Page 1 of Oct 8 1841 Issue of Athens Southern Banner in Athens, Georgia

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Athens Southern Banner (Newspaper) - October 8, 1841, Athens, GeorgiaBy Albon , Georgia Friday october 8, 1841. Vol. Xeno. 30. Sri sex m or in. Of .soi-1 11 , a c Disir Ibitson Bill �iclivero.4 in the sen ale of Ilio u. Six is August 24, is la. Air. Calhoun said a if this Hill should Heco tuft u Law it would make a wider l a cacti in ii cons Liouliou and he loll our d by chant is More disc Lrons than any Ovic measure Wlinich has Over been adopted i would in violation of i in to far heat did the Genera Woi Faie doctrine of Oft lie Goveri quient to destroy Trio instrument for which session was Cal and dissolve us the Union from a Liili it derives led and of which this measure forms so prom Tosi udi monster obis results nil ii Ieni a part. Thee Tecl of these measures is Lito Principi on which this Jill rests Lead on to Divide and distract the country within and the Piippo Sitofi that the lands Hal is. The tor to weaken it without tie very reverse of the i lyrics fool our to the ii itch sent As they a objects for which the government Wasin Stith Are expressly declared Lodo try he Constitution. was to Irive peace Tranquility and by Deli Zulty would not be less if they i Harmony within and Power Security and res should bit As Helouis Muir to the slates without. We Lind accordingly in the air individual and separate Cliar Micier. So that without who re Stre Ortli was required . What right can this government Powers Are undivided. In exterior Reta ii nopov7er of Lac possibly have Over Ihm la is the a sent or a too so abroad this cover Mineni is the sole and Trover Nizoil As liar As it tvs then Sppon d in Quot a Quot a a a of s it it a was , however hold in a i , and Power of the Stales a h Ltd which i is this great and glorious Union. To the ate government of own to represent it in rest to of the world we Are one. Neither la Tate Hal capacity. For Liis gov i to nor state government is known beyond our to represent them in both Ca cities would be Borders. Witlin it is Dii Lerent. There we i to assume All Power to centralize the whole form distinct Independent and so Bui wide As a u i inc iii signed to the Powers of the it and imi Lod by implication that there were limits Wilile this Hill As 1 shall Siow rests on Princi i Des Wlinich if a milled would Sun it Erse de All limits. According to the general welfare doctrine a negress Lead Power to re disc Money and appropriate it to Allol j cos Ali iii it might a Tom calculated to promo Ltd the it dare a that is Ilie Prosperity of lie , in their aggregate character As men hers of the Union or to it More briefly and in system in itself. But admitting this hold Assumption on what principle of right or Justice if the really i Eisong to the Stales or which is tile some thing if Ilic Ruenne from die lands Lici nug to them can tins govern-1 Wlinich Are delegated to it. The first is those Meiji impose the limitations in scribed i that were necessary to the discharge of exin the Hill what right has it on that sep Elerior fun Lions such As declaring War Rais foreign , each Willi separate government whose Powers Are As exclusive within As Hal of this government Wil Honl i with the exception of three cd tissues of Powers Down to 1828, when tie system reached full growth in the Tarim toi int year and Whai from that period to the termination of the late election which brought the present party into Power has disturbed the of Harmony and Tranquility of Ilio country deranged currency interrupted business endangered us Liberty and institutions but a struggle on one Side to Over Hiow and on the other to uphold the system 1 in Hal struggle it fell prostrate and what now agitates the country a Liat causes this extraordinary session with All excitement but the struggle on the part of those in Power to restore the system to incorporate a Bank to re enact a protective Tariff to distribute to a Revenue from the Hinds to originate another debt and renew the system of wasteful expenditures and the resistance or the part of the opposition to prevent it gentlemen talk of settling these questions they i Iceie themselves. H hey cry peace peace when there is no peace. There never can be peace till Alliey Are abandoned or till Wiir free and popular institutions Are succeeded by the Calm of despotism and Liat not till the spirit of our Nair ionic and inn Ioria Silion to approx Vialo funds belonging Ollu j my armies providing a Livy and raising Rev ancestors who achieved our Independence i an pm it. Once so common to National , to the use of tie Quieu in Junue. Tie reason for delegating these re and established Wiir glorious political system he , a Illi Quot of Cut it for or in Coso he Price of the Viires no Cpl to nation. The next class con that wore not notional of Lohn within the. A it spheres of the Separak. States As wide As Are ,.above la Miry pm r cedi no and Valorme. J