Page 2 of Nov 20 1868 Issue of Cincinnati Commercial in Cincinnati, Ohio

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Cincinnati Commercial (Newspaper) - November 20, 1868, Cincinnati, OhioOlp. Western interests and tropical navigation of the Mississippi lecture by professor Fontaine. A meeting of business men of Cincinnati was announced to be held yesterday afternoon at the chamber of Commerce to hear an address from professor Fontaine late recording Secretary of the new Orleans Academy of sciences and professor of geology on the subject of advancing he interests of the West and extending her Southern and tropical Trade. In Point of numbers the meeting did not correspond with the importance of the subject to be presented. The important statements made by the Profos a or were listened to by but very few. He gave an elaborate account of his views with regard to the methods of promoting navigation and Trade and explained very fully the method of the new Orleans Academy of sciences for controlling and utilizing water currents. The following is a full report of his lecture the position of Cincinnati on the grandest affluent of the Mississippi flowing from the East give her unrivalled advantages Tor a great manufacturing and commercial City. The Ohio places the vast Coal and Iron regions at her door and the Fertile regions on both sides of it which produce most abundantly All the fruits of agriculture have made her the Center of the provision Trade and a distributed to the South of every variety of Western produce and manufactures. With the growth and production of the Rich area extending in All directions around Lier she has grown to be one of the metropolitan cities of the continent and her future growth will depend upon the policy she adopts. The demands of this teeming Region full lug to overflowing her warehouses now require All the outlets which can possibly be made for her continually increasing stores. Heretofore. Her attention Lias been too much directed to the railroads which it was the Wise policy of the Eastern cities to run to the West to secure its produce and to Supply it with Eastern manufactures and also with their importations from the old world and from tropical America. It has become a necessity for her to Combine with All the cities of the West to remove All the obstructions of the Mississippi River the mighty Carrier which the creator has Given it and which Efi ords the Only sufficient conveyance for the magnificent Valley fertilized by its Waters. The w ant of an open and free communication by water As Well As by railroads with the Southern states and the tropical regions beyond them will increase As the population and the production of the wealthy country contiguous to this a Ltd Aud of which it is the Market multiply paid it w ill be Felt More severely from year to year. Unless this direct Aud natural Channel of trader Ritli the South is improved and secured it May be safely asserted that the City can never Row to any extent beyond its present condition t must be destined to remain stationary or Wane while the cities of Tho East Rise and flourish upon the fruits of Tho vast tropical Trade toward which the Ohio and Mississippi flow and Point the Road to wealth. Every obstruction should be removed from these Rivers and if necessary railroads coursing along their Banks should be double tracked to the sea to Drain v our produce and manufactures and convey them to the wealthy realms of the torrid zone. Your City is now filled to repletion with merchandise. And your stores and warehouses Are heavy Laden and bursting for the want of sales or can not afford to lie Idle during Winter. It demands an outlet for Winter and summer to the Gulf of Mexico to compete with the East and with England Tor the Trade of the tropics. The War closed Many thousands of valuable Home markets in the South against the Trade with Cincinnati in her manufactures Aud Western produce and unfortunately these markets lire now destroyed or Are greatly injured. It should be her policy to revive As far As possible those ruined cities Aud plantations which were the source of her wealth to direct emigration to them and to connect herself with them by railroads and water ways. Her whole Power should be exerted to remove every obstruction from the Mississippi River Aud All her Means of Access to it so that her Trade May go without hindrance through its Rich Bottom and out of its Mouth to the West indies to Mexico and to Central Aud South America. New York Aud the other Eastern cities have connected themselves with the South and West with a judicious so Stem of rail roads coursing above and below Cincinnati. Her Luxure Prosperity will depend upon her making herself a great manufacturer and forwarder of Western produce to the South. She should therefore Avail herself of All her unrivalled advantages As a manufacturing City Given her by the Ohio and its great goal and Iron Fields. A Railroad should be run into the Rich Mineral Region of East Tennessee Northorn Georgia South Carolina and Western North Carolina in the midst of its Copper Lead Iron Marble and Gold and As Wilmington Charleston Savannah and Mobile can Only Lee importing and exporting cities whose Trade can Benefit Cincinnati in every Way she should make direct communication with them. A a Lance at the map before you will show you the necessity for it. Here the map prepared was fully explained but the great source of the wealth of this City is the great River Valley and the regions Tow Ard which it flows. The Monument of Benton in St. Louis is a memorial worthy of the great advocate of the first Railroad to the Pacific Ocean and lie deserves the yet prouder Granite Shaft it is proposed to rear to his memory of the Crest of the Rocky mountains where the track touches its loftiest Ridge. Tho statue represents him As pointing to tiie West Aud exclaiming a there is the East there is i Trust that some advocate of an Enterprise far More beneficial to your City than the Trade with California and China will deserve a Monument at your hands and that his statue will stand among the tombs of your cherished dead and Point to the Hutli and that this inscription engraved in Gold will Shine from generation to generation upon the sight of your posterity As a guiding Light to your Commerce a there is Ophir there is the India of Columbus to the South a there Aro Tho indies which enriched old Spain. From those fair realms she gathered those Imperial treasures whose abuse corrupted her children and withered her Power. From the same lands which invite your Commerce England has mainly obtained her wealth and still continues to accumulate her resources. That nation or City wherever it May be will to the wealthiest and most prosperous whose manufacturers and merchants shall Supply most extensively the demands of that Al Dorado of the new world. Look to the South. The Mississippi Rolls a Iresh water sea without storms or opposing currents through prolific lands Down to the ice less tropical Ocean. Upon that great Carrier your City can Send Down the Ohio cheaply the heavy burdens of her wharves to satisfy the wants of the inhabitants of those Winter less comes and bring Back upon the bosom of the same Beneficent Stream whatever they Mey Send in Exchange for your wealth. No policy can prevent railroads from coursing along the valleys of this River and its principal a flu cuts. These modes of conveyance mutually insist each other like the veins and arteries of la body and both give Prosperity to the country which makes them Prosper by its travel and Trade. The heavy freight will go by water. The Light and