New York Times, The (Newspaper) - August 19, 1859, New York, New York YOL 2169 NEW-YORK FRIDAY AUGUST 19 1859 PRICE TWO CENTS TWO DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE OF THE ASIA STATE OF ITALY CONFERENCE AT Naval Armament of Great Britain TDK GREAT EASTERN COMPLETED Strike of English Laborers Progress of the French Disarmament Cotton Finn 95 a 95 The Royal Hail steamship Alia Capt Lorr from at 1 o'clock P.M on the tart arrived here yesterday at 12 o'clock M The and from New-York at Southampton on the morning of the 4th IMS within aa hoar or so of each other The reached about midnight on the 3d and Liverpool about 24 boon later The AM li to leave fc r Boiton and New-York on the 13th but The Jason hu been enlisted Into the way Bne and Gal way tor SU N F on the 20th ITALY USD THE ITALIAN QUESTION i of and the of of the Fate of Central the the French tm mt Look at the ef the U The at Zurich Are Our Italian Correspondent MILAH Thursday July Little thought ALBERT as he on his lonely in Oporto on the July 1849 that ten years hence in the solemn of Milano a stone's throw from the Greppi Palace whence he tied amid the shots and curses of an exasperated and betrayed populace that a funeral ceremony would be held in his memory for pomp and splendor has never been Yet so it For days past workmen and scaffolding have filled that temple of temples which you cannot pass for the hundredth time without gazing on it in amazement stupefied by its imposing this morning the re- sult of their labors was displayed la front of the below the royal arms the following in- scription is To the magnanimous King CHARLES ALBERT who on tbe July 1849 breathed his last in to on the Atlantic martyr of Italian independence tbe Milanese to-day redeemed by VEX II heir of his father's soul and of his father's intentions offer the solemn tribute of their pious vows Gieat and stem look down from thy smiling on this People whom ten years of atrocious torture and of faithful tancy have rendered worthy of thee of thy son and of the destiny already prepared for them by thy sublime audacity And implore the God of Justice that all our brothers by blood by grief by hope may soon enjoy the promised liberty for which thou didst peril thy crown and life The entire church was hung in black acd from the very centre ol the dome a black canopy gath into the regal crown hung suspended above catafalco which contained the coffin Every pillar was decorated with the pure Italian tri color the arms of city in the centre veiled crape About 10 the French lancers a talion of the Ninth Regiment gether with the band of the National Guard filled the square in front of the church and the French and Piod- staff occupied the reserved seats to the Jeft of the catafalco and the civil authorities those to the right The ceremony which I shall not you by describing was such as those monies usually superabundance of priests tapers incense an immense crowd cor- responding the sublime music com- for the other inconveniences My chief amusement consisted in wandering hither and thither and listening to the observations of the The great object of attraction was the fusion of which void of the white cross of revives republican memories insu la nostra bandera del It was like that our flag in heard many say and then with a half sigh the souvenir was put away for the Lombards have wisely made up their minds to be content with such things The Piedmontese who are here are incensed at the arbitrary acts of the Government and many a protest excluded from the journals of Milan find their way to those of Turin But for the moat part the Lombards take these things quietly It 5s an Italian they siy and Venice is still under Austria Let us keep quiet let us help Central Italy to retain its fre edom Tuscany Bo- logna Parma and Modena annexed to Piedmont give a population of and hence an army of could soon be placed in battle array here We can make head against Austria and free Venice Until that is doue we prefer the peace not to grumble about internal reforms When Italy is independent will be time enough to agitate for greater liberty And is the tenor of the discourse of all classes I think they are right The knot of the Italian question lies tot day in Central Italy the difficulty exists in the question of Borne As we go to Bologna to-morrow passing by Parma and Modena and thence to Florence in order to see things as they are with our own eyes I shall not report the on dit but shall write you from those cities Milan at this moment is full of volunteers from Tuscany Parma and Modena who have insisted on receiving their dismission in order that they may return home to assist the re- sistance against any attempt to reinstate their sovereigns GARIBALDI in disbanding them issued the lowing proclamation which has attracted crable attention owing to the menace Implied in tbe concluding paragraph also because this is the first time that he has ever mentioned OF CENTRAL months we said to the Your brethren province sworn to or to with you and thu Austrian know whether or no we have kepi our we shall repeat to you what then we said to tho Lombards and the noble cause of our country win find us united on valorous as in the oast with the aspect of men who have 2nd continue to do their duty Return to your homes and amid the embraces of your beloved do not forget the we to NAPOLEON III and to the heroic Nation whose valorous honi still languish and mutilated