Lloyds Weekly London Newspaper (Newspaper) - March 24, 1844, London, Middlesex LLOYDS LONDON MARCH NOT PUBLISHED AT THE PRICE FRIENDS OF THE d tlic House of Commons has the to abridge the hours from twelve to iii i conscientious House Thou J paragon and pattern of humanity this same house had just decided I into the operation of the Corn condition of agricultural tenants a very strong case has long r said to be made out the one class being and and the other demo anil by the said is a troublesome piece of j to elicit disagreeable as well 811 cof a different description and House r be called upon to encounter I the hours of factory labour calls for I no mere aye to question effects the object and with it the of the repute a nice Ashley avers that of the factory operatives is mon and the having the sympathies of I MB made up into one huge sym liv that the said monstro Let us not be thought to with the condition of the factory operatives IFC are only expressing our contempt for the who have thus decided to restrain the I labour of the after having themselves it indispensable to his Has it never struck our as a singular that tke legislature should exhibit so strong a sympathy for the factory I while they exhibit the utmost indifference to Iward all others Is it to be that this care and con springs frem a real desire to improve I their condition a supposition com port with the conduct of the legislature in all other respects Review the whole course of for the last half century observe the reception which every proposition for ex tending the admitted or ameliorating the of the working has met the prompt attention and indulgent Consideration which all measures for protecting and increasing the intrinsic value and the political in fluence of property have met in the atter indisposition which the legislature has always manifested to give even the slightest attention to the the the re or the of the productive Classes and contrast that with the ready and fte frank it has ever given to sugges tions for increasing the privileges and the political power of the wealthier and the gross hy of tte pretence upon which this fresh with the labour of the factory operatives and the capital of factory owners pro will be denies that the mid greatly and sadly underpaid but so are almost all other aad mechanics We verily that the tabour of the factory hands has been greatly exaggerated by the who trade Upon their sympathy for this class o we have no wish to deny that labour is very and that the wages many of them earn are a totally inadequate re But how is their condition to be improved by abridging the term of their daily They not for love of hut for the means of The reward poor as it is the stimulant which leads them to the and keeps them there through the long days If the legislature wish to play the and reduce the days toil by a well and good provided only that at the same secures the objects of its humanity against pecuniary It has no right to compel them to labour for a shorter at their own Their earnings are miserably low now wha show of justice or of humanity is there in com reducing them said Stuart that the mea of his noble friend were to restrict in some degree th labour ofthe still they would not be without com frora the it would have to lessen the dura feu of The right honourable gentleman apoke of the reduction of the amount of wages as a serious to this But the right honourable gen and the legislature had already been repeatedly I Hut even were there to be some reduction in the wages ttere would still be on the part of the workpeople a readi Kess to face and encounter such a and that they wouk Bunk themselves repaid by the relief they would experience morally and in the curtailment of their hours o We deny the truth of tire as to fti acquiescence of the operatives in the reduction of their It is not the They can scarcely live and they do submit themselves and their fami to absolute We do not deny tha of the factory operatives have in favour of a ten hours but i tinder the that for the skorte s labour they would receive me amoun wages as for the longer absurdity Wtl they have been led by some of the and shortsighted It is n 115iri n the the manufacturing em to raise the wages of his that in his power to give brains to the sapien prate and vote upon the matte of has be tried it for the last three and hi thn property what h ft by the His profit has bee into a loss and how ar JC carried if that is univer 1 leave and his sup to That a reduction of one of the hours of work in the mills would ave this was shewn over and over again in ic course of the The proposition would destroy the manufacturers said and if they pro ts It was manifest they destroyed manufactures and by depriving the operative of the opportunity for ic employment of his they would deprive him of he means of subsistence so with the most benevolent they might become the cause of the greatest of all evils to the class they wished to As the baronet had referred to the great importance f not destroying the profits of the he Gibson would refer to what had been said by Se in accompanied by some other ad gone down to ascertain the effect of the factory legisla and to observe the circumstances of the factory He wrote a dated the 28th of to in which he 1 will appose a manufacturer of in nd and in raw material and he annual return of that supposing the capital to be arned once a and gross profits to be 15 per ught to be goods worth 11 produced by the con tant conversion and reconversion of the circula ng capital from money into goods and