costly and the impatient travellers will go by rail. These improvements will inevitably be made in a very few years. It is needless to wait for More favourable circumstances it to commence them. The sooner the Are undertaken and pushed vigorously to completion the better it w l l be for the peace the financial condition and Prosperity of the whole country. I be improvement of the navigation of the Mississippi and its tributaries the direction of emigration to their Fertile valleys to build up Home markets for Western produce and manufactures the removal of the bars Aud obstructions at its Mouth and to deepen it to your doors to protect its Banka from caving and its current from shifting to prevent the undermining of levees plantations towns and cities a and i f s Fertile Bottom from being Over flooded Aud to give stability Aud Security to All property on the unstable water will Xuwu Loipl the population the labor and the production increase the Commerce and Udd to the business of the railroads a which skirt the Banks of these great Rivers and those which intersect them Aud promote the wealth of this City and All the marts and regions connected by the ties of Commerce with Distant lands and with the multiplying millions who in habit those fruitful Vales and the Fertile Prairies contiguous to them. Quot m Hare professor Fontaine explained the plan for controlling water currents i am sent to present to you a Well approved plan by which kids work of physical improvement Call be done. The Ablest engineers of our country have examined and approved it without a dissenting voice. One of the oldest and most reputable academies of science in America has adopted it and recommend it to you As containing an effectual cheap and simple method for admitting into the Mississippi from the Gulf of Mexico to new Orleans to connect with our heavy burdened steam packets the very largest class of vessels which Are known to Commerce practical engineers of Louisiana who for Twenty years have been engaged in defending the City of new Orleans and the River plantations against the excavating Power and the a Welling floods of the Mississippi have Given it their approval. Thus it is presented to your practical capitalists and patriotic citizens As a plan embracing the Desideratum Long needed by the great West and now indispensably necessary for its welfare a Mode for controlling its destructive Power and preventing it from Deso lating those plantations of the South which Are the most valuable Home markets for your produce and manufactures and for so deepening its Channel As to make it navigable for the greatest ships out into the open sea. I would not use such Strong language As this if it was not thus endorsed. The committee of engineers to whom was referred this plan for controlling water in rents removing bars deepening channels and preventing Banks from caving and its application to the Mississippi River say in their report that they Are of the opinion that it will effectually remove its bars and those of its tributaries wherever it is applied and open this great River to the navigation of the largest class of vessels known to Commerce Aud if generally applied to the whole liver that it would give Sincli stability to its Banks and so deepen its Channel by erosion and lower its bed As ultimately to prevent overflows. It will greatly stimulate your efforts to have All the political commercial Aud physical obstructions to Tho Trade of this City and the West removed by knowing that a plan for opening the Mouth of the Mississippi the greatest impediment to the whole Oom meroe of Tho 18,000.000 of the people who occupy its Valley has been prepared and endorsed by theoretical and practical science and is now ready to be used. This great River which has been hitherto regarded As uncontrollable will soon be forced to submit to the Power of this age of invention and Progress. We have already witnessed the triumphs of human ingenuity almost miraculous and far greater than the bridging of this fresh water sea and the rendering it obedient to our will. F the men who can zone this continent with Iron bind the old world to the new with metallic cables ride across hemispheres in palaces drawn by chariots of fire and talk to each other across oceans with the Tongue of the lightning have certainly Learned to control not Only the currents of the Rivers which irrigate our lands but those of the seas which touch our shores. They can easily manage the motion of a the father of Waters a protect themselves against its natural and wild irregularities and make its boundless Energy Beneficent to Man. It remains for you to apply this Mode for your own Benefit and Tho welfare of your cons try. If you will now act Tho part of enlightened patriots and awake to your present interests and those of your posterity Yon will utilize this plan immediately. Time is Money in All seasons. It is especially so in this growing country and fast age. Oliero there Are so Many competitors for the prize of Tho Southern and tropical Trade in Europe and our own country and where your City has Many rivals in Tho struggle for the commercial scepter of the great West in the completion of her water and railway com inn locations with the South temperate and torrid zone upon which her Success will depend a there is no Luok in Leisure a Aud a there is danger in then let me urge you again to look of the South. There is Ophir. There is the India of America. Look South Down to those Fertile to Gions through which and toward which the great River Rolls its Waters. States islands republics and empires Are there some of them struggling with anarchy and barbarism and bleeding from the wounds of civil and foreign War others Are emerging from the Wilde rules and political confusion and advancing in Civilli Zaniou and the whole destined in a few years to be blessed with a More prosperous condition. We May reasonably Hope to see our Southern states the West indies Mexico Central America Venezuela the Guiatas and Brazil All blessed with stable governments and United with the states of the upper Valley of Tho Mississippi by the closest and most lucrative commercial ties. This City should bid promptly and strongly and work diligently to secure the Trade of those Rich and Winter less climes for which there Are so Many competitors. Even now the a Alue of Trade is almost incalculable. It is not half developed. Yet Cotton Coffee sugar molasses tropical fruits costly Woods medicines Dye stuffs Gutta Percha India rubber Gold Silver Platina and diamonds Are among the costly productions Aud offered la Kulli Nicod abut dance in exo Hango for your freights. But if it is so abundant now what will it he in the future and when it shall be developed by a few years of peace and Wise government ? in order to secure it you have Only to connect your City with Tho Gulf remove the obstructions from Tolfe Mississippi River and Send Down to those countries through its Mouth and Over the sea by the shortest and most direct hues to their ports precisely those articles of traffic which they need most and which you possess in greater abundance and can Send them More cheaply Aud by Quick for routes than they can possibly obtain them from Europe or Tho Eastern cities. In those countries they can not Oure Bacon and raise wheat. They Are destitute of Iron. They need Mills and boilers agricultural implements hardware cutlery arms and. Ammunition clothing shoe6, harness carriages and manufactures of All sorts in addition to your pork and flour. Tho Amazon and Tho Mississippi Rivers and All the great Rivers which empty into the Carri Beau sea and Tho