the Stales among themselves considered Asdis Vonch and so overwhelming Are the con.sii-1 Tinct communities a Powers that could not be al Wheeli Liis measure exercised by the Stales separately and the Reg these limits they an Loo narrow for tins Hill la takes in whal is a chided under the general will Are Dorrine and assume for ? Ihu i ight tip raise Tiku a to give Ivy a to to it that is. To he applied a in them to a hot a. Very local state objects to which i Hal Kloeti inc. In a implication d nixed that. It mares it had a right to a it pm opiate Money and Ilius sep it a siding All the limits of the constitutions As far at least As tie Nisi boy Power is concerned. In he advocate s of this extraordinary doctrine have inc a attempted to restrict if in their argument to Revenue derived from Trio Public lauds but fact speak louder than words. In of est Ifie sincerity of in it if argument amond Neuls after amendments have hot eur tiered to Lufi ii no of who can overcome them who can to ring Hinse f to Volt lor this Hill a need Iro Tihle himself about constitutional scruples ii Reaf ter. He May Swallow Wil Honl lies Avion Hank Tariff and every other Union slip Lional measure Wlinich has ver been adopted or proposed. Vosil would he easier to make a plausible argument for the of the most Man Lrons of the Ineas res proposed by the abolitionists for al volition lor Lalion of which was Necess Ary to their peace Tranquility and Lii al free Intercourse social and commercial which ought to exist Between confederated . Such Are those of regulating Commerce Between the states coining Money and fixing the value to Hereof and the Standard of weights and measures. The re minding class consists of those Powers which i though not belonging to the exterior relations shall become extinct and their descendants a base and sordid rabble. Till then or till on opponents shall be expelled from Power and their Hope of restoring and maintaining to Weir system of in Easudes is id asted the struggle will be continued the Iraq Mility and Harmony of the country be disturbed and the strength and resources of the government he wasted within and duties neglected without. Blit of All the measures which constitute this pernicious system there is not one More Svi aversive of the objects for which the government was instil need a Niue More destructive of Harmony within and Security without than that now under Cousin Eralio. Its direct tendency is to Universal Discoid and distract. Lil Isof the states Are of such nature Liat Thoy could detestable Bill and yet we find from be exercised by slates separately without j Tion to array the new Stales against the old Sla Tellic very safety of whose juju ring the other such As imposing Dpi iho non indebted against the indebted the Sta depends on a st Riel construction of j imports in exercising of a Liili the Pic Agai isl the Matulac Turing one class a the Coull Ifilio recording la Weir names ii favor i states having the advantage of another and finally Llie people against a a a a the government. But 1 pass these. My object is not to Trace political consequences but to discuss the financial bearings of this measure regarded in Reiyei Einice to what ought to be the policy of the government which 1 Trust Ake Good ib7 i Quot Leri it to Lav a ver of Ilio whig party us the con Jan Chile to either of these classes but they Are t ,. ,. On i too few and inconsiderable to be regarded As limit the operation of the Neil cd clip ively in the Revonne derived from int Vornce l us Wlinich treasure from which they have nothing womb lax who would have As Oliea As Hubred live been steadily voted a a a Liat is i draw tii Cir sep Jimiy through ilium. In Asser it lows by their Antcil Voles. Bui i take higher i a Ourse so Blind to be attributed but to Hal j Ting Oliai with , the Powers of ground a la Aid of those test votes As Strong of party Zeal openly avowed on j Llue states Are Pel Sivc within i speak in Gen As Thev Are is not Uei ded to Mal a it it i floor which regards the preservation of he i Era terms. Flier Are indeed Oak cars not re Assum Loii that Ilie and Collop taxes for the separate use of the Isales. The which if is to Force Liis Bill through speak of to bpm Elvis a lung age Loo Dib incl to be mis j loud Cislon. The inn Story is Ethan Slid the revenues from the Public Laius cannot be so Arr they j a needed for the and Isicc Star a a "7r-. Govt in my it. For every Dollar 1 a Breaf a in the could not hut j Harmony and Tranquility would re iii within Side ration la has staked existed inc passage of this and the other measures for exc filious. Which this session was called on the moderate and prudent exercise of and when it is Houghl to Ilie alternative of Interior Powers the Success of the their defeat or Success in Llie anxiety to avoid a government and with it on outre polu ical the one and secure other con-1 . Mainly depends. If the Gove raiment stint Ion. Dull and All Are for gotten. A be in their to