on their beds of anguish Above all do not forget that whatever be of ought not to deviate from our sacred Italy and VICTOR Val July GARIBALDI That one word has gladdened every heart Even the poor Venetian volunteers begin to lift np their heads Italy includes Venice say they if we continue faithful to Italy she will not abandon us As we have fought for Lombardy so will fight for Borne and Tuscany Our turn will come at last I have just parted with a Venetian priest escaped fiom Verona You would weep to hear his de- scription of the of the Venetian provinces He poor fellow could not restrain his tears and many a bystander listening wept with him He says that after the battle of Solferino the absolute despair of the is dispirited the downcast the soldiers sulky and disobedient a battalion of these brave Zouaves he said laying his hand on the shoulder of one present would have sufficed to take city and fortress five days and five nights they em- ployed in bringing in their wounded the tion meanwhile elated maddened by the and by the fact that forty men-of-war were In the Adriatic brought out their weapons from their hiding places who had none sharpened knives and waited for the long expected signal to fling on their oppressors twelve days passed and that signal came not but instead the news of the armistice still such was the truth the joy the hope that no fear was entertained for the Five days more and the tidings of peace on the Mincio fell like a thunderbolt on the ing patriots Would God I had died before I had seen the day i the poor priest in his recital They were mad 1 my poor people they ed about the streets sobbing weeping brandish ng their weapons so mad so frantic that the hid themselves they feared fury of the population in its first ebullition orders were given no provocation should be offered the placards in Verona as Padua were withdrawn others announcing that the news was false and that the authors were arrested were substituted Calm succeeded the storm all believed what they hoped but in the night five hundred were how many more will follow ened by the successes of the allies whole whole colleges had signed the fusion with Piedmont every Venetian worthy of the name is compromised in one way or other What stories of Venetian heroism the poor old man recounted how a certain Prince who had served under BALDI in Rome and followed him in his retreat had been taken by the Austrians and farced serve In the Austrian army for seven years re- turned home to hear of the war he escaped from the vigilance of the police oft away across the frontiers and is now acting as captain under BALDI Still after all Is said and done this war has developed in the Italians the consciousness that all aspire towards a common goal that all are willing to sacrifice their individual desires after a peculiar form of Government to the one great end of unity and independence If you receive in America the and Azione you will see that even MAZZINI and his partisans now that NAPOLEON is out of the question cry Italy and VICTOR Thus they prove to the world that the appellations of sectarians demagogues Ac were meic calumnies that while they could not overcome their repugnance to fight side by side with the murderers of Rome while as long as Piedmont persisted in an policy they opposed her that they did so on principle and not out of petty opposition or from an nate worship of The Republic Even ALBERTO MARIO that most republican of republicans is gone to enlist under i e under the leader who seems to promise the first combat Never has such entire unanimity been manifested among the Italians I still fear that a very determined effort will be made to give tral Italy to Plon but a still more mined resistance will be made to prevent it In order that you may see the perfect concord that exists between nil parties I translate the lowing circulated in Italy by the Volunteers of the great peninsula why enter on the Italian war Sicilians did you come to reconquer the Constitution ot 1812 t Neapolitans to win from the Bourbon a few rags ot the torn Constitution of Ro- mans to preserve your Pope a Consulta and the Tuscans to the Austrian Archduke in the city he desired to bombard 10 enjoy the by your er Duke to to bow again before tbe ducal soldiers who persecuted you to the last Lombards who in when a partial independence was proposed to you replied in those sublime words -Or alt free or all did you come to take part in the war in order that yourselves free you might plate from the borders of the Mincio your tian brethren groaning under the Austrian yoke And you Venetians did you come in order to call yourselves members of tbe Italian under the And you valorous constant and devoted Sardinians you best and noblest among Italian brethren persisted for ten years in your noble purpose did you shed your blood at Montebello at at Solferino merely to acquire the rich Lombard plains No all the soldiers of Italy we came to the in order to make Italy a nation to unite all the Italians from Venice to Trapani under a single single llag No answers the Sardinian Had I aimed at merely conquering a single province how could I have dared to style myself the first soldier of ian Independence How could I have dared to fer that solemn call to the Italians to rally round my standard No no I replies the Lombard had I in selfishness merely dreamt of driving the trians the Mincio mv heart would have failed me as I grasped the hand