Gulf of Mexico Between their Mouths Are most singularly connected by the equatorial current which forms the Gulf Stream and their connection indicates the commercial relations Aud reciprocal ties which ought to bid together Tho vast regions through which they flow. The Amazon runs from West to East almost directly under the Equator and its great tributaries Pise on both sides of it and pour Tho tropical Rains into it whether the Sun is on cancer or Capricorn. The Mississippi flows from North to South almost at right angles to it. The Rio negro the largest Northern affluent continues its course from the Emerald River South into the Amazon. The Emerald River divides into two equal portions one Liaf of which makes the Cassi quire River Widich flows into the Rio negro and the other Branch empties into the Orinoco which Mouths on the Northern Shore of South America. Both these great Forks of the Emerald River Are navigable for Large vessels and connect the Amazon and the Orinoco by a natural ship canal from their Mouths through the most Fertile regions of that great continent. From the Mouth of Tho Amazon to the Mouth of the Mississippi the equatorial current flows against the Eastern shores of South and North America touching the Mouths of the Orinoco the Magdalena the san Juan Rio Grande and Brazos. Bottles thrown out at the Mouth of the Amazon Are always stranded on Galveston Island or Terrebonne Parish or some other parts of the coasts of Texas of Louisiana. A vessel without hoisting a sail May steer with Bare a poles from the Mouth of the Amazon to the Mississippi and on this singular voyage it might torn h at every port of Guiana Venezuela new Gre Nada Costa Rica Guatemala Honduras mex co and Texas and bring specimens of their cos Cly productions to Exchange with those of Thi s Valley. The Amazon rushes into this tropics 4 current with one great Mouth without a bar. The Mississippi is struggling to get in the Frame condition. Remove the obstructions at the Mouth and there will be nothing to Hinde r the direct inter navigation Between these great Rivers which were formed by nature to Exclia be their products. It has been ascertained by Experiment that the commonly received idea Thi at Grain shipped by the Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico is in danger of souring is Alt age Thor erroneous. This idea originated in rival interest and it has been obstinately held from the same motive. The thermometer never Rise g As High in the summer on Tho lower Mississippi As it does in now York and the atmosphere contains no More moisture. There is More wind for on the Mississippi and the Gulf of Mexico. There is no More danger of flour souring on the route from this City to new Orleans than there in from it to new York. If Tejere is not then there is no reason Why ii our from sinew Orleans to Veracruz or Havana should sour while that from new York to the same i tropical ports should remain Sweet. But the exp it ariment Lias been fairly made Aud that Shippe d from new Orleans ranks with that shipped from any Northern port. But certainly that which is sent to new Orleans in Winter and shipped from it in the same Cool sea on is As Safe As that which is sent to the East from Chicago in tile summer. It is in the Winter that you need the Mouth of the Mississippi Tor an outlet. The business season in new Orl ears is in the Winter when the Market of Nev York is closed against you. But you will soon and that All outlets at All seasons will be necessary for the commercial activity of this great City and that the most important of All is the Mouth of the Mississippi which must let your Trade flow out to the tropics. Your business men must be the manufacturers and the commission and forwarding merchants for those favored climes and the distributors of All that you obtain from them in return to the millions of the West whom you can attract to this great entrepot for their tropical supplies. Else you must to Content to Trado with the tropics through Eastern ports and pay the expense of a transit one thousand Miles out of the direct course of Commerce by the Mississippi and leave its profit to others which i am certain you Are too Wise to do. The Aid we ask you to give us in opening the Mouth of the Mississippi to this lucrative foreign Trade will open at the same time a do Mestizo Market in proportion As it promotes the Prosperity of its lower Valley. Thia Market Ano Raed by the planters of the Gulf states was exceedingly profitable to the North and West before the War. They purchased mules horses Corn nay Oats and every sort of provender i Rury my Al a re lard and All the f farm Orchard Garden Aud Dairy toilers wagons plows bar rows and All the varieties of agricultural implements hardware cutlery and whatever tools or furniture were need for the mansion or out House besides clothing and Evett manufacture of convenience which this pity ban furnish to Supply the countless wants of men. Each one of these planters afforded a Market of some value. But a myriad of those wee thy plantations whose Trade in Western produce and manufactures ranged from a thousand to a Hundred thousand dollars Are now left desolated by the War Aud Are wildernesses of weeds aft Bushes or unsightly marshes overwhelmed by the Waters of the Mississippi which have rushed Over them from crevasses Aud broken levees. The company which i represent proposes to protect the plantations yet remaining from destruction and to prevent the levees now existing and All others that May be built from Oak ing and to give stability to the Banks of the River and Security against overflow to the plantations of sugar and Cotton in the Fertile Bottom. It will do this important work in proportion As its capital shall be increased and assist so far la the resettlement and the increase of the value and production of it. In Tho same proportion it will enlarge the Homo Market and add to the wealth of your merchants and manufacturers and multiply the profits of your capitalists who May choose to be its stockholders for their individual advantage and the Good of our country. In regard to the restrictions imposed by the unwise municipal regulations of new Orleans of which there Lias been such just complaint i have to say that they have been partially removed and they All will let a cast off until she has made herself a free port to the Trade of the West. The Rule of the bourbons of France and Spain is at an end Evory where the last of that stupid race of tyrants has recently been dethroned. The great Napoleon said a the bourbons learn they have Learned that they can no longer reign. Under their Leaden Rule new Orleans struggled into existence and their restrictive policy Long smothered its growth. But Young America has gotten into Power there the Young America to whom Patrick Henry spoke when he said a Fetter not Commerce. Let her be free As air. She will Range the whole creation and return upon the wings of every wind to bless the land with new Orleans will satisfy All the demands of the West and make her port As free As Boston or new York oras the air itself if you require it. Predicting the ultimate overthrow of the policy of new England in taxing the agricultural regions of our country by oppressive tariffs Patrick Henry foretold that the controlling Power of America would ultimately be seated in Tho great Valley of the Mississippi. It is already Here enthroned and Tho 18,000,000 of Tho industrious occupants of the lauds fertilized by the main River Aud its affluent have the Power to Wield this government As they choose. They will never consent that any obstruction to Tho free Trade of