the of a measure which would make so wide and a facts for which they were Delegat a peace i have shown ought to be to lurid Ali Eumion Energy and resources from within to without a to appropriate and exclusive sphere a that of danger from abroad giving free scope and Protection to our Commerce and navigation and that elevated standing to the comiry to Wlinich it is so fairly Chi filed in the family of nations. It becomes necessary to repeat preparatory to what i propose that the object of this measure is in withdraw the Revenue from the Public lands from the Treasury of the Union to be res on a divided among the states that the prob directed danger i l in Ciuc file or a i acct in to can raising Monck j it a a. Ashcom to 111-<livi<io l sillies i Sny that such find so sorrent would Mercial and Inavie alibis Lii Lerest and Loa Quiro and Ilio. Same Amonini from them to sep a a a 1. Quot it disturb end coif Onidi the rela that Weiert and for on name m thaut tiny one who but of this Dilli culty can to Point it out. Coulis Sermon nerd. Fancy. Lick the pm Cipfl no Kellk Revenue on which i this Hill rests can come in conflict with the governments of. Not r i Label Khod �11 1 it Woicul follow As Ceria Iilva us Ibe states or Niiler Femc with their Interior Pali g1 aval nothing unless Ano Ihei not Nilor a in us i i cd and iii Eros this government with a a Wouri aval a Onnig Siuk ,.nmuiu. Met and j cd and it Eros this government with our tor. Can also be i old y Ihns of Ilio Stales would be placed in .mlaiio-1 Quot Bole political system would work Liko a Antcli the veve Inie pro Pomin Nisi relations on All exe Epi the collect a Barm and become ibo admiration of Theca or a Semio , would wond. , left within am Cost to much in prop Orl purchased from Spain or to Wisiana from France. If Money cannot lie raised from customs or other sources for Disimi bunion. 1 ask. How can Money derived from the Sab a of land per chasm a with Money raised from the or other source he distributed among the slates if the. Money could not Lee distr in item before it j was vested in Laud on what it be when in is converted Back again into Money by i flip sales of the land i if prior to the in re base it was Sunli Jeff in making appropriations to the limits proscribed by Ibe Constitution How can if after having Hen converted Back again into Money by Trio Sale of Ilie land be freed from those limits ? by what Art what political al Chymiy Contd the Mere passage of the Money Nihro High the lands free in from a shackles to which it was previously sch Jeff but if Dit itchy also could he Sermon no cd Iliera is another not ic. formidable and More comprehensive Sti i to be ova arcome. If Llie lands Bodong to the states al All they must belong to to lick in one of two capacities a i a tier ill i hair federative character As members of a common Union or in their separate As i distinct and Independent . If the former this government which was created �1.s la common agent to carry into Eft eol the of Jocis for a Liili the Union was formed holds <1 0 lands Asil does All other delegated Powers As a trustee for the states in to Weir Federal tia racer for the execution of Hose objects find no other purpose whatever and can of i Norse under Ilie Gram of the Constitution to dispose of the territories or other property belonging to the. United states a dispose of he lands Only under Trust Powers and in execution of the objects for which they were granted by . When then the lands or other properly of the United Stales arc disposed of by Sale that is converted into Money the Trust with All limitations attaches As fully to the Money Asil did to the lands or properly of which it is the proceeds. Nor would the government have any More right to Divide the land or the Toney among the 5tales-that is to surrender it to them than it would have to surrender any other of delegated Powers. If it May sni Rehder i flier to the states in May also sri rider lie Power of declaring War laying duties or coining Money in Creed a scene of plunder and corruption i nce in All that is Desira Lilc beyond any former Wilmont parallel to be followed by dissolution example. Or an Tuire Cli adige of system. Yrs if any one measure can this Union this is Hal Ineas Nic. The i Venice the siat., said the Groat British statesman Burke. With us to Divide the Revenue among members is to Divide tie Lenou. This Hiil proposes to Divide that from the lands. Vake one. Step More to a Liili this will Lead if not arrested Divide the Revenue from the customs and whal of Union would be left ? i touched More fully on Bis and other important i it Points connected with this detestable measure during the discussions of the last session am shall not now repeat whal 1 then said. Arhat 1 now propose is. To Trace the change it Ito the states would in the first instance be Lou 10 joint in the two houses to Congress to impose a Knidon to an l indebted. States w Able annual amount that would be so drawn by Otiltia a