of combatants Irom province and as I saw Venetians Tuscans Romans fall fighting by my side I should have fled like Cain a fugitive on the face of the earth at the sight of my murdered brother These were the hopes of Italian soldier REALITIES Peace on the Mincio given back to to Austria Modena and Tuscany to Austrian Princes Rome to the Pope to a and an Italian Confederation with tlie tor Austrian members thereof Fallen from their lolty hopes realities the Italians ought to distinguish NAPOLEON from France and cherish lively gratitude towards that France which helped to accomplish a fraternal deed to cancel the memory of the expedition to Rome by spending generous blood and treasure for the Italian cause To cherish profound affection for their Sardinian the Italian family for grandeur of sacrifice To learn from late events that national independence is better quired by national efforts than by the arms of for- it the mutual assistance given by one people to another be useful be the necessary condition of universal emancipation it is also in- dispensable that a people prove Us capacity to emancipate itself by taking the initiative And finally in the sphere of facts Italians und especially the volunteers of the Sardinian army the Hunters of the Alps and the Apennines whether individually or in bodies ought to hasten in way possible to the Duchies to Tuscany and the Romagna to join the populations of those provinces in order to spare them the shame and the misfortune of again falling into the hands of their detested rulers whom they have expelled in order to save the Italian from be- ing trodden under foot by hireling Swiss looks with jealousy on the conquests of NAPOLEON will if those provinces express their resolute determination by valorous deeds prevent the repetition of the expedition to Rome Diplo- macy accepts accomplished these duties are more the Lombards than on any Soldiers from Tuscany Parma Modena and fought for and conquered the dom of the Lombards the Lombards ought to combat and to die to free their brethren in their jf they tail they incur the slain of i.e come car Uf g men The hateful rulers expelled the Romans Tuscans all will be their own rulers free to give themselves to the fatherland to United To aims then Hasten to Modena na Florence order to make one Italy Venice lost on the Mincio must be reconquered on the Tiber You will notice with pleasure that all parties and indeed to day there is bat one take especial pains that their regret for abandoned Venice shall not savor of ingratitude to the French so much so that there is evidently a jealousy among the Powers that be lest too strong a sympathy should bind the army to the by aide with whom they have fought and whom they would have by to the last had they but been mitted 80 much so that Marshal LI VAILLANT has without giving rhyme or reason forbidden the French officers to accept the to which in common with the Piedmontese they were invited next Every day gives fresh proof of the anger existing in the army on account of peace One officer has broken his sword All these things are kept a profound secret but the discontent is visible and universal This is especially the case with the troops newly arrived Those who entered Lombardy just as the peace was signed are described as beside themselves with rage they had come panting for battle eager for crosses and promotion just to return the weary way they came And pour rien la France has lost soldiers besides the thousands mutilated and disabled for life and Tout pour rien pour new they repeat One thought however consoles them officers and common soldiers alike We are going to war with speak with one speak with all and each reechoes the assertion Wo shall soon encamp round London our shall wave from the of the tec I know that you smile in America at this idea but you will live to see war between Franco and England Why was Bussia humbled and then spared Why is Austria humiliated crushed and then exalted That they might tremble and obey that they might actively or passively aid their magnanimous when he shall be prepared to strike the final blow when having torn the treaties of Vienna and punished two of the when France shall be ed only by her natural the punished too he shall be in a position to wipe out the defeat which he told the Chamber of Peers he shall set out for the accomplishment of his avenging of Do not sneer at England's arming ahe does well to arm never more to disarm until the Man of the 2d of December has left the world to rest It does not prove pusillanimity or cowardice it shows a just sense of her present inferiority in armament to her hereditary foe and if while peace still endures she would send commissioners from the Horse Guards and Admiralty here or to France to leam what administration really means she would do belter still What an army is how perfectly organized from the highest to the lowest ment It is the admiration and the envy of the ians and let us hope it will serve them for ple A young volunteer from the Tuscan army was lamenting to me last night the injustice done to the Tuscans concerning the march We were starved he said literally starved without food without tents often without water This was not the result of avarice or will hut simply of maladministration The French soldier instead carries with him his tent his food his cognac and his utensils for making coffee If we only halt an hour up go the tents little fires are