from goods into in periods of rather more than two Of his each of the the 23 half hours of work pro uces or one twenty Of these 2323rds the whole that is to out of the simply replace the capital ne or out of the makes p for the deterioration of the mill and The the last two of the twentythree half biurs every produce the net profit of 10 prices remaining the same the factory could be ept at work 1 3 hours instead of 1 1 by an addition of bout to the circulating the net profit would e more than Ou the other if the hours of were reduced by one hour per day prices remain ng the net profit would be destroyed if they were educed by an hour and a even gross profit would be de The circulating capital would be but there would be no fund the progressive deterioration f the fixed This calculation of in his waa sound in principle and if gentlemen would it they would find it The longer our system was essential to gaining was essential to le existence of manufactures was essential to enable the manufacturing population to gain their The danger was lest they should destroy the staple ures of the and by so doing a great injury n the working classes Sir James Graham shewed what would be the consequences of the measure upon the by another course of reasoning but one equally conclusive My noble friend stated that he would not enter into he commercial part the question but if I can show the inevitable result of the abridgment of time will be the diminution of wages to the I with reference to the Interests of the working classes there never was a graver question before than The House will remember that the branches of ma affected by this are dependent upon machi Such is the rapidity with which improvements are that no machinery can last more than twelve or thirteen years without alterations and master manufacturers obliged to pull down machinery that was perfectly sound and to make the necessary H is to replace machinery iR the course of twelve or thirteen You are now discussing whether you shall by the period of time in which capital to be all interest upon it and the outlay re in the close of competition which our manufacturers are now running with foreign it must be considered what effect this reduction of one sixth of would hare upon The ques tion in its bearings upon foreign competitors must be care fully and I have been in that such a step would be fatal many of our manu But that would not be the first The first effect would fall upon the It is notorious that a great part of the power of the a power which alone justifies each legislation Of this arises from the redundant supply of It follows that when a master is pressed upon by your he mil compensate himself by forcing upon those in hit a decrease of It is not often that we agree with the Home but here he has our hearty concur No one attempted to answer his argu It in say these farseeing if all the fac tories ave compelled to work the manufacturers can raise the prices of their and thus compensate themselves for the increased cost Indeed We last week showed how abortive any attempt of that kind must be and especially how injurious to the operatives We need not recur to the proof But there is one consideration connected with this part of the which it is to be that the advocates of a would steadily look Lord Ashley dwelt with much emphasis upon the in creased labour devolved upon the factory opera by the improved machinery now It did not occur to him to inquire into the causes which impel to the constant improvement ol especially in the cotton Hac he done he would have found that the most powerful of those causes is the necessity under which our manufacturers to keep down to the lowest point the cost of in order to compete with the foreign in the various markets of the That is indis A thousand facts brought out before the Import Duties committee placed it all the question we would put to Lord Ashley and his is this If you make human labour as an instru ment of will you not thus offer ar additional premium and give a new stimulus to improvements in the machinery employed Sir James Graham did not overlook this considera tion My honourable said has dwelt very much upon the improvements which have taken place ii and the consequent increase of labour to tht parties so Allow me just to in passing that although the intention of the Factory Act was hu and also partial in its yet I have n doubt whatever its practical effect has been to stimulate i the highest degree the improvement of machinery fur th replacing of manual J u in proportion as by improvement in machinery you in crease the speed of that so do you make a nal for increased strength on the part of those you even to tha displacement of adult YOUNGER AXI MOBS ACTIVE FLU JONS being to perform ill if your legislation be such that ou again increase the speed of your you ffer a as it for the improvement of ma belief that you will still further displace dose not now considered and thus you will the evils you desire to referring to what had been said by Lord Ashley that even the without further was put at nly twothirds the velocity of which it was in other that the speed might e increased by said the ight it is as clear as if ou reduce the hours of labour by r the steam will be accelerated in and ia point of fact the labour will be nore intense and Lord Ashleys mca goes to hasten the improvement of and tends to force the manufacturer o employ mules and iron fingers as for those of human How the is to profit by we are at a loss to We have said that all these legislative inter with the industrial