verage lie Tuexi leu years not less ilium five millions of dollars Ami that to makeup the deficit an equal sum must be Laid on the imports. Such is the measure regarded As one of finance and the question is would it be just Wise expedient considered in bearings on what ought to be the policy of the government. Tie measure on face is hot a surrender of one of the two sources of Revenue to the states to be divided among them in proportion of equal amount on the imports that is on the foreign Commerce of the country. In every View i can take it is preposterous unequal and unjust. Regarded in most favourable aspects that is on the supposition that the Xieo ple of each state would pay Back Teiho Treasury of the Union through i the tax on the imports in order to make up the deficit a Sura equal to trial receive a by the stale As distributive share and that each individual would receive of that sum an amount equal ill proportion to what he paid of the taxes whal would that be but the Folly of giving Willi one Niimd and taking Back Willi he other it would in fact be worse. The expense of giving and taking Back must be paid for Wlinich in this Case would be one not a Little expensive and troublesome. The expense of collecting the duties on imports is known to be about ten per cent. To which must be added the expense and trouble of distribution with a differ iii proportion so that some shall pay More and others less than whal they respectively received ? whal is it but a cunningly devised scheme to take irom one slate and to give to another to reply Nisi the Treasury of some of the from the pockets of the people of the others in reality make them support tie govern Meizis and pay the debts of other states As Well As their own ? such must be the necessary result As be Woen the Stales which i May pay More than they receive and those that May receive More Titan they pay. The and inequality will increase or decrease just in proportion to the respective excess or deficit Between receipts and payments under this Flag Titus Contri Vanee for plunder. But i have not yet reached the Renli y of this profligate and wicked scheme. As unequal and unjust As it would be Lieuween stale and state it is still More so regarded in operation Between individuals it is bal we in them True character and hideous features fully disclose themselves. The Money to be Disirio baited would not go to the people but to the Legislatures of the states while that to be paid ill taxes to make up the deficiency would be taken from them individually. A Small portion of that which would go to the Legislatures would Ever reach the pockets of the people. It would be under Ilie control and management of the dominant party in the legislature mid they under the control and management of the leaders of the party. That it would be administered to the advantage of themselves and their friends and Par to inns and Hal they would profit More by their use and management of an irresponsible fund taken from nobody knows who than they would lose As payers of the tuxes to Supply place will not he doubled by any one who knows How such tilings Are managed ? what would be the result fhe whole of Tho Revenue froth the Zulmelie put it Lic Domain would if this wicked should become the settled policy go to the profit and aggrandizement of the lenders lor the time of the do minut party in the Twenty six state. Legislatures and their and supporters that is to the most if not the most wealthy clique for the time in the respective states while the deficiency would be supplied from the pockets of the great mass of the Community by tuxes on Tea Coffee Salt Iron coarse woolens Nind for the most part other necessaries of life. And Liat is that but taking from the Many and giving to the few a from those who look to their own Means and Industry for the support of themselves and families and giving to those who look to the govern Moni for support to increase tie profit and influence of political managers and their partisans and diminish that of the people when it is added that the dominant party in each state for the time would have a direct interest in keeping up and enlarging this pernicious fund and that their combined influx race must tar Llie lieu be Iuca Isible it Isdio a Ciuuto see by what Means the country can Ever extricate itself from this measure should it be once established or what limits can be prescribed to growth or the extent of the disasters which must follow. It contains the germ of mighty and fearful changes if it be once permitted to shoot roots into our political fabric unless indeed it should be speedily eradicated. In what Tanner the Eliare Hal would fall Bat if instead of restricting these Powers to their proper objects they should be perverted to those never intended if for example that of la ism Revenue should into Fiat of Pilieci iii one bran ii of Industry at the of others Hal of col leering and disbursing the Revenue into that of incorporating a great