lighted in a trice and re- freshed and strengthened the Frenchman goes gaily on his wav Not so with the poor Tuscans If they halted in the it was under the burning sun if at night they slept on the damp grass Many of us would have died of hunger but for the kindness of the the youth and in fact what with similar mismanagement having to march from Florence to Goito in eleven days the French took seventeen to foim the same sixty died on the road and out of are now in the tals All this is not to be wondered at in a country so long enslaved the example of the French before them let us hope these evils will be gradually The officers in the Tuscan army greatly need weeding many of them have if not Austrian de- retrogradist tendencies Their hatred to tlie volunteer element is notorious During the march to Parma one of them found a poor teer half fainting by the What are you doing there you skulking I have not tasted food for 14 hours give me a niece of bread a little water and I can march Eat the tricolor jou dog of a was the rejoinder Others came up and the brute barely escaped with his life But this is a specimen and you will agree that the Tuscan Government is ing in determining to extinguish root and branch this element But perhaps even more than the administration the intense df of the French the Italians To say nothing of Austrian discipline take the Piedmontese Will you ate in these streets a sergeant and colonel walking side by tide No they have thing to say to each other the sergeant keeps at a respectful distance and the colonel talks over shoulder With the French on the contrary you see groups of officers and soldiers ing together like so many schoolboys jet never Joes a soldier overstep the bounds of loves and respects his officers equally it is Mon General this Colonel that and a word of reproach from either suffices to move many a sturdy warrior to tears During the can campaign only two cases occurred of dicis taking provisions from the inhabitants and refusing What was the punishment Were they flogged Just simply sent back to France deprived of the dangers and the glory of the I never beheld such eloquent Imi mute said my informant I believe every soldier in the army would starve rather than incur a similar disgrace A Italian in attendance after the battle to see Gen himsel down on the grass and take the cigar from the mouth of a comrade soldier in order to light his own I suppose all this will not make much impression on Republicans but it does here I can assure you and I can fancy how it must have amazed the English in the Crimea It is the same at the hospitals there you see the officers sitting by the bedside of the wounded diers soothing them cheering them with ises of writing to their families taking them cigars peaches tobacco etc About the hospitals how well they are worth They do credit to the Italians everywhere especially here and at Brescia Yesterday I went again to two where I have some favorite lids the now there arc French I mean among tho wounded and the Litta improvised for the The former is I suppose the largest and best in the world It was founded more than four hundred years ago by FRANCESCO who gave his palace as a commencement it has an income of than I assure are honestly spent It contains wards each averaging beda be- sides this right branch hospitals are among them receives in- When troops arrived at a tew miles from Goito the first cry was for water told that the spring was a mi lea way they cave DP the as hopeless in their exhausted condition 300 Zouaves who formed rear of the French army which Already at the of the volunteers aped to the filled them them to their aid thea olT o their com ants yearly There now but 350 French there and the pour fellows think of the tion they than of their wounds and pain They too are sadly cut up about the peace One of the famous Voltigeurs de la Garde whom yon remember decided the success of received a ball in his left side and another through bis breast which lodged under the shoulder blade He is evidently dying and knows r I pointed to the croix ha eg Ing above bed wish which the Emperor decorated him when he the hospitals during his last age through Milan Ca fait du plaisir biey du he said mats la pais ma fait bien du mal ne pas la peine defaire ttus tant de braves pour si peu de chases One of his comrades he yu importe It's all over with me let me tell ccs diables wo came to free them de ban Wh at surprises you in these immense wards is the entire absence of any odor and still more of flies Nearly all the danger for the wounded is now past In the Litta Hospital there was a poor Corsican and me had been dying ever since the 8th of June his leg had been amputated too late and a young anese lady in attendance assured me that through day and night night and day he bad ceased to suffer one had heard a Complaint come from kit poor parched Ice he kept moaning As they gave him ice he thanked them with such a touch ing piteous smile as it went to one's heart to sea The Piedmontese bear their sufferings equally well but are less gay and than the As for the of their fortitude are almost incredible operations it is all the jest smoke their pipes and take it all as mere child's play If we to feel unjustly towards the sold an Italian to me on account oi the or's broken promises we have but to go to the hospitals to feel thoroughly ashamed of ourselves As this is our last day at Milan we drove out this morning in an