it causes Leisure of course is the great excuse but How much Leisure do we want and what Are we going to do with it we Are going to study and be cultivated say some but to what end Large numbers of people have found Leisure in the past but they spent vastly More Effort in finding ways to get rid of their surplus physical Energy than in becoming cultivated. The Leisure made possible in our colleges runs largely to sports wild parties and novel ideas particularly with regard to sex. The Leisure made possible in ancient Rome found its greatest expression in brutal pastimes. To to to old Issue faced in new form t he Leisure made possible in seventeenth and eighteenth Century a France led to another though scarcely less obnoxious form of High Jinks. There is Little reason to suppose that Leisure made possible through machine despotism would turn out any differently from that mad possible by human despotism. The deadening influence of dependence on the one hand an discipline on the other goes with both. Bitter experience taught our forefathers to weigh the disadvantages of human despotism against its benefits. The responsibility of providing t food shelter clothing and idea scan not be shoved off on any concentrated form of Power the intellect of those who profit by it. We have come to a very old Issue in anew form. We merely should have to fight our Way Back Over ancient battlegrounds if we permitted mechanical Power to be made the basis of tyranny. Wise limitation appears the Only alternative. Every Day religion by or. Joseph fort Newton _ to ont pity help a so runs the slogan on a poster to be seen All Over America in these dismal Days when life is a grim fight against hunger in our cities. It is effective and to the Point of the situation. Sob stuff is cheap the time has come for All to act and act together if tragedy appalling and unbelievable is not to befall our peo ple. It makes us think of the famous Sermon which Dean Swift preached for Charity in Dublin. He took for his text the words he that liveth to the poor lend eth to the lord. His entire ser Mon consisted of one sentence but it said everything you that like the terms Down with the dust. No one Ever forgot that terse timely telling Sermon without frill or flourish and it hit the target. To a Man in dire distress if not actual misery John Wesley wrote a letter of warm sympathy. But the letter was Only the text and he added what he called an expository note in other words a five Pound Bank note. It a to to was the most effective Way a of expounding his feelings and that is the kind of commen tary we must write on our words of pity today. Sympathy is Noble but we must do something definite about it. But that is not All one wishes the slogan had been pity and help for it implies that pity is a kind of amiable weakness. No so. It is one of the mightiest forces on Earth. In the wonderful Story of Rab and his friends when the Stu dents in the Hospital crowd into the operating room they seem careless and heartless but they Are not. Dont think them heartless said the Good physician. In them pity As an emotion ending in it self or at Best in tears and Long drawn breath lessens while pity As a motive is quickened and gains Power and purpose. It is Well for poor human nature that it is so. Yes indeed and when this Ter Rible time has passed pity As a motive must not end. It must make use of All the facts of Sci ence and the finest sagacity put an end to the crazy Clumsy plight we Are in when people starve in a world where there is too much food. Copyright 1933. United features Syndicate daily thought lord thou Wilt ordain peace for us for thou also Hast wrought All our works in us. Isaiah 26 12. To a u blessedness is promised tothe peacemaker not to . It seems to me. By Heywood Broun hint of View which always has appeared to me heretical. I refer to that state of mind which withholds something from the artist who does not choose to spread him self across vast surfaces. To it to among larger pygmies and that is a notion which leads us to such palpable absurdities As figures carved upon the sides of mountains and the largest mural paintings in the world. Not to mention that giant motion picture theater which was but lately the worlds larg est music Hall. De Pachmann May not have be longed among the great pianists but he was supreme As an inter Preter of Chopin. It was some English critic years ago who referred to him As the Chopin Azee. And there was much in this Pun to meet the Eye for de Pachmann was curiously squat in figure with Long arms and hands disproportionately Large. When the mood was on him he seemed almost to swing Back and Forth upon a grand piano. I heard him play several times in his apartment Here and once in a Carnegie Hall concert which infuriated Many of the better critics. He had become old and his eccentricities had grown upon him but he remained for All that in a state of Grace. To him a piano was an intimate instrument and As a Miniat Urist Carnegie Hall presented a Canvas too Large for his scope or interest. He liked to play where four or five were gathered together. There Are too Many fools in any thou Sand he once said. A to obscure erroneous for reasons obscure and erroneous de Pachmann Drew the impression that i was a person of musical understanding. It is True that i loved to hear him and sat i As rapt As any connoisseur while i he played. But when he talked to me in technical terms i managed to conceal my ignorance by offer ing Only assent and never any 1 comment. They kept most of the notice from the old Man after his Lasi Carnegie Hall appearance Bat he hit upon one or two which were severe and said to three of us who were his friends you liked that is enough. He was insulated happily against criticism for anybody who praised him became at once a great musician and the rest either were i ignorant or malicious. I think the attitude always has been a useful one to creative artists. Asa pianist i Felt that de Pach Mann was always reaching out and trying to bring people in closer to himself and the keyboard upon which he perched. His style of concert was not unlike what the older vaudeville theater called a Pian Logue. There was always a running fire of comment from the performer himself. Bravo de Pachmann he would say to himself in a loud voice As he played a passage and found his interpretation excellent. And he would throw in Little bits of autobiography and reminiscence As he went along. It was i Carnegie Hall As i remember that he prefaced one piece by saying i once heard . Schumann play this. Of my Gold a an both words and music touring a Waltz the old gentleman sometimes would get up from the piano Stool cavort about for a step or so and then sit Down again. And always there was a muttering and a chattering from him As he swung High in the treetops intoxicated by the sounds w hich he brought Forth from the big Black Box. Temperament is an ungainly thing unless it is part of the or Ganic Structure of an individual. I do not like to see any artist slip into a mannerism As if it were a garment. But these moods of de Pachmann were in his marrow. It seemed to me then and it seems to me now that the finest of All who Deal with sound and shape and color must be those who look upon their own creation and cry out aloud Bravo a code Rislin. 1933. By tto Tom . Tracy says Why not curb machines Page 14