this invaluable River shall Ever rest upon it. A i will now proceed to give a Brief explanation of the Roaf Yms for the organization of the United states navigation improvement company and of Tho patented method by which it proposes to do its work. After Tho plan had been matured thoroughly examined and adopted by the Academy in order that it might be utilized and put in practical operation it was patented and Tho patents transferred to Tho company that Tho inducement of pecuniary profit might so Aid patriotism that Tho work it proposes to do might be done. The coir Pauy was organized upon the reasonable supposition that patriots will certainly work Well for the Good of the country for Good pay. Aud much Public work will be done Well when the More and better it is done the More and better will be the recompense of the labourers. It was al60 thought a Groat work like building a Railroad across the continent or improving the navigation of the Mississippi would be More efficiently done by a company than by the government unaided by such a corporation for experience has proven that Tho government has never done Well any such work alone but that it will compensate Well a corporation which in. De takes and performs it . This company can not work upon any Harbor or upon the Mississippi River except As the servant or agent of the United states government subject in All things to its authority. The people have Beo Omo justly disgusted with the abortive efforts made to remove the bars at the Mouth of the Mississippi by contract with individuals who possessed neither Tho capital nor Tho proper method by which the work could be done. This company with its approved and patented method will do the work effectually Aud in order that the government May not be Frood i Ciu of its responsibility it will lease its right it if it is thought proper to he used of that particular bar or it will do Liat particular work under the direction of the chief Engineer of the United states army As the employee of the government for wages. If employed to exo Cuto the task it will ask no control of the Gre it River or any tax upon its navigation. It will however certainly present its claims to Emp ailment by the government which will not hesitate to accept its service. All the expensive e efforts heretofore made at a Cost of so reral millions to remove the bar of the Sou a West pass have so far been abortive. In to the last and Tho most expensive of a ii i have just received authentic information from one of the most influential members of the chamber of Commerce of new Orleans t hat the new dredge boat employed there has proven a failure. To says in a letter dated november 3 a last evening in the chamber of Commerce i saw Captain York of the Tow boat lines and lie assures me that Tho Essa Yors the Drod gang boat is a perfect failure and Wil i never succeed. It is now in this City for repairs leaking so badly they can hardly keep it a powerful company organized to do such work with a of Spital sufficient to perform if under the direction of skillful engineers would be the most useful Ever formed in this country and its profits worn id be very great even if it did not have the exclusive use of the Only practicable method by which such operations can be accomplished. The Obier gets and character of Tho company Are Best explained by its published prospectus and charter. It is called the United states navigation improvement company because it proposes to do its work upon any Waters of our country As Well As upon those of the West and South. Thoj capital Stock of it is $.5,000,000, represented by 20,000 shares of $250 each. As soon As $2,500,000 shall be subscribed ten per cent will be collected making $250,000, which will be sufficient it is thought for it to commence its opera ions yet no percentage on tie subscriptions will be collected until the company shall have made a contract for work and no such Contra it will be made unless it will be lucrative. A such contracts could be made now if its o Attal was subscribed each one of which would make it from 100 to 500 per cent. It is expected that but Little of the Money subscribed will Ever be required to be paid and it will be the interest of the stockholders not to be called upon for payment if it can be avoided. And it May be first by the Sale of the reserved shares of the company second by the lease of its Patent under particular contracts to the United states government to the corporations of cities to Railroad and navigation companies Aud individuals third by Cash payments or Money paid in and sauce for work done fourth and the company expects to receive the Aid of donations of Laud such As have always been freely made in Texas and other states to Aid railroads and the improvement of Rivers. The outlay of the company will to very Small As the implements with which it will do its work Are very simple and cheap such As Strong and rough steam tugs and barges and wooden cribs tilled with Loose stones to be dumped Aud craned into position where they May be needed. To form an idea of the profits of this company you have Only to consider the variety and vast amount of useful labor now requiring its performance. 1. That class which it will have to do with the consent or in Tho employ of the United states government Cueli As the removal of the bar at the Southwest pass bars Between islands and at the Mouths of All our great Rivers Fri it a the Roanoke to the Rio Grande made by Tho deposits brought Down from their Fertile valleys obstructing Many such important harbours As Beaufort Wilmington Charleston Savannah Mobile Galveston Vela co Brownsville Ami Many others. 2. Contracts with cities Aud railroads and River companies. Omaha St. Joseph Alton. Columbus Cairo Vicksburg and St. Louis Aud others too numerous to mention Are All threatened with being undermined or left deserted by shifting Oha nuels of the Missouri. And Mississippi and the property of railroads upon to Weir Banks is in continual danger of excavation Aud destruction. I saw recently sixty acres of land belonging to the Pacilio Railroad company at Omaha in this critical condition and the St. Joseph and Council Bluffs Railroad is la equal danger wherever the Missouri River approaches it. 3. Numerous contracts can be made immediately for Money or Laud with the thousands of planters whose levees Fields and Homes Are tumbling into the Mississippi River or Are menaced with ruin by its current. But it is unnecessary to specify More of such court arts. If you will glance for a moment at the Waters of the Interior and coasts of our immense territory you will borne to the conclusion that there is necessary and prof Tadle work enough for this company to do if its capital was $50,000,000, instead of $5.000,000. It possesses the Only approved and patented Plati by which it can be done. Not a levee can be saved Arad not a bar at the Mouth of any River can to removed by any other known method. The great work of protecting the whole Valley liable to inundation by Tho Mississippi the Missouri Aud their principal affluent will have to be done by the 8tates through which they flow aided by the government of the United states. It has been estimated that $30,000,000 will be required to levee their Banks. It is proposed that the states immediately exposed to inundation shall Issue levee Bonds to that amount and that e Federal government shall endorse them. If is should be done the services of this company will be required to protect the whole from being undermined. Without deflecting jetties to protect levees they Are useless. This is now so Well understood in Louisiana and