proceedings of the population springs from some other motive han a desire to serve If that were the another course would be Instead of the operatives to work long they vould remove the necessity for working long by giving the workers cheap and Otter They would break down the orn which at once makes bread dear nd employment inconstant and while t beats down wages by forcing our labourers and into an unequal competition with fo Lord in the course of the on motion on com the midst of which the con and house was counted there not being forty members the case was one at least equal in im to that of diminishing factory as its was to enlarge the field or native and thus to improve the condition of the industrious in the course of that put this in a very clear When there was a low rate of said the noble there was a low rate of Tho member or Stockport had adverted a few evenings in the ourse of his unanswerable to the low rate of in the agricultural districts of the south of nd he very properly that he threw no blame n the He said the low rate of wages did not on the will of the but on causes fax That was his Lord Howicks opinion The ama state of things had existed some years and the ause was admirably described by the lamented Hus Who said it arose from the great pressure on the of productive The same state of things existed now from the same It was the great tn the springs of productive Industry that aused the low wages of the Dorsetshire nd the miserable earnings of the London The right baronet told them last night that and profits were ground down to so low a state hat they could not afford to make any further restriction n the hours of even in protecting females from iver in the That pressure on the springs of industry arose as frem a deficiency in the field for the employ ment of labour and It was their restrictive laws which prevented that field from being was liese laws that kept down profit and labour to the lowest it was those restrictive laws which t should be the first object of every man to get rid The truth that instead of having any special affection for the either employers or they entertain Deadly hostility warfl The indirectly gave ex pression to when it declared that the country would be as well off as it now if not were the ploughshare run over such places as Manchester and The parliament men are more They pretend to hold the factory operatives in especial and would have it be thought that their object is to augment their social comforts and elevate their intellectual and moral character while they in reduce them to the level of the cloddish and unreasoning For the last thirty years they have been interfering to regu late the labour of the factory and for the last thirty years the condition of the factory workers has been getting from bad to That should open their if nothing else The factory districts have and ever will the strongholds of radicalism and this will fully account for both whig and tory hostility to THE PROPOSED TAX ON Tuesday afternoon a public meeting of the inhabitants of Old and Brent and of the towns in the adjacent was held in the Old for the purpose of petitioning Parliament against the imposition of a tax ol per ton upon all coals imported into the port of to defray the expense of erecting an embankment and ter race on the banks of the river in The Thompson was called to the when the fol lowing resolutions were and unanimously adopted that the proposed tax of per ton on all coals imported into London by such tax being for the purpose of defraying the expense of an embank ment on the river Thames in is most unfair to persons who live beyond the limits of the and who obtain their supply of coals from the port o That a numerous population in Brentford and its vicinity consume large quant of seaborne coals that the cost iii that neighbourhood must necessarily be much higher than at places less remote from the coal and to increase that cost by imposing a tax for an object which does not confer upon this population any correspond ing or indeed any advantage at is that while the proposed tax will pros the manufacturers of this and check fair com petition with their who live beyond the limits affected by their the labouring classes must suffe severely by any increase in the tax upon the which they It was also resolved that petitions to lot Houses of founded upon the shouli be presented and a committee having been appointed tc carry into the objects of those i lion was commenced to defray the and then separated The French Ministry has achieved another and which leaves them in quiet and safe possession of their places till another session of the On Tuesday after the departure of the express from the hamber of Deputies came to a final division on the Secret ervice Money when a majority in favour of he of That the majority would be in favour of Ministers was but the amount of that majority has ome upon the and has put the friends of Guizot nto great It makes the division of greater im that both parties agreed to take the vote upon ills subject as one of confidence in and the best test of their respective Cer ainly the no reason to be dissatisfied with trie esult of the A dispatch from General dated the 8th the original announcement of the capture of nd his since They were shot wih ut even the pretext of a The order of the day by the savage shows that these will not be he only unless the insurgents surrender to him t He pretends to be painfully afflicted at the he has carried into twentyfour respectable fami and seems to have designed this wholesale assassina