open carriage about G A M round the city from Porta to Porta either side of the Corso the French are encamped under the broad sheltering chestnut trees which even without their tents would tect them from the most scorching sun the they are by myriads each orie under his little four are joined so as to let a current of air through the muskets in of fife in front of busy as bees and buzzing quite as loudly shaving each other mending unmentionables furbishing their sacks and cartridge boxes but the majority Ing and polishing their arms It is quite funny to see the affection with which they eye their away as if for dear them at a distance to enjoy the effect with the head now on this side now on Another more then the treasure is laid to rest Then come the live lumber one has a cat another a parrot a an owl a fourth a cage of little birds While I write one has just passed under my window leading a lamb and there they lay stretched out at full length without a care or a for the morrow But it is as you come on the Place that the most picturesque effect is gained imagine that immense space the castle capable of holding men in the centre and the encamped around here the lery here the horses by the way are wretched looking animals but the French con- sole themselves that they will soon attraper cfg the low while tents studding the entire plain then westward athwart the triumphal arch and miles away the is bounded by the solemn so blue below its summit blanched by its eternal side the famous road NAPOLEON built the wild fantastic and Zouaves cluster They have but the Turcos generally disdain to use them is the sun of Lombardy to these curious mixture ot agility and muscular are the beau of brute force tutored how they spring and run and fall every possible altitude out the slightest drets seems born with them it is so here the decorations are profuse will see a with three lour und live and how bright he keeps them The landscape seems evidently to their taste they keep their eyes open and nothing escapes them The French in general are observant and I actually heard a acknowledge that the was plus Dame I guess it is thought I This morning scores of the soldiers were perched upon the top of the triu arch looking like beside the bronze horses and figures of Whether they admitted in their hearts that this monument is vastly superior to the Arc de Etoile in the Champs I know not but it certainly is so both in its proportions i's rial pure Canara the bold execution of the principal figures and the exquisite designs and religious finish of reliefs As you go out of the city it does not strike you so much be- ing lost in the vast horizon but as you reenter led up to it by the luxuriant drooping green of the with the city for a background you see it in perfection and cannot but admire as you gaze But to form any idea of the whole ma which the outskirts of Milan now present your readers must turn to SCHILLER'S description of camp And now adieu to Milan which since its dom accomplished one leaves without much re gret to go southward where the light is yet un- and the victory more than doubtful French Piedmontese and Italians from every corner of tlie Peninsula hare helped Lombards to their freedom May do unto others as others have done by them I think they will and should feel of it energetic patriotic would approve their and if nut their preparations but with a harsh old fiscal advocate like who looks upon every free expression of thought as treason who sees in every incitement to arms a conspiracy a bold generous course of towards the still oppressed provinces of Italy will be extremely difficult not to say impossible July 30 Last evening we received order of the day to the Tuscan army and also mation to the Modenese Both have greatly tended to reassure the minds of people here Acting all think most judiciously Piedmont has recalled her Commissioners from Central Italy in order that no color may be to the calumnies invented by the French Press as to the pressure exercised over the people in the choice of a future nor FARINI was one of these Commissioners and with all the tact of an and ex- conspirator he has used his powers well No had he resigned as Royal Commissioner than the Modenese created him a named him Dictator unanimously His tion which I shall not translate as they are nearly all alike concludes have faith in our destinies and in the justice of public opinion and if the future holds for you some cult tests the fact of my being first in honors will give me the right of being first in danger FAIT IM'S eldest son one of the volunteers in the dinian army was dangerously wounded at St tino and this fact by no means diminishes the en- of the Modenese for FARISI The Tuscan army halting at Modena on its way to wss joy ULLOA is greatly that army of whose native officers I have already spoken to yon and the concluding words of his address have decided many youths who yesterday were wandering about this city uncertain and desponding to-day to start for Tuscany They are as follows As long as life remains we will maintain that course of politics which we have made oar own we will defend our banner against every enemy and enemies are all those who seek to reimpose on us an Austrian Government and an expelled monarch The country confided to your keeping tranquilly awaits the moment for tranquilly expressing their free desires and if In accomplishing our sacred mission we should have obstacles to