Central Hank to be located al some favoured Point and placed under local control and hat of making appropriations for specified objects into to jul of expending Money on what Ever Congress should Iliin proper All this a the of the use of the the would be a versed. Instead of Harmony and Tranquility within there would be discord distraction and conflict followed of the absorb it to i iid Minke Siroi 7firiandai7y�m v Quot of Hie government and bearings on whal ought to be the policy of tote government. I have see cod it not because it is the most import Ait but because it that which has heretofore received the least al Tea Tiou. This govern nent has heretofore Cheu supported exclusively from two sources of revel Ion the lauds and like customs excepting a Short period at Romeo Scemeni and during the late War when it Drew a Grear portion of Means from internal . The Rev j a in her part or class to Enue from lands has been co Stanlly and steadily increasing with the increase of population and May for the next ten years be safely estimated to yield an annual average income of a 5,000,�o0�o, if they should be properly a administered a sum equal to More than a four in of whal the entire expenditures of Liliu government ought to be with due Economy and restricted to Ilic objects for which it was instituted. This Bill proposes to withdraw this Large permanent and growing source of Revenue irom the Treasury of the Union and to distribute it among Tho several states and the question is a would it be Wise to do so viewed As a financial measure in reference to what Anglit to he the policy of the government which brings up tie previous , what that policy to be in the order of things the question of policy precedes Hal of finance. Rite latter has reference to and Independent Oil the former. It must first be determined whal ought to b done before it can Bow much Reverio will be require to and Vhey Are All delegated by the i tin what it ought to be raised. Held my scr the to the question then what ought to for the execution of the is Vuic ii Jcu i to of such a right is neither More nor Hiss Thon the assume Tibia of a Paramo in to of ii Sci fihe right on Tho be Ifica policy of like governor Seiil the shortest and exhaustion of Means and Energy on objects never intended to be placed under control to Ilie litter neglect of the duties belonging to the Exi Eriov relations of the government and a Liili Are exclusively confided to . Such has been and Ever inns be the effect of perverting these Powers to objects foreign to the consist Nikon. When thus perverted they become unequal in their action operating to the Benefit of one part or Cla is toll c in iii v of the Benefit of the manufacturing against the agricultural and commercial portions or of the non productive the producing class. The More extensive the country the greater would be the inequality and oppression. In ones stretching Over two Tho Suud Square Miles they become intolerable when pushed beyond mod Nate limits. It is then Cou friets take place from the struggle on the part of those who Are Benefit ted by the operation of an unequal system of i legislation to retain their advantage and on like part of the oppressed to resist it when this slate of things occurs it is neither More nor less than a state of hostility Lieuween the and oppressed War waged not by armies but by Laws acts and sections of acts Are sent by the stronger party on a plundering expedition instead of divisions and brigades which often Rei Pirn More richly Laden with spoils than a plundering expend Tsiou Ufier the most successful such must be the effect of the system of measures now attempted to be forced on the govern nent by the perversion of Interior Powers 1 Appeal to tie voice of experience in Aid of the i cites of reason i go Back to the beginning of the govern men to and ask Ighut at outset but this very system of measures. Proce. re going on which be fairly estimated at two per cent additional making in nil twelve per cent for the Cost of the tir Cess. It follows Flint the people of the stale in order to return Back to in it Treasury of the Union ail a mount equal to the sum received by distribution would have each to pay by tha supposition twelve per cent More of taxes than his share of the sum distributed. That sum equal to six Hundred thousand dollars on five millions would go to the collectors of the taxes tie custom House officers for their share of the Public spoils. But it is still worse. It is unequal and unjust As Well As foolish and absurd. The Case supposed Woi ild not be the real state of the facts. It would scarcely be possible so to arrange a system of taxes under which the people of each state would pay Back a sum just equal to that received much less that the taxes should fall on each individual in the , in the same pc portion. Hat he would receive of the Simi distributed to the state. But if this be possible it is certain that Ijo system of taxes on imports especially the