ion as an oblation to the Queen on her arrival in he heart of The authorities follow up this barba ous act by publishing in the Gazelle a calling for ertain members of the rebel junta to and me with death any one who should be found harbouring General Narvaez and Gonzales Bravo also show heir determination not to let so good an opportunity of getting rid of their adversaries escape Every day ome new plot is announced in the organs of if which the public know nothing but that certain par ies are thrown into and being the nere emanations of Bravos fertile are never followed up after they have played their n this way a plot was announced as having been dis covered at which is now admitted not to be A desperate attempt was made to blow up the both mother and with fulminating which was to be placed in the way of the carriage This not the powder has also Now we are old of a conspiracy discovered at which we have no great fear in predicting will also turn out equally un as the others and we are told by the which has always been the ergan through which Gonzales 3ravo has prepared the public for his that 3one made some important declarations belore his which compromise several persons at and which reveal the secret of who were the leaders of the All this would be a matter merely to laugh were it not that every one of these pretended plots and revelations compromises the safety of some innocent PORTUGAL Our intelligence from Portugal bears out the iven in former of the grave nature of the disturbances which have sprung out of the military revolt at Torres A commotion of a formidable with the objecta of the Almeida broke out in the University of Coimbra on the 8th The In had possession of the town for two attacked the and made a prisoner of the civil They were finally routed by the The was and some of the former were dan it would The were supposed to have effected a junction with a guerilla at three or four leagues distance from Co In the the telegraph has been rendered The couriers with the Government eorre have been robbed by the which have sprang into existence in the province of Beira upper art of Estremadura and the Government evidently feels he importance of this new feature in the disturbance of the peace of the the force under Bomfim remained in undisturbed possession of the the commanders of the Queens in front of still waiting for the arrival of the PRUSSIA The German papers announce that the Prussian Govern ment has completed its full adhesion to the Russian by the renewal of tha Cartel which stipulates the res of all deserters to Tke last remnant of the Kings popularity in his eastern provinces hung upon his refusal to renew this a refusal in which he has now for two years and so strenuously that Russia was compelled to take the extraordinary and though means of endeavouring to prevent the desertion of its soldiers over the Prussian The refusal to renew the convention was one of the steps and proofs given by the new King of to show his intention of pursuing a purely German His leniency to the Poles of Posen waa dictated by the same He left them their their and The Poles trusted to the durability of such and many refugees crowded back to a region which resembled The system is now the hopes and not only the emigrant Poles sent out of but the conventions of the former reign for the re extradition of under the name of of all political is now The press of North Germany will say but little of this circumstance but its consequences will be no less serious and important for tardy In deve VAN Tills it continues to suffer under the greatest depression in every branch of its The most failures wee of daily mer whose credit had stood compounding with their or taking the benefit of the Insolvent or giving only shillings in the pound and extensive landholders compelled to bring into the market their heavily mortgaged with all the advantages of being partially cleared and and having convenient pre mises upon were in some instances being at less than the minimum price of Government Scarcely a shopkeeper in Hobart Town or had beea able to contend against the difficulties of the or to escape This state of things had been brought about by a considerable fall in the price of and by the ex stimulus which the high price of grain gave to agriculture about two years which had brought an immense extent into for the produce of which there was no adequate demand when it was introduced into the market Sheep a few years sold at from twenty to thirty were selling at three or four and even less while grain generally sold at less than a third of the price in average years The depression arising from these causes was aggravated by the past ex of the settlers and whose and fine houses hail been commenced before their estates were redeemed from and who hail been upon to redeem them at a time when money unusual measures were in discussion for tUe relief o the Usury Law being the panacea of and a Corn Law of or embarrassments which dence and gambling speculations had brought and which can only be relieved by habits of life and business more prudent and suited to the circumstances of a young The from the cr by daring the chiefs of a party which hadl besn depredations throughout the country hav ing been secured and sent to the penal station of Port FOREIGN ODDS AKD A letter from Munich of the 9th after hat all the under sentence for political except Bebr and have received observes are a great of refugees who have not been brought to trial but at the same time men ions a report that the King of Bavaria is inclined