overcome enemies to combat then indeed your hopes will be fulfilled Tuscan arms will have borne their part in the battles for erty G ULLOA I told you in my letter of the June that great doubts have arisen as to the propriety of Piedmont sending a representative to the ences of Zurich These doubts still continue and CAT DKS AMBROIS starts on Tuesday next for Paris in order to arrange pre- and judge whether his presence Is com- patible with the honor and dignity of Piedmont Dn was Prime Minister of CHABUS ALBERT before was then regarded aa an ex- treme Liberal j was consequently detested by the Catholics On the proclamation of the tion his native province chose him for their ber From the House he passed to the Senate and a year since was Vice Precise honest though rather narrow no one has the fare and dignity of the Piedmontese Monarchy more at heart than he Therefore should he con- sent after hia interview with to be present at the Conference you must know that all the first statesmen of Piedmont have declined that we may hope that he will sustain the honor of the flag THE STATE OF PIEDMONT A VIEW or THE Or rUNCH IM- his best Staff officers will have to come back to n thousands of the young who enlisted In the throughout the Lombard campaign are now swat back to the r dally jouns soldiers will u MR of officers and hare no chief POLICY A LOOK AT THE THE SAVOYARDS AC AC of Uu London Team Tuesday Aug 2 In spite of his Italian education it Is evident the Emperor NATOUOK Is Imperfectly acquainted with the Italian character and that he too rashly flattered be could bring the people of Central Italy to to their fate as as be Induced the French nation to free tht deeds of the 2d of December He has tent his agent Count with a view to persuade tiie Ac to receive with acclamation their ex- Sovereigns on their contemplated reiteration Count had the to request the dinian Government to uie Its Influence to persuade the revolutionized Slates to return to their allegiance The Government overwhelmed as It Is with humiliation answered with ing dignity that as It had withdrawn all Its and military authorities as well as Its political and diplo- matic agents In order not to Influence the population of Central Italy In a seme unfavorable to the dethroned Princes and conducive to Its own Inter- ests it now formally and peremptorily de- to interfere in any manner to effect a con tr try object Count quits Turin tali day foiled at all points and will now be trying bit pawers of eloquence at Parma and Modern There li ao doubt out the people or the Duchies of the tions and of Tuscany will every that may be put forward to replace them of their own cord their former joke Were it only from mere of judgment and sheer con- they would never listen to the of the French Envoy but it li not a My to that the Italians hive oppose with tooth and nail the of their former and to on the free manifestation of their public as they had 10 solemnly been not only ed but with ill the most incitements Invited to do by France The best of these fallen Governments unendurable Those who hare never lived under tlie sway of a petty Prince can conceive no idea of the of belonging to a State simply on account cf Hi The means of oppression and corruption by on a grand scale tuch as that of Ruf si a pervades all ranki of society their wont in- fluence when on a small space All energy and all commerce anJ Industry are paralyzed by the narrow boundaries which encompass those diminutive territories while the vexation of the police regulations by preventing all Influx of strangers anl putting obstacles to the free tion of the natives abroad have a tendency to con- tract the sphere of thought of the unhappy people to isolate them and to create a mass of men who deprived of all legitimate scope of action must eliter compensation in the pursuit of frivolous often degrading objects or In the plots and schemes dangerous to the public security On the other hand free constitutional government be- comes an Utopia in so limited an arena A Chamber of Representatives for the Duchy of or an House for the Ducy of Modena would be an absurdity It Is true that the meanness of several small States might partly redeemed by their Joining Into a confederacy between there but the of- an Italian at the present day if fraught with and it could only be proposed with some hope of It all the Italian heads would at least accept those fundamental ments of freedom as the Germans term them which might have a real tendency towards the unification of the country Such elements are especially freedom of the Press and of open courts of law right of petition and association Inviolability of the person and domicile perfect re- ligious toleration and a fiee and uniform mode of election both for municipal and political be- sides a thorough union of all the States for military naval diplomatic commercial and literary purposes Nor can the Congress at Zurich or any other con- ference In the worKI busy with an Italian federation hope to bend the Pope and the King of Naples no less than the now begging lor a throne to accept these as the preliminary conditions of the proposed new bond of Italian union Would they and could they give the securities that the Princes restored un- er such terms remain faithful to their en- and if the sovereigns brake as they in- from abetting and supporting is the infallibly did In their perjury T There la not one of those princes now dethroned