Bill sent from the other House can make such equalization so far from that 1 Hazard nothing in asserting that the Staple slates Woi ild pay into the Treasury under operation three times As much As they would receive of an average the Distri Bulom end some of them far by Amore while to the manufacturing states ii to judge from to if Zeal in favor of the Bill he a Otiest proposes to impose would be bounties not taxes. If their acts both measures the distribution and the duties would pockets. They would the gainers let who May be losers in this financial game. But a the. Inequality greater or Jess than my estimate what up old be Inhofe to distribute a common fund in , pm a pm a Ting the slates and 40 a Foppe a the comprehensive answer which 1 Cor it give a a a re a a a a a i. Is the it it orig lit to be the very opposite of that caused the great struggle which Continuo a people of the tastes to Repkp tip he defied in would probably pledge in to the payment of their debts the effect of which Woi ild be to enhance their value in the hands of the holders the rothschilds the brings the Hopes on the other Side the Atlantic with wealthy brokers and Stock jobbers on ibis. Were Liis done at the expense of the indebted a states none could old Jeci. But far different is the Case when al the expense of the Union by the sacrifice of the Noble inheritance left by our ancestors and when the loss of this great and permanent fund must be supplied from the Industry and property of a Large portion of the Community who had no Agency or responsibility in contracting the debts or benefits from the objects on which the funds were expended. On whal principle of Justice Honor or Cali this government interfere and Lake from their pockets to increase the profit of the most wealthy individuals in the world the portion that might fall to the states not indebted or those not deeply so would probably for the most part be a pledged As a fund on which to make new Loans for new schemes similar to those for which the existing state debts were contracted la May not be applied so at first but Stich would most Likely be the application on the first swell of the tide of expansion. Supposing one half of the whole sum to be derived from the lauds should be so applied estimating the income from that source at five millions the half would furnish the basis of anew debt of forty or fifty millions. Stock amount would be would find Way to foreign mar Keis and would re Tiern As other stocks of like kind have in swelling the tide of imports in the first instance but in the end by diminish aug them to Ana mount equal to Tho to Tercel on the sum borrowed and cutting off in Tho same proportion the permanent Revenue from the customs a and this when the whole support of the gov Eru Mentas Abonit to be thrown exclusively on the foreign Commerce of the country. So much for. The permanent Elf acts in a financial View of this measure. The swelling of the tide of imports in the tide of imports in the first instance from the Loans would Lead to a corresponding flush of Rev Eric and that to extravagant , to be followed by embarrassment of the Treasury and a glut of goods which would bring of a corresponding pressure of the monafae carers when my Friend from Massachusetts or. Bates and other senators from lat Quad a ter Wpm in ciry out for additional project Ion to guard against the necessary consequences of the very measure Uliey Are now so urgently pressing through the Striate. Such would be the consequences of this measure regarded As one of finance and. Iii reference to a internal operation. In is not possible but Tiit such a measure so unjust Nojd state Section and sesion Between a these who Livi by their own to cups us Industry and the who have or expect to live on the Public crib would Atid get Ulm to that discord and Start la wit iii stud Wenk Uoss without which is consequent on Tho entire system of measures of which it forms a pan. But mischievous effects of inc exterior relations of the coup try would not to limited to indirect consequences. Oliero it would Stonko a direct and deadly blow by withdraw my entirely from iho Dences of the country one of tie Only two sources of our Revenue and that much Trio most permanent and grow now in like Power of Congress to it pledge permanently this great and increase iii fund to Thill important object to completing the system of Forniti cations Aud building equipping and maintaining a Gallant Navy. It was pro posed to strike out the whole Bill to expunge the detestable project of distribution Aud to subsist note ill place the Revenue from Tho Public lauds us a permanent fund sacred to the defences of the country. And from what Quarter did this patriotic and truly states Miu like proposition conic ? from the far and Aal Niit Esi from a a some for a or Linn of a the most Rem be from the Ocean and Sor cure from Dang a. And by whom was it voted own ? strange to Tell by Semi ors irom Mari Tunc states states most exposed and having the deepest interest in the Lucas arc Defeated by la Weir representatives on this floor mid Rani As it May seem Louis inn missis Sippi Georgia Aud South Carolina each it rave a it. Norilia Carolina Virginia Maryland Delaware and new Jersey have each two votes against it. Now York gave one and every vote from new England but two from now Hampshire and one from Maine was cast against it. Be it remembered iii All alter limes that these Voles from states ,.