the demonstration there of the plan which i now present to you has wrought such a change of opinion among engineers that any one of them who would Oon strut a levee without protecting it from the undermining action of the River by deflecting dams would be considered incompetent to practice his profession. This company is exceedingly anxious to secure its capital As soon As possible that it May be in a condition to Avail itself of All opportunities for doing such useful and profitable work. A in giving you an Opportunity of taking Stock in this Oompaul i have no hesitation in asserting that it will prove to be the most profitable and at the same time the safest now in the markets of Amer Lea and Europe. The interests of the company Are seedbed by its character from All financial convulsions. It is Independent of All party politics composed As it is of men entertaining different religious and political opinions and living la All parts of our country. It can not be affected by civil revolutions. If local insurrections Are stirred at its Headquarters they can be promptly moved to one of its agencies. It will make Money steadily and continually in peace As Well As War whether its work shall be done on the Connecticut or Sacramento at the Mouth of Tho Missouri or Tho Rio Grande in Galveston Bay or Boston Harbor. But this Security does not attach itself to other kinds of Stock in which our people have invested Many millions of dollars. The vast sums they have expended in government securities May be swamped by an election turned to waste paper by repudiation or scattered to the four winds in dust and ashes by a revolution. Money invested in railroads depends for its return and accumulation upon Many contingencies. All railroads have their rivals. The Mississippi River has no rival. It will Ever flow to the Ocean alone in its unrivalled grandeur this company possesses the Only Mode for controlling Aud utilizing its giant Force. Its charter runs for Twenty Tivo years and its patents and charter can be renewed and its Power May be exercised so Long solties Are submerged and Fields Are drowned by Tho swelling tides and its Beneficent work May to continued and its rewards increase while the great River flows and Tho Ocean Rolls for the use of Man. I assure you that in subscribing your names As stockholders you Are not investing your Money in a doubtful Petroleum scheme which May Send it Down to a the Bottom of the Well where it May lie like truth. You will have to pay no Money unless you make a contract for work and i am very certain the company will do no work we the it Good pay. I invite you to participate in no chimerical undertaking. I do not ask you to make a Martyr of your capital to be returned Only to your souls in the rewards of eternity or in temporal blessings to Yoor posterity but i invite you to do As Only Wise men act the Only men who Advance the physical welfare of Tho country by investing to Weir Money in Public enterprises Aud works of internal improvement and who make More and Honor by so doing than they can in any other Way. You can easily see that the profits of this company will not be doubtful or Remote but certain immediate and enormous and by uniting with of Lions to secure them you Aid Tho most important and magnificent Enterprise Ever planned for the interests of this City and Tho welfare of the whole country. Tho most practicable Mode to set it in opera. Tion is to completo the Stock of this company. New Orleans 1ms already taken her full share and All that i thought advisable and prudent. The interests of All the people in this great Region Between the Allegri Aries and Rocky mountains Tho Gulf of Mexico and British America Are identical Aud they will unite in a common policy. This company affords them an Opportunity to give it a practical and beneficial effect and it is expected that this great City will our tier it in a manner worthy of its Energy and Well earned renown. The general and state governments will give us All the Aid to require when they find us ready for our useful work. Eighteen millions of people drink the water that is carried to the Ocean by the Mississippi. They cultivate the soil and work the mines of its Valley. The products of their Industry Are increasing annually. No railroads or artificial canals Are now sufficient to carry them with Economy and dispatch to Tho Gulf and the Atlantic ports. The difficulties of transportation will multiply year after ear with the growth and the production of this vast agricultural area. There is but one conveyance sufficient to transport and to discharge into the Ocean the mighty contents of this a a Lorn of abundance a filled by the hand of cores and that is a the great River itself. God has made it the fertilizer and the Carrier of its own magnificent Vale. The eighteen millions of freemen who now possess it have a right to use it and to demand of their government that it shall be what the god who made it intended it should be for themselves and their posterity. Then let Chicago and St. Louis Lay aside to Weir rivalries unite with Cincinnati and Pittsburg Louisville and new Orleans and with every City town and Liam let from the Heads of the Missouri and Ohio and from Lake Itasca and Lake Michigan to the Mouth of the Mississippi and let these United millions of freemen speak to Congress with one mighty voice and demand that this great River shall be opened and freed from All Quot obstructions to their Trade with the world and it will be done. Ing a Friend that could accommodate the two unfortunates but they saw the Point of the joke Aud lit out in a marvellously Lively was. Apropos of greenness How will this do considering the lateness of the season we had our Railroad Toffee on the boat before leaving for the cars and everybody Drew from the Tureen for himself. One lady with two youngsters went for Tho Coffee savagely. She turned the Stream on but that exhausted her Stock of Genius Aud the first thing we knew the cup was running Over from Richmond ind. Correspondence Cincinnati commercial. Richmond ind., november 17, 1868 just a Little before High noon to Day i landed in the a sucker City of the West. If there is any Force in the adage a the longest Way round is the surest Way Home a or elsewhere i certainly reached Richmond by a sure route. Leaving the Center of civilization a or Hoosier Dom. Wheeli is the sane thing a i took a run Down to Cincinnati innocently supposing that enough bohemians would remain in Indiana to keep things from spoiling. Imagine my sensation on finding Lingo of the Lafayette courier hol Laway of the Indianapolis journal and Harding of the Mirror All there before me. One of your editors intimated in a local that i was detained Over night in Cincinnati by fog in the that gentleman very Well knows that those steamed oysters for which he footed the Bill were the a a fog that detained both a Aud the undersigned. If he Calls these a fogs in the River a i desire now to give notice that i am ready to be a a detained by a dozen steamed three to Liffey a Day from now till the close of the fog season. By the politeness of the officers of the Lively Little Steamer lady Grace i was permitted to enjoy a delightful trip Down to Vevay. This is a snug Little City half Way to Louisville and is next to the oldest settlement in Indiana actor Dong to its a oldest in the year 1800 Uncle Sam took a Liberal fit and gave a Grant of several thousand acres of land to some Swiss people on condition that they should Experiment in and develop the raising of vineyards along the sunny hillsides Down there. This soon became a Large and enterprising Swiss