to a general allowing them all The Commerce and clamour loudly for the re duction of the interest on the national of France but the Debate argues with that the aases of England and Belgium are not relevant to that France not having the power to reimburse the haWers of French by paying them ofTat The was on Friday put up at auction at he upset price of It was adjudged to one of the old at An important measure has been recently adopted by the Hungarian Hitherto the nobles of who are very many even of the smallest farmers eing have been exempted from payment of The Diet has resolved that this shall no kmger be the case but the amount and mode of taxation remain to be A man named the author of a entitled Caducite des Religions was tried by the Court of Assizes of Paris on and convicted of outrage against religion and public and religious mo and sentenced to six months imprisonment and a ine of The seized copies of the book were ordered 0 be The account of the execution of Bonet and twentythree of his companions at is by intelligence rorn Madrid of the The Madrid Gazette con ains a despatch to that effect from and also a pro clamation calling for some members of the rebel junta to surrender and decreeing the punishment of death on any one found guilty of concealing A new municipal government has been chosen at In a few days says the Commerce Marshal Soult will enter his 80th having been born on the 29th of Queen Christina was not expected to reach before the There were current rumours at Madrid of a general amnesty being and of its not being intended to assemble the Cortes before he period at which the Queen would have accomplished her 14th de Saint Priest has submitted to the Chamber of Deputies a proposition for reducing the general postage to four sous the The net revenue of the under the present amounts to or The motion was to come on for on Letters from of the 6th mention the receipt of intelligence from announcing the resignation of the Ministers Metaxas and Their successors not Accounts from of the 27th of state that the greatest excitement lias been caused at tbe Porte by the demand of the English and French that the Sultan should give a formal engagement to forego hereafter all religious The Moniteur announces that the Duchess de Nemours has entered into the sixth month of her The Duke de Nemours is stated to have sufficiently recovered from the effects of his late illness to be able to take car riage The Moniteur also publishes a report from the Minister of and a royal decree for summoning to active ser vice men of the class of The Paris Opposition papers without suggesting a motive for the that on Monday morning several young men were arrested in the Quartier and under a strong military to the prison of the A dreadful fire broke out on the 12th in the house pied by Madame and her at No lives were but a great deal of property was The Duchess of Savoy was safely delivered of a prince on the 14th This fortunate event was announced to the population of Turin by a salute of 100 According to a letter from inserted in the Augs bury a negotiation was then to effect a marriage between the de Bordeaux and the third ais ter of the King of the Two The Commerce mentions that Count Mole would leave Paris for next and return by Constan after visiting Moscow and the magnificent harbours and arsenals established by Russia along the Black In Paris it is still believed that the arrival of Queen Christina in Madrid wonld be made the occasion for at conciliatory measures but while giving credit to her Majesty for goodness of intention on proceed ing thither at certainly some little hope was enter of her being able to bring about the establishment of a permanently strong and good In the French Chamber of Deputies on Tuesday a division took place on the Secret Service Money which was carried by a large supposed to be about Some disturbances took place at Marseilles on In consequence of the display by the in favour of A great number of young men having that Berryer with some of his party was at a house on the proceeded thither with the tricoloured As they went along their numbers were until tha whole extent of the from the place Castellane to the Rond was The disposition of the crowd was by no means of an equivocal Not only did they sing the they also set up loud cries of A has les Carlistes A bas les The authorities were compelled to and sent General with a squadron of Chasseurs to protect the Car list The Abbe de died at his country a few days aged The interview he had with at a small country on his retreat from and the remarkable conversation that must be fresh in the memory of many It was on that occasion that de Emperor used the phrase now be come a From the sublime to the ridiculous there is but a The It has already been announced that the Board of Directors of tbe Bank of France was engaged on the question of issuing notes for 15 We now learn that this measure has been resolved It would says the that Queen Christina does not intend to be long absent from forshe keeps the Hotel and where Munoz still On Sunday between ten and eleven the Tuileries were into and great alarm by the report cf firearms and cries for assistance from the garden The ou duty immediately went on the and found in a small garden next the Pavilion de Flora a sentinel from the 2nd regiment of infantry lying at full covered with lie soon recalled to his and stated while resting on his it went off by some and lodged the charge in his Nine condemned on between eleven and twelve exposed on Pillory in ths 1 1bce du 1alai e