�nd having so deep a stake a the defence of the country were cast in Fay a of distribution of giving Galut thusly a Large Puiu Uii of Ifica Funa Itom the Public Domain to we Uii British capitalists and against he proposition for applying it sacred Pur nose of defending their Ovvie shores Horn insult and danger. How air Inge. That new Vork and new England Vii their Hun. Areas of millions of property,.uud.ro a humid thousands of Hardy and a the uprising trim Billy afloat should give Solare to vote for u Nie sure above All others Best calculated to with draw Protection from both and so Small a Vole against one Best calculated to Protection but Struntze As that May still More strange that the Staple states states that will receive so Louie from Dis Tribuz a lion and which i Insl pay so much to Umeke Ufi the deficiency i will cause states so defenceless on their maritime Frontier should cast so Large a Vole for to Weir own oppression and against their own defence i can Billy can party infatuation be the cause one or both to further let me say to the senators from the commercial and Stales in All sober Ness Fiat there is now a warm and generous feeling throuyho.,1 Trio Chi Ira it Nina or the Arm of defence with which your interest and glory arc so closely identified a it. Wise by any act of yours to weaken Ora ten ale such feelings and could you do a act More directly calculated Lodo amp of f remember it is a deep principle of on Oum a Utu is Hoff up regard the safety of those not re their own. If Yon Are indifferent safety you must not be Subj a in ill a or a Miere sied Sli Ould become but of much As the defences of he would a weakened directly bjur a he we the al of so Large a fund the blow Woi ild be by to Means so heavy As that Ashiq a huh q is coff be quenches would fall on 41iera. That Avold paralyse the right Arm of Oifer a own of. To de stand fully How it would he Vel that we must look not Only to the amount of. Iho sum to be with draw but also on Liat tha Burden would fall to make up the deficiency. It would full on the Commerce of Ilie country exactly where it would do most to cripple twin Means of defence. To ill Strale the truth of what i shiite it will he necessary to i Quiro what would be on Best system of defence. And that would involve tic prior question Tom what Quarter Are we most exposed to Dan Ger with that i shall accordingly begin. Here is but one nation on the Globe from which we have any thing serious to apprehend but that is the most powerful that Tiow exists or Ever did exist 1 refer Britain. She is in Eife tour near neighbor though the wide Atlantic divides. Us. Her colonial possessions stretch along the whole extent of our Eastern and North Cru Borders from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oheim. Her Power and influence extend Over the Nuoi Erous Luhiau tribes scattered along our Western Border from our Northern Boundary to the infant Republic 01 Texas. is on our Morii Ime Frontier. Extending from the Mouth of the Aubine to that of st Groin a a distance with he undulations of the Cotret of thousands of. Miles deeply indented with Bays Aud navigable right ers and studded with our great Coqui Vercial emporiums1113 there on that to iii line of Frontier Ifni she is the most powerful arid to the and most vulnerable. It is ili Cro she stands ready with her powerful Navy sheltered in he commanding positions of half Siax Bermuda and the Bahama to a blow at any Point she select on line of const. Such is the Quarter from which Only we have danger to apprehend and the important enquiry which next presents Ruelf is How can we Best defend ourselves against a Power so formidable thue touching a sen All pm ions excepting the Small portion of our Boundary along which Texas joins us ? every portion of our extended Frontier de mands Nitoiu Ion Inland As Well As maritime i but with this striking difference that Pii he torpor our Power is much greater than Herp As hers is greater Thau Joura of the maritime. There to would be the assailant am fint Ever works May be erected there ought to Havio reference to that fact and look mainly to protecting important Ppitts. From sudden edit Iiah end devastation rather than against Auy permanent my meet pea Force i Leifi our Borders y. The diff cuu problems the do i inc Olour meantime fro nor that of Cluj a Ausec consist of fortifications and question be which ought to be mainly Relief on and to what ept tent the Apo play Jap

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