Community for whom the town of a Vevay a and the a county of a Switzerland a was afterwards called. Some of the original settlers Are still there but their names Are so crooked that i Eany get them stowed a atm the shelves of my memory so i give it up. Some of the old houses Are still standing also quaint and venerable but very comfortable looking withal. Vevay has its geological peculiarity also which is the fact that there is no Bottom to it although built on the Ohio River Bottom. There is not a Well in Vevay they Tell me. No water can be found above the level of the River bed Aud before you get that deep the Bottom Falls out and you can get buried in Quick Sand in very Short notice if you go Down there. The City dug one Well a few years ago and it has furnished them amusement Ever since in filling it up. Every year numberless cart loads of dirt Are dumped into the Insatiate maw of Mother Earth at that spot but the demand for a a More is unabated. If minister Burlingame will ascertain whether or not the chinese Are playing off a trick on the citizens of Vevay to May prevent unpleasant consequences As they May take to pouring Nitro Glycerine Down there some of these Days. It wont do to play jokes on a Switz Erlander. Strange to say scarcely a Vineyard is now to be found near Vevay notwithstanding Tolfe fact that no spot on the River seems better adapted to certain oho Ioe varieties of the grape. From my Hasty observation i am convinced that Switzerland county is about Given Over to the culture of big potatoes onions and other Radical products. While at Vevay i enjoyed the Hosp tallies of professor r. F. Brewington one of Indiana a coming men. He is now superintendent of the City schools and is immensely popular As an educator. Some other cities Are casting a jealous Eye Vevay Ward but they have not yet attracted the favourable attention of the professor. I had a Sweet time coming Bank to Cincinnati. The gentlemanly clerk on the mail boat gave me a Good berth by special request. It was immediately under the roof where the Steps Home Down from the upper deck. I done to think i was awake died More than Twenty or thirty times during the night by those who came thundering Down on the roof above me. At that delightful hour of which Parepa sings �?5 of Olock in the morning i tumbled out in the mud and rain and was carted by a hibernian to the Hamilton and Dayton depot just in time to witness the closing scenes in a Confidence game that did no to quite win. James Newman of Sokoto county was on the train going with his family to Iowa. The seat across the Way was occupied by a Plain looking Young Man just going to Chi ago who was specially kind to or. Newman. Just As the train was starting Chicago Many a brother oame in. Informing him that the goods had to be prepaid and a fifty was needed. Chicago Man had nothing but a $100 Bill. Newman was requested to change it but thought he co ulant to. He was then urged to j ust Advance $60 on it till Chi ago could see some one who had change As the Young Man would have to Stop Over unless he would get it. Newman commiserated the Young Many a misfortune but he guessed he invest. Just then i started to gel up with a View of find stopped in mercy to our own stomachs while the bewildered female proceeded to relieve her mind As to the comparative merits of the old Coffee pot and these a newfangled that Hamilton and Dayton Road is getting to be almost an Elysium on wheels. The Superb scenery along the route the new station houses a the neatest in the West and the almost motionless skim bldg along the Well ballasted Road Render it one of the roads that travellers Delight to take into their route when at All possible. One thing we must complain of. After Riding till nearly 10 of clock with nothing to eat but that Coffee the brakeman opened the door and loudly shouted i took an eager Survey of every thing animate and inanimate and then turning inquiringly upon a passenger i ejaculated a can this be Eaton a a lady Over the Way answered affirmatively. I was bending to remark that i held myself in readiness to eat any reasonable amount of it when-1 was Ruth les8ly rolled away. I protest that the company should either give us a Twenty minutes for lunch at Hamilton or else refrain from harrowing up our feelings by these allusions to Eaton. But i have got around to my starting Point. Arrived at Richmond there stood doctor Newton still True to those hospitable instincts so often tested during the a sanitary Campaign a waiting to conduct me to the Good cheer and delightful associations of his comfortable Home. The state Temperance Alliance not meeting until 2 p. M., the doctor showed me around the Clov. I find Richmond fully up with any of its neighbors in new and substantial improvements. Most conspicuous of its new Public buildings is the new Odd Fellows halon the Corner of main and fifth streets. This is one of the largest buildings in the state and will contain one of the most spacious Public Halls in the West. This Structure is truly an ornament to the state. Two very Beautiful Church edifices Are also going up rapidly costing about $40,000 apiece. One is for the old Union Chapel methodist congregation Aud is being built a up town a on the Corner of seventh and Broadway. The other is for the Baptist congregation and is on the Corner of eighth and main and is one of Tho beauties in Church architecture. A stately school building on the old Publio Square and a new Church and school building built by the Hicks let and another by the a a progressive quakers May be added to the recent substantial ornaments of the City. About the Alliance it met at 2 p. In the new friends Church on fifth Street. The attendance of Temperance people was quite Large coming from every Point of the Compass and representing every Branch of the Christian Hureh and also the sons templars hosts of Temperance Young templars masons and Odd Fellows. This Large attendance is significant. The president not having arrived on motion of Rev. J. B. Abbet of Indianapolis chaplain Lozier of Indianapolis was called to the chair and s. T. Montgomery of Kokomo chosen Secretary pro Tern. Rev. S. F. Gillett d. D., of Indianapolis opened the exercises with prayer. On motion of William Baxter of Richmond Thomas Bur sell j. B. Abbet Daniel Roberts e. B. Reynolds and mrs. Mary Thomas were appointed a committee on credentials. Rev. H. Mendenhall the president having arrived took the chair and proceeded to address the meeting briefly. He stated that this session of the Alliance was called chiefly for the purpose of considering and determining what measures shall be instituted for an Advance movement of the Temperance forces of the state and suggested the appointment of certain committees which were chosen As follows of business William Baxter of Richmond or. L. Abbet. Of Indianapolis Rev. R. Toby of Richmond Daniel Roberts of Pendleton and j. C. Moses of Peru. On resolutions�?8. Johnson Wayne. J. Ii. Lozier of Indianapolis k. B. Reynolds of Winchester Al. J. Meek of Knightstown j. W. Mellender of Connerville r. T. Brown of Indianapolis w. Frazee of Winchester s. T. Montgomery of Kokomo w. H. Mares of Greensburg Enoch Kinley of Camden and j. Stanton. Of Quakertown. On finance a. Aken of Richmond c. Martindale of Greenfield Rev. L. Walters Rev. E. Goodwin of Indianapolis and Rev. C. Miller of Richmond. To Devi so plans for the butt by instruction of the children in Charles coffin colonel j. W. Ray Rev. S. T. Gillett Rev. S. Metts and a. Bail. The organizing auxiliaries in counties not or Aniz Kph a. Jones of Richmond a. Way of win Hester Aud Rev. E. B. Ingersoll