or yet en- throned who has not shonn himself a bis people I might except the Duchess of Parma who named by tbe terrible fate of her husband was as humane and righteous In her rule as Austria lowed her to be but the Parmesans have not for- gotten the arrant follies and the downright crimes of ner husband they have no warrant for the good be- havior of his young heir and at all events they are sick at heart of their which with tbe best Intentions deprives their ruler of all power to do good so long as he Is kept under the pressure of an overbearing neighbor for the Princes of Modena and Tuscany and the Pope nothing can be said to extenuate their guilt of bad faith and arbitrary rule and it Is but natural the people ire now rid cf should do their to resist their re- Tlie have so often been charged with their narrow municipal prejudices they have so often been reproached with those divisions and animosities which were said to be the greatest obstacle to thela union Into a national body that their present ness to join Into one State under the sceptre of tbe only King who hu won the suffrages or all men ought to be balled by foreign nations ai a symptom of a better spirit now prevalent among them The Italians have undoubtedly profited by the lessons or Tbe people of the Duchies of the tions arid of Tuscany are frantically crying for an- to Piedmont and matters bate been brought to this if they are allowed to emit a free vote they will all proclaim as their King and they will certainly be strong enough to withstand all that their banished Sovereigns may uie thwarting their wishes if they be safe from foreign interference A On the other hand there is no doubt In my mind that France and Austria are engaged to enforce the restoration of the Princes audio put forth their overwhelming strength to that If aLI of prove as they prove inefficient Thi ruler of France engaged to screen the provinces of Central Italy from all foreign public pre- served The Italians aware of the great they hate at stake are straining every nerve to pre- serve public order in those almost entirely less provinces and their behavior under cult circumstances Is truly wonderful but there enough In the present of the try to give rise to the most painful anxieties for the future Piedmont In obedience to the will of the high Powers was compelled to withdraw those statesmen who had gone through the ments of the art of government In the free exercise of political functions in this happy State for the last ten The large and somewhat force now under In Central Italy reft of those few Piedmontese who were bringing them under the salutary rule of military tion Forty Piedmontese high in command cave been recalled from the corps of Gen ro in Gen ULLOA resigned cf Uie Tuscan and UTI not of Meanwhile the mild men such u cou MORI and others who could have kept noDular ferment In Central Italy within proper Unite arc coming back one by one and young and citizens ara suddenly raised to the dictatorship of those disorganized communities They appoint Ministers contract loans Improvise Juntas Councils and Committees and promulgate electoral laws for the purpose of making appeal to the public frage In Parma alone the Sardinian authorities eon la the discharge of their functions but tilt was simply noon the understanding that Parma was to be left to Sardinia and now Count HaaWs mission had dispelled even that last I bare no doubt the Governor Count and the also have to be recalled At Modena the distinguished historian at the moment of resigning his as Governor bu accepted the dignity of a Dictator of UM Duchy proffered to him by popular tion and appointed a to the country under his Immediate orders till such time as the popular will shall hue on the destinies of the State IB the office of Governor or Dictator left by has been tiled by a partisan ol the fusion of the Grand mott moat energetic character said to all Tuscany Cui such mien and such Mt preserve public order in long tar the blindest despotic misrule T tw aMeto resist the Intrigues by which Austria the aid abettors cf the and the will endeavor to give to disturbances T Is It sible that scandals should not And lift not such scandals that III is waiting for and upon In order that he may have Europe's applause In effecting the of the exiled princes by the same means by Pope was restored In 1849 after UM murder of Rossi and the attack on the the Italian cause of the sympathies of all just and men f Such are the to which the public Mind is a prey in this distracted country Truly the ians are making their first attempts at self under most to tog They have shown admirably fit for UM task bat difficulties they hive to contend with are enormous and they should be taken into consideration both by their and their foes In the meanwhile It important to observe that while thus tar not a hair of any man been hurt la the Duchies in the Legations or In Tuscany the flight of the constituted authorities the people upon their own resources of political reach ui from Two Sicilies where two crimes of that nature were perpetrated U the city of Messina alone In of Puma in the year after the death no less than twenty murderous were commuted with lur In broad daylight In the open streets capital and I will not lose time in the i dreadful deeds which stained the of cora and all tht of from 1849 to 1859 By the side of such niter the utter cessation of such evils the absence of such In Central Italy since a bloodless tion was accomplished In two ago It despotic misrule alone It would seem which the of these people and maddens them to crime Let France aad Austria and the European in general look well to driven to ratal by a sense of wrong from Louis attack upon the freedom of toe Roman aad are there not of own temper at ice or Mantua or In the ol Central Italy if the sacrifice of Is resolved upon In cold blood t But the grievances of Central Italy must not make me unmindful of what taking place under my own eyes in this part of the country It if ing could route Piedmont from the dismay and con- Into which it been plunged by the peace ol Men are writhing under sense of Indignity which been put upon their King and country studiously choosing the very forms and In the preliminaries of peace which most deeply wound the national feeling It was difficult for a long time to find men willing to take charge of the Government alter Count resignation It even more difficult to hit upon a man who would take upon himself the odious task of appending his name to the terms of final agreement to which France and Austria would come at Zurich without aa much aa consulting one of the most Interested in the transaction The now at Pails on that mission Count Das the Vice-President both of the Senau and the Council and formerly a Minister of Grace and Justice is an eminent and highly esteemed inclined to conciliation aad not Inexorably opposed to reasonable compromise A more adroit and at the same time pliable well honorable agent not have been found re- turn here is expected with trepidation and The deputies of the clerical and of the of Savoy in number and with trie high but somewhat narrow-minded TA m at their head have put a manifesto which Is to say tbe least sadly ill-timed At the opening of war It may be remembered the same M COSTA together with his tested against an enterprise which would compel the to lavish their blood and treasure for the national Italian a cause to which they as belonging to a Transalpine people were utter strangers They now pledge themselves ular representatives to advocate in the Sardinian the political administrative and financial separation of their duchy from the rest of the dom They plead the of their limited means acd their geographical aad tional position which feelings Inter- eiU amorg them apart from those el their and beg especially to be released from tbe burdens which the heavy expenses of the must needs entail on the common country There Is undoubtedly something in all these de- mands but It rather odd that such a note should be published at a time when not a word bu yet been said about the convocation of Parliament In all probability these 12 deputies and their party In Savoy mean mischief They raised the loudest outcry at the opening of the war when the cession of Savoy to was supposed to be one of the secret tions agreed upon between HI and Count Now perhaps they are vexed at a sion of them united to that Sardinian monarchy to which they un- bounded loyalty Host assuredly Savoy may become a French province If ahe unanimously expresses her wish ro to do But will find It more difficult to obtain exemption from her share of tbe public burdens when jolted to France nor will the French be lighter than those which Piedmont im- poses Tne Solis in the anticipation of aa event which is not yet con- or even dreamt of are already testing against a which would such a great of strength on their tier and contend that if Savoy u to fall off from Piedmont it would be more rational to turn It or part of U into a Swiss canton than Into a French ment Many Piedmontese would be fain enough to allow that anybody should have Savov who might have a fancy to take It others think that that could opportunely be exchanged for the canton But the King and the ai inv and all of those who have at heart honor House of Savoy or the military strength of the State would pause before they consented to give np a province with which the historical of he monarchy are strongly associated which the State with the bravest and whose rug ted a most efficient bulwark French Invasion on the northwestern frontier A large French division III occupy THE SARDINIAN The Milan correspondent of the contains an official document Issued by the ot Lombardy establishing the boundaries of the new Sardinian kingdom The document which created no small surprise from the fact that it Parma u a matter of count In the dominion of the King of Sardinia by setting forth that the Governor of Lombardy ing how Important It U In the of trade that the boundary line shall be Axed between Tyrol and and the new kingdom which In tion to the former province ol Sardinia BOW In- Lombardy ana the for the present as follows That line will be the boundary which leaving the Lombardy from the Tyrol passes through and Edro then leaving the crosses the which the of quo from the valley of terminating at demo on the shore of the From Maderno the line goes along the shore of the lake through Sato and to and from there in a straight lint to on the right bank of the Mincio which It as far From where It leaves the river it goes through Castellucchio blana Cesole and on the left bank of Po Then crossing the Po at this place it faUf the right bank to where It becomes united with the frontier line which separates from the Legations DUCHY OF MODENA M In accepting the dictatorship o Jhe provinces published Uon which s town which founded the