of Indianapolis. These committees being appointed and their meetings announced the Alliance adjourned till 9 of Clook to Morrow. To night mass Temperance meetings Are being held in two churches in the City. One of these meetings is being addressed by Rev. H. Mendenhall of Indianapolis and Rev. A c. Irwin of Greensburg. The other is being addressed by Rev. J. W. Mellender of Connersville Rev. C. Martindale or Greenfield and a. Tay of Winchester. Concerning these meetings you May hear More another Day. Jargo net Liz. Second Days proceedings. Richmond november 18, 1868. The mass meetings last night were largely attended the churches being packed full of people. The speeches of Mellender and Martindale were Brief and Lively and their meeting was out Ion g before that at Pearl Street Church. Rev. H. Mendenhall made a Speerli of an hour and three quarters length. Rev. J. C. Irwin followed with a carefully prepared written address full of interest and Well received though delivered under the embarrassment of the late hour and the weariness of the audience. The exercises were interspersed with songs by a choir of joking gentlemen and ladies and also a Solo by miss Julia Mcmeans in the character of a Little Barefoot ragged drunkards child. Some ref ures of her performance were much admired. Colonel Ray of Indianapolis also made a few Pithy remarks by request of the president Charles coffin. The meeting adjourned at 11 of clock. Wednesday mornings proceedings. The Alliance opened with religious services by Rev. R. Spellman of Hagerstown. If. C. Jones was made Secretary pro tem. On motion of the Secretary All persons present who have been elected delegates to this Alliance were invited to take part in the deliberations thereof without further payment of fees. C. W. Stagg corresponding Secretary presented and read his report. The committee on order of business presented a further report which was Laid on the table for the present. The committee on Temperance work among children reported through colonel Ray. After remarks by messes. Baxter Ray Abbet Goodwin Lemon Gillett Frazee Stagg Spellman and Lozier the report was recommitted with instructions to strike out certain items not contemplated in the formation of this Alliance. The report was then presented and adopted As follows a a whereas All Laws enacted by the legislative authority of the state must be sustained by Public opinion and such opium of must be developed and cultivated and a Kwh Rhea the cause of Temperance must move Side by Side with virtue and religion and Quot whereas the impressions and convictions of childhood and youth Are most frequently steadfast and permanent therefore be it Quot resolved that we recommend that in every Sabbath school in the state of Indiana there be organized with All possible dispatch a by Werli of the Indiana state Temperance Alliance in which membership shall be Grantt to any Meinzer of the Sabbath school who will sign the following pledge a we the undersigned do agree that we will not use intoxicating liquors As a beverage Aud in All suitable ways we will discount Nance their use throughout the Community and will spare no laudable Effort to destroy the traffic a resolved that we earnestly request every pastor and superintendent in the state frequently to present to the children the cause of Temperance insisting on the great importance of total abstinence from the use of intoxicating liquor As a personal virtue and the prohibition of the traffic As necessary for the Protection of the Community. A resolved that this meeting appoint a committee of three to wait upon the state Board of education Aud request the introduction of suitable instruction and text books into the Public schools of the state that will fully educate the children in regard to the evils of intemperance showing the debasing and destroying effects of the use of alcoholic drinks upon the mental moral and physical Constitution of Man. A pc. F. Coffin chairman. A a a. W. Ray professor Brown from the committee on resolutions and legislature presented the following. Quot resolved that it is the duty of the legislature to relieve the state from All responsibility for the evils growing out of the Sale of intoxicating liquors by a repeal of All Laws licensing or authorizing the traffic. Quot resolved that the legislature is in duty bound to adopt such measures As will Best protect the property health lives and morals of those whom they represent. A resolved that it is the fixed conviction and unanimous opinion of this Alliance that nothing Short of unqualified prohibition of the traffic in intoxicating beverages will effectually secure these ends. Quot resolved we pledge ourselves to the maintenance of Auy legislation looking to this end provided that such legislation does not under any circumstances authorize the traffic nor permit it except when demanded by a majority of the citizens of the township or Ward. A a a. H. Lozier. A a r. T. Brown a a e. B. Reynolds. A a a. J. Mere v j. W. Mellender a a w. Frazee a a 8. T. Montgomery a a w. H. Myers a a j. s. Johnson till other member of the commit tee concurred in the report except that part after the word a provided a in the fourth Resolution. Pending the consideration of the fourth Resolution the Alliaume took a recess till half past 1 of clock. Afternoon session. Religious services were conducted by Rev. J. B. Abbet. The chair appointed colonel Ray or. Abbet and professor Brown a committee to coffer with the state Board of education As per Resolution touching the instruction of children. The fourth Resolution relating to Temperance legislation was taken up. C. A Stagg moved to strike out All after the Woi messes. Brown Ray Lemon Montgomery a Tbs Lozier and Moffatt Oppia a a tie striking out and messes. Goodwin b or Spillman Kinley Stagg Miller a Rte be Tibbets Houghton and miss Way Favot Dow or. Gillett moved to Amend by striking Owall after the words a permit this motion prevailed and the report As amended was adopted. The following Resolution was adopted a resolved that a. H. Lozier r. T. Brown j. W. Rav m. H. Mendenhall and a w. Stagg be appointed a com Mittee to represent this Alliance before the next legislature and also to employ such agencies As shall be necessary to secure the organization of county alliances auxiliary to this the committee on enrolment reported through t. Burdsall chairman. The committee a it a finance reported through l. Walters Secretary. Or. Frazee offered a Resolution favouring such constitutional changes As will authorize the election of a vice president and Secretary in each congressional District who shall Call meetings in their respective districts reporting their proceedings up to the state Alliance at its annual sessions. A Resolution was passed ordering the publication of the address of j. C. Irwin in the proceedings of the Alliance. On motion of major Kinley a committee was appointed to attend the state teachers Assoc la citation soon to Convene at Richmond and Lay before them their action concerning the instruction of children and solicit their co operation. The chairman appointed messes. Kinley tax ter coffin Hadley and Toby that committee. H. Jones moved that it be the sense of this meeting that the Constitution be so amended As not to require the payment of the fee of one Dollar for Mere participation in a meeting of the association but Only for annual membership. Carried. Then came a vote of thanks for Hospital ties and then a string of motions and remarks by nearly every body who had not got his name in the minutes upon which the floodgate was finally shut Down by a Resolution to adjourn to meet in annual session at Indianapolis in february next. To night mass meetings Are being held in the first presbyterian Church addressed by general Jiroy g. G. Miitchell and John Moffatt of Ohio. Also in Earlham College addressed by e. B. Reynolds. Or. Bartholomew and professor Todd. Also in tie coloured Peoples Church addressed by r. Spellman w. Frazee and mrs. A f. Thomas. Well what of it 1 rather a hard question to answer on such Short notice. It is evident that whatever May be the prevailing sentiment throughout the state the controlling sentiment in this Alliance is Adverse to any thing but a a straight out prohibitory liquor Law. That the prohibition of Tho traffic in intoxicating liquors is the ultimate aim of both factions of the Temperance people of the state is clearly apparent in the first three resolutions which were agreed upon by the entire committee and adopted unanimously. The sole Point of difference is As to what kind of legislation will most speedily secure this object. A majority of the Alliance says nothing but a prohibitory Law will do it and those who differ in opinion can Only Hope that the results of the proposed Experiment May vindicate the correctness of a judgment that they Are compelled at present to accept with serious misgivings. Jargo . John w. Coleman sr., one of the oldest Citi ens of Kenton county died suddenly night before last at his residence for and a half Miles from Covington. Deceased was a Man of Large Means. Most of his property is in Cincinnati. Detective Butts who went to Cynthiana Kentucky a few Days since having la custody two men whom he arrested Here for larceny alleged to have been committed in Harrison county informs us that he found the jail at the above place so full that to use his own language a the prisoners feet were sticking out of the he was in consequence compelled to place the men he had under arrest in charge or officers to be guarded until their trial takes place. Newport. The circuit court of Campbell county meets in this City on tuesday next. Toughio Ghent Coal is Selling at for dollars per Load of Twenty five bushels. The Stock in the Newport Yards is not Large. The Newport and Cincinnati Bridge company have had executed a Beautiful lithograph of the Structure with which they propose spanning the Ohio River at this Point. The following correspondence Between the committee appointed by a meeting of the citizens and colonel James Taylor in regard to the ferry question explains itself a a Newport ky., november 12, 1868. A colonel James Taylor a dear sir the undersigned were appointed a committee to Lay before you the accompanying resolutions and to solicit from you an Early reply to the same that your reply May be Laid before the citizens in mass meeting to assemble on saturday evening the 14th just. A a the citizens feel themselves deeply aggrieved by the rates now charged by the ferry company. The increase from the commutation rates of $8 per year for a family to $2 per Hundred for tickets makes the increase in some cases six Hundred per cent., and this generally Falls upon the poorer classes who Aro Illy Able o Bear the additional tax. This Breeds a bad feeling in the Community and works to the detriment and against the Prosperity of the City. The ferry company has agreed to commute tickets to $1 40 per Hundred by a consent order when the county court meets hut claim that the heavy rent charged for the franchise precludes any further concessions to the Community and the citizens Appeal to you id accordance with a Promise made last Winter at Frankfort to a committee that some arrangement be made with the lessees whereby a satisfactory rate of crossing the ferry May be established whereby this continual agitation and Bic Keric i May be avoided. Very respectfully a a. J. Jones o. W. Root a pc. P. Buchanan j. F. Hayden. A a a. K. West a a Newport november 18. A a. J. Jones. C. P. Buchanan w. K. West o. W. Root j. F. Hayden committee a a gentlemen absence from Home has prevented my acknowledging the receipt of your letter enclosing resolutions of the Publio meeting held on the 7th inst. I notice the preamble of the resolutions. It is based on the supposition that i am the owner of the Newport ferry this is a mistake. Under a Power in the will of my father i am directed to lease the ferry for the Benefit of his Devisees. I made the present lease to messes. Williamson i air. To commence the first of april last. Having made Elliis lease under the Power Given me. I have no authority or right to change the same except by the direction of Tho Devisees who Are the recipients of the monthly rents. These Devisees ate mrs. Harris mrs. Williamson the heirs of mrs. Tibbatts deceased and myself As to one fourth. As to the rates of fare neither the lessees or myself have any thing to do with them. They Are. By Law under the control of the courts who Are bound i think to make them fair and just and if so made. I do not think injustice is done to any one. In the lease to Williamson i air they bound themselves to be governed by the rates fixed by the court and at whatever rate fixed it was not to work a reduction of the rent. But As i remarked before. I have not a Power to alter or change in any Way the present lease without the direction of those for whose Benefit the same was made. The courts regulate the ferry rates on the Ohio River in this state and i do not see Why a different Rule shall up ply to this ferry from that of any other ferry on the Ohio River. If they Are too High they ought to be put Down and it is not for me or Williamson at air to say what those rates shall be nor has the leave any thing to do with it. The Only question 1�, wha Wates Are fair and just. If tie county court is wrong in fixing the rates the circuit court has Power to Correct the error and if that court errs the court of appeals can revise the decision of both courts. I do and have always regretted these contests about the ferry and its rates but it has been no fault of mine. My fathers heirs since his death have spent a Large amount of Money in trying to maintain Sneir right to this franchise and thus far have been suede isgut. I understand the Case is before the circuit a him at the present term for its Deci a a Ion and i Hope the court will so fix the rates that they shall be fair and just. A a your obedient servant James the count and countess Gergenti the son in Law and daughter of Queen Isabella arrived at Brighton a few Days ago coming from Dieppe to new Haven in a Steamer. They Are accompanied by five Spanish gentlemen and by a Large Quantity of Luggage apparently belonging to the sex Queen As the trunks Are marked a a Rugna the Captain of the Steamer relates the following circumstance concerning the counters a Early on the morning he left an elegantly Dre sed lady apparel fit not More than Twenty tame on the Bridge of the Steamer. Captain Payne somewhat surprised at the courage of so Young a lady told her that he feared she would gel wet with the Spray in so exposed a position devoted Only to the officers of the ship. The Young lady with a Sweet voice Aud pretty broken English said a is it forbidden the Captain although ignorant that it was the daughter of Isabella of Spain that was addressing him was not proof against the charms of so Graceful a Young lady and allowed her to remain in the place of her Choice. The Captain called for cushions and rugs and made the countess a comfortable Couch on the Bridge which she occupied a Tell the heat arrived at the Haven w Hen